About 500 feet of Tertiary sediments is exposed in the general vicinity of the old St. Frances Dam Reservoir, in San Francisquito Canyon, Los Angeles County, California. The area where these sediments occur is located in the easternmost part of the Ventura Basin.
\r\n\r\nAt least 500 feet of well bedded red siltstones, shales, sandstones and conglomerates of continental origin is overlain by 2700 feet of piedmont deposits made up of coarse conglomerates, fanglomerates, and associated finer grained clastic rocks. No specific age can be assigned to these deposits, but to the north they are unconformably underlain by marine strata of Eocene age. These are thick bedded to massive arkoses. To the west, south and southwest the piedmont deposits are unconformably overlain by non-marine conglomerates and massive sandstones of the Upper Miocene Mint Canyon formation. The evidence prevails that the sediments in the area studied become progressively younger to the south and to the west, as happens everywhere else in the easternmost part of the Ventura Basin. Fossiliferous beds of the uppermost Miocene Modelo formation unconformably overlie the Mint Canyon beds to the south and to the west.
\r\n\r\nPre-Cretaceous rocks composed of gray, quartz-muscovite, schist crop out in the northeasternmost part of the area. Metaquartzites and quartz veins are minor parts of this terrane. This group of rocks is known as Pelona Schists.
\r\n\r\nPre- and post-Mint Canyon dip slip reverse faulting seems to form the dominant structural feature of the area. A possibility of normal faulting exists in the northwestern part of the area, between Eocene(?)-Miocene(?) rocks and the Mint Canyon formation, and is fully considered in the text.
\r\n\r\nThe sedimentary formations are folded, and the axes follow a northwest-southeast direction in the northern part of the area, and are probalby related to a first stage deformation in pre-Mint Canyon times; to the south, the fold axes trend north-south, and seem to be related to a second stage of deformation that probably took place in post-late Miocene time.
\r\n\r\nThe area is in its late youth to early mature state of topographic development. The stream along San Francisquito Canyon cuts across the structure of the Pelona schists indiscriminately for at least one mile, reflecting inheritance of a drainage system established under different conditions. Cavernous weathering is largely confined to many beds of hard, massive, conglomeratic sandstone of Eocene(?)-Miocene(?) age, in the north central part of the area.
" }, { "name": "Woodcock, John Richard", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1953", "title": "Geology of the Tick Canyon Area", "advisor": "Otte, Carel", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:07022015-144741256", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Woodcock", "given": "John Richard" }, "id": "Woodcock-John-Richard", "display_name": "Woodcock, John Richard" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Otte", "given": "Carel" }, "id": "Otte-Carel", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Otte, Carel" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/WXER-CZ23", "abstract": "The eastern part of the Ventura Basin contains great thicknesses\r\nof non-marine Tertiary sediments. The lower formations of the Tertiary strata\r\noutcrop in the Tick Canyon Area and are described in this report. Emphasis\r\nis placed on the description of the Vasquez formation which is the lowest\r\nTertiary unit in the Tick Canyon Area and which contains the only Tertiary\r\nlavas found in the East Ventura Basin." }, { "name": "Barker, Fred", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1952", "title": "The Coast Range Batholith Between Haines, Alaska and Bennett Lake, British Columbia", "advisor": "Campbell, Ian", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:04022010-073034332", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Barker", "given": "Fred" }, "id": "Barker-Fred", "display_name": "Barker, Fred" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Campbell", "given": "Ian" }, "id": "Campbell-I", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Campbell, Ian" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/FAT7-BR23", "abstract": "The Coast Range batholith of western Canada and southeastern Alaska, which is a composite of many plutons from a few hundred yards to several miles in cross-sectional width, extends approximately 1,100 miles from the vicinity of Vancouver, British Columbia northwest to Kluane Lake, Yukon Territory. Its width varies from about 40 miles\r\nin the north to a maximum of about 120 miles in southern British Columbia. The northern end of the batholith bas not been studied previously in detail. The author traversed this portion of the of the batholith from the northeastern contact at Bennett Lake, British Columbia along the tracks\r\nof the White Pass and Yukon Route railroad to Skagway, Alaska and from there by boat along Lynn Canal to Haines, Alaska and the southwestern contact of the batholith. The mapping was done on air photos, whose scale is approximately 1:38,000. The traverse was begun on August 4,\r\n1951 and was finished on August 30, 1951. About four weeks were spent studying thin sections in March and April of 1952. The purpose of this report is to present the results\r\nof this study.\r\n" }, { "name": "Bieler, Barrie Hill", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1952", "title": "The Design, Construction, and Testing of a Low Magnification Camera to Photograph Polished Ore Specimens", "advisor": "Noble, James A.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:02262010-144642155", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Bieler", "given": "Barrie Hill" }, "id": "Bieler-Barrie-Hill", "display_name": "Bieler, Barrie Hill" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Noble", "given": "James A." }, "id": "Noble-J-A", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Noble, James A." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/WQ7Y-YE14", "abstract": "The color photography on \"Bantam\" film of polished \r\nore specimens is the subject of this research. Preliminary tests showed that a diffused light source of large \r\narea (6 inch diameter) is necessary for even illumination \r\nof the subject which is up to 1 3/4 inches in diameter. An\r\nenlarging lens, designed to function best at low image magnifications, is used on the camera. Focusing and framing \r\nis done on a ground glass.\r\n\r\nA special camera was designed which has a magnification range of 1 to 4 3/4 times. Further testing with type \r\nA Kodachrome film showed that acceptable results can be \r\nachieved using for illumination either a #1 Photoflood bulb \r\n(color temp. 3400\u00b0K) giving bluish colors or a PS-25 lamp \r\n(color temp. 3200\u00b0K) giving reddish colors. If pictures\r\nare taken using nearly crossed polarized light: (1) the intensity of reflected light drops from 20 to 100 times de-\r\npending on the minerals, and the intensity will vary with \r\nthe orientation of the minerals and the degree of extinction of the polarized light; (2) the extinction color of the polaroid filters is not gray but blue-violet, and for some pictures an orange correction filter may be necessary.\r\n\r\nA study of the sharpness of the pictures indicates that the resolution of the lens, limited by aberrations and \r\ndiffraction, is below that of the film. Kodachrome film\r\nis better than Ektachrome for miniature transparencies.\r\n" }, { "name": "O'Neill, Bernard Joseph", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1952", "title": "Geology of the Anorthosite Massif in Chester County, Pennsylvania", "advisor": "Engel, Albert Edward John; Jahns, Richard H.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:04012010-091458107", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "O'Neill", "given": "Bernard Joseph" }, "id": "O'Neill-Bernard-Joseph", "display_name": "O'Neill, Bernard Joseph" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Engel", "given": "Albert Edward John" }, "id": "Engel-A-E-J", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Engel, Albert Edward John" }, { "name": { "family": "Jahns", "given": "Richard H." }, "id": "Jahns-R-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Jahns, Richard H." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/CNT4-DT95", "abstract": "The major objectives of this study have been to distinguish any variation within the anorthosite and to determine its age relationship with the adjacent rocks.\r\n\r\nTwo distinct facies comprise the pre-Cambrian Honeybrook anorthosite: (1) a relatively pure anorthosite facies, and (2) a chilled border facies which is more mafic than the pure anorthosite facies.\r\n\r\nQuartz-monzonite of pre-Cambrian age has enveloped and penetrated the Honeybrook anorthosite, causing severe alteration in the anorthosite and forming a hybrid rock.\r\n\r\nThe anorthosite is also intruded by a pre-Cambrian pegmatite dike. Metadiabase dikes of pre-Cambrian age cut both the anorthosite and quartz-monzonite.\r\n\r\nThe structure of the anorthosite is doubtful. The meager data suggests a possible domical body.\r\n\r\nThe primary magma yielding the anorthosite complex is assumed to have had the composition of gabbroic anorthosite. An upper chilled border of this composition developed. By gravity stratification during crystallization the mafic crystals settled to form gabbro and the plagioclase crystals remained suspended to form anorthosite." }, { "name": "Bass, Manuel Nathan", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1951", "title": "A Vertebrate Fauna from Late Tertiary Beds Near Frazier Mountain, California", "advisor": "Stock, Chester", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:02262010-100255584", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Bass", "given": "Manuel Nathan" }, "id": "Bass-Manuel-Nathan", "display_name": "Bass, Manuel Nathan" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Stock", "given": "Chester" }, "id": "Stock-C", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Stock, Chester" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/7368-BM35", "abstract": "From 1932 to 1950 vertebrate fossils were collected \r\nin the Hungry Valley area located in the northern half \r\nof the Black Mountain quadrangle, California. The \r\nfauna described in this paper was found between horizons \r\napproximately 350 feet below and 600 feet above the \r\ndivision established by Crowell separating the Hungry\r\nValley formation and the Peace Valley beds. Fragmentary \r\nfossils and nature of the beds in which found suggest \r\nlake and alluvial fan deposits.\r\n\r\nThe fauna is a typical plains fauna except for the \r\nabsence of carnivores which were presumably present but \r\nfound easy prey on grasslands well removed from the \r\nsites of deposition. Perissodactyls, among which are \r\nat least two species of Pliohippus (including the new \r\nspecies P. crowelli), a Neohipparion?, a tapir and a \r\nrhinocerotid, dominate the assemblage. Artiodaotyls \r\ninclude a new species of llama-like camel, Tanupolama? \r\nmontis,\tas well as a larger camel and an antilocaprid.\r\n\r\nThe vertebrate-bearing strata overlie beds dated \r\nby Axelrod as middle Pliocene on the basis of plant \r\nremains. Crowell regarded the Peace Valley beds as\r\nmiddle Pliocene and the Hungry Valley formation as \r\nlargely upper Pliocene.\r\n\r\nP. crowelli although apparently more advanced than \r\nP. spectans, is regarded as belonging to the Hemphillian\r\nstage. Largely on this basis, the Peace Valley beds and \r\nseveral hundred feet at the base of the Hungry Valley \r\nformation are referred to middle Pliocene; the bulk of \r\nthe Hungry Valley formation is presumably upper Pliocene. \r\nThis conclusion is in accord with the view that North \r\nAmerican rhinoceroses became extinct by the close of the \r\nHemphillian stage." }, { "name": "Campbell, Richard Bradford", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1951", "title": "Continental Glaciation in the Glenlyon Area, Pelly River District, Yukon, Canada", "advisor": "Sharp, Robert P.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03302010-085636751", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Campbell", "given": "Richard Bradford" }, "id": "Campbell-Richard-Bradford", "display_name": "Campbell, Richard Bradford" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Sharp", "given": "Robert P." }, "id": "Sharp-R-P", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Sharp, Robert P." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/GQNK-GQ14", "abstract": "The Glenlyon area in central Yukon is bounded by 62\u00b0 \r\nand 63\u00b0N and 134\u00b0 and 136\u00b0W. It is part of the Yukon Plateau, a mature upland surface surmounted by isolated peaks and small ranges, and dissected by deep, young valleys. Features of glacial erosion and deposition ore such that the direction of flow and the upper limit or the last glaciation can be determined from them.\r\n\r\nIce flowed into central Yukon from three sources, Selwyn\r\nMountains to the east, Cassiar mountains to the southeast, \r\nand the Coast and St. Elias mountains to the south. Ice \r\nmoved into the Glenlyon area from the first two of these \r\nsources and apparently the maximum stages of these two gla\r\ncial advances were not synchronous, but Selwyn ice was active last. In this area, many higher mountains and hills projected above the ice surface as nunataks. In detail, topography altered the direction of ice flow, ice thickness and extent.\r\n\r\nEvidence from adjacent parts of Yukon suggest two or possibly three glaciations but only the last has been recognized in the Glenlyon area although this could not have escaped glaciation in earlier stages. The large glaciers of central Yukon developed by windward building in contrast with the Cordilleren ice sheet in central British Columbia which developed on the lee of the Coast Range." }, { "name": "Foote, Royal Stuart", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1951", "title": "The Geology of the Houser Canyon Pegmatite with an X-Ray Analysis of Monazite", "advisor": "Jahns, Richard H.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03122010-084454404", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Foote", "given": "Royal Stuart" }, "id": "Foote-Royal-Stuart", "display_name": "Foote, Royal Stuart" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Jahns", "given": "Richard H." }, "id": "Jahns-R-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Jahns, Richard H." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/R3W3-M749", "abstract": "A large granitic pegmatite near Campo, in southern San Diego County was found to contain several radioactive biotite-rich inclusions. The pegmatite is irregularly zoned, and in general comprises a well defined graphic granite border zone, an irregular wall zone of intergrown quartz and perthite, a discontinuous intermediate zone of blocky perthite, and a well developed but somewhat irregular quartz core. The included masses of biotite-rich rock are spatially related to segments of the quartz core and their content of rare-earth minerals may be due in part to this relationship.
\r\n\r\nThe inclusions are composed of interlayered biotite books and feldspar plates which form a series of folded and distorted layers that are randomly oriented throughout the inclusion. Separation and analysis of minerals from the inclusion were accomplished by means of cloud-chamber detection, x-ray powder diffraction analyses, and spectrographic analysis. Thorium-bearing monazite was identified as the source of the radio-activity.
\r\n\r\nThe rare-earth elements and thorium evidently were concentrated in the late residual fluids of the pegmatite. Pendants or inclusions of apatite-bearing schist are believed to have provided a source of phosphorous for the crystallization of monazite. As an additional result of reaction with the pegmatite solutions, the minerals of the schistose pendant were recrystallized and some mineralogic changes were made as well.
" }, { "name": "Phipps, Rodney Thirsk", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1951", "title": "Geology of the Monte Cristo Mining Area", "advisor": "Noble, James A.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03312010-154632812", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Phipps", "given": "Rodney Thirsk" }, "id": "Phipps-Rodney-Thirsk", "display_name": "Phipps, Rodney Thirsk" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Noble", "given": "James A." }, "id": "Noble-J-A", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Noble, James A." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/VG4N-GV19", "abstract": "The Monte Cristo mining area was discovered in the early days of mining in California, and intermittent attempts have been made to work it to the present time.\r\n\r\nThe gold is localized in lenticular quartz veins replacing fractured country rock along north-south fault zones. Pyrite is the principal ore mineral with magnetite and minor amounts of sphalerite, pyrrhotite, and chalcopyrite also present.\r\n\r\nAnorthosite is the principal country rock in the areas apparently intruded into diorite. Hornblendite dikes cut the anorthosite before the time of gold mineralization, and late lamprophyre dikes were injected after the vein quartz. Some pegmatite and late aplite dikes are also present. The area on the whole has undergone little metamorphism.\r\n\r\nSeveral stages and patterns of faulting are present and an attempt was made to work out their relative ages and the ages of the dikes and veins with respect to them.\r\n\r\nJoint patterns were mapped but no relation was found between them and the ore control.\r\n\r\nEconomically the mine is considered a bad risk for any sizeable operation. Small scale mining of high grade ore shoots with a minimum of investment capital is believed to offer the best chance of success. The most favorable aspect of the property is the amount of development work done on the Monte Cristo North area where short crosscuts would open up a possible downward extension of the vein exposed at the surface." }, { "name": "Roberts, William Brian", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1951", "title": "Geology of a Part of the Rosamond Hills Area, Kern County, California", "advisor": "Jahns, Richard H.; Noble, James A.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03312010-100001642", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Roberts", "given": "William Brian" }, "id": "Roberts-William-Brian", "display_name": "Roberts, William Brian" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Jahns", "given": "Richard H." }, "id": "Jahns-R-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Jahns, Richard H." }, { "name": { "family": "Noble", "given": "James A." }, "id": "Noble-J-A", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Noble, James A." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/MG58-VZ02", "abstract": "An erosion surface of low relief was developed on the\r\ngranitic complex of the Rosamond Hills area during the \r\nearly part of the Tertiary period. Sometime during the \r\nMiocene epoch, faulting and volcanic activity formed a \r\nseries of shallow lakes in which pyroclastic debris accumulated to a maximum depth of 900 feet to form the lower\r\npart of the Rosamond series. Deformation and volcanic\r\nactivity culminated with the elevation of a mountain range\r\nof considerable relief, the outpouring of a comparatively\r\nlarge amount of rhyolite, and the ejection of much pyroclastic debris. A series of alluvial fans or bajada de\r\nposits with inercalated layers of pyroclastic debris accumulated along the margin of this mountain range to a\r\nmaximum thickness of about 500 feet to form the upper part\r\nof the Rosamond series. The area was subsequently tilted\r\nsouthward, and erosion removed the Rosamond series from\r\nthe tilted block except for a narrow strip along its sou\r\nthern margin. Hillocks formed by erosion of this strip of \r\nRosamond rocks constitute the Rosamond Hills. Recent\r\nfaulting along the southern margin of the Hills has probably\r\nhelped to form Rosamond Lake." }, { "name": "Smith, George Irving", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1951", "title": "The Geology of the Cache Creek Region, Kern County, California", "advisor": "Buwalda, John P.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-03142008-112248", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Smith", "given": "George Irving" }, "id": "Smith-George-Irving", "display_name": "Smith, George Irving" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Buwalda", "given": "John P." }, "id": "Buwalda-J-P", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Buwalda, John P." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/CJEN-ZG93", "abstract": "Along the north side of Tehachapi Pass, California, lies a basin containing three Tertiary formations resting on crystalline rocks of Sierra Batholith (?) age. The lowermost formation, the Witnet, is approximately 4000 feet thick and oonsists of coarse arkosic sandstones and conglomerates; the formation contains no fossils. The middle formation, the Kinnick, is 1900 feet thick and consists of massively bedded tuffs, agglomerates, and andesitio lavas; it is of lower Miocene age. The upper formation, the Bopesta, is more than 4000 feet thick and is made up of a fine grain sandstone; it was deposited in upper Miocene time. A Quaternary basalt is also present.\r\n\r\nDeformation first occurred in pre-Kinnick (lower Miocene) time as a major thrust fault placing crystalline rocks over Witnet. The motion was toward the north-northwest, or perpendicular to the Garlock Fault. In middle Miocene time, folding and minor thrusting parallel to the Garlock Fault occurred. In post Miocene time, broad folds parallel to the Garlock were formed and uplift on the north side of the fault took place. The writer has concluded that this indicates activity on the Garlock fault in pre-lower Miocene time with less intense but continued activity to the present.\r\n" }, { "name": "Alexander, Joseph Brightwell", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1950", "title": "Heavy Minerals of Certain Quartzites from Malaya: a Study in Differentiation and Correlation", "advisor": "Campbell, Ian", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03052010-105800539", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Alexander", "given": "Joseph Brightwell" }, "id": "Alexander-Joseph-Brightwell", "display_name": "Alexander, Joseph Brightwell" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Campbell", "given": "Ian" }, "id": "Campbell-I", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Campbell, Ian" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/5WW2-9A15", "abstract": "This paper has a three-fold aim.
\r\n\r\nFirstly, it demonstrates the practicability of a mechanical \r\nmethod alternative to panning for the preliminary concentration, prior to final bromoform separation, of arenaceous materials carrying only very small percentages of heavy mineral residues. This method utilizes the laboratory Aafley concentrating-table and the Haultain superpanner, with crushed calcite stained green by basic cupric nitrate for visual control to ensure reasonable recovery.
\r\n\r\nSecondly, it serves to present some fresh ideas for the computation of comparative indices and for the illustrative \r\ngraphical representation of statistical data. Empirical colour ratios and roundness ratios are calculated, in addition to volume frequency ratios of tourmaline, rutile, and zircon, for each grade size of concentrate obtained, and corresponding coefficients are derived for each sample over a common range of grade sizes.
\r\n\r\nThirdly, it records the results obtained in conjunction with an optical examination of the heavy minerals separated from various quartzites occurring in certain areas of Malaya. The diagnostic feature of the data determined by this preliminary investigation indicate the possibilities of utilizing heavy mineral characteristics, as analternative to fossil evidence, for the differentiation or correlation of these quartzites.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Birman, Joseph Harold", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1950", "title": "Geology of the Upper Tick Canyon Area, California", "advisor": "Jahns, Richard H.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:04022010-135746754", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Birman", "given": "Joseph Harold" }, "id": "Birman-Joseph-Harold", "display_name": "Birman, Joseph Harold" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Jahns", "given": "Richard H." }, "id": "Jahns-R-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Jahns, Richard H." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/FQB5-X751", "abstract": "The rocks of the upper Tick Canyon area comprise pre-Cretaceous crystalline complex (\"basement complex\"), the Oligocene (?) Vasquez formation, the Miocene Tick Canyon formation, the upper Miocene Mint Canyon formation, and Quaternary terrace deposits, alluvial fan material, and stream deposits. The oldest rocks are schists and gneisses, intruded by granitic rocks.\r\n\r\nThe Vazquez formation, more than 4,000 feet thick, contains fanglomerates, arkosic sandstones, fine-grained lake deposits, and volcanic flows. It lies against or upon the rocks of the basement complex in places with fault contact and elsewhere with depositional contact. It dips steeply, and in places it \u00eds folded into anticlines and synclines that gently plunge south of west. It contains faults of predominantly strike-slip motion in northeasterly or northwesterly direction.\r\n\r\nThe Tick Canyon formation consists of fine-grained arkosic sandstones and coarse-grained conglomerates. Its average thickness is about 600 feet. It lies with strong angular unconformity upon the eroded beds of the Vasquez formation.\r\n\r\nThe Mint Canyon beds are coarse-textured fanglomerates with some interbedded finer-grained arkosic sandstones. The Mint Canyon formation is disconformable upon the beds of the Tick Canyon formation.\r\n\r\nThe Tick Canyon and Mint Canyon formations dip moderately to the southwest and are slightly folded and faulted along lines of deformtion previously extablished during folding of the Vasquez rocks.\r\n\r\nSome of the structural features of the area may be related in origin to the San Andreas rift.\r\n\r\nThere has been some mining in the area for gold and other metals and for borax and gypsum.\r\n" }, { "name": "Cook, Phillip Granville", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1950", "title": "The Optical and X-Ray Properties of the Ferromagnesian Olivine Minerals with Charts to Aid Identification", "advisor": "Engel, Albert Edward John", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03152010-114320646", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Cook", "given": "Phillip Granville" }, "id": "Cook-Phillip-Granville", "display_name": "Cook, Phillip Granville" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Engel", "given": "Albert Edward John" }, "id": "Engel-A-E-J", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Engel, Albert Edward John" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/QWBE-DM48", "abstract": "A systematic search of the literature has been attempted \r\nto secure all available optical data for the natural ferromagnesian olivine minerals. These optical data have been plotted in graphical form against published chemical compositions, producing a chart relating these properties. The object has been to facilitate identification of these \r\nferromagnesian olivines. The resulting curves of refractive \r\nindices, birefringence and 2V have been analyzed for what\r\nare considered to be causes of the small deviations from the curves of the same properties of the synthetic ferromagnesian olivines.\r\n\r\nA short historical discussion is presented of the work \r\ndone in determining unit cell dimensions, including the \r\nrecent studies by Dr. Horace Winchell at Yale University.\r\n\r\nSix minerals of the ferromagnesian olivine group have been photographed with X-rays employing the powder technique. \r\nThe d/n values are given in tabular and graphical form which\r\nare usable for the identification of the ferromagnesian olivines.\r\n" }, { "name": "Harris, Paul Bernard", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1950", "title": "Geology of the Tunis-Pastoria Creek area, Kern County, California", "advisor": "Jahns, Richard H.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01302018-090328210", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Harris", "given": "Paul Bernard" }, "id": "Harris-Paul-Bernard", "display_name": "Harris, Paul Bernard" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Jahns", "given": "Richard H." }, "id": "Jahns-R-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Jahns, Richard H." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/SA85-J484", "abstract": "The geology of the Tunis-Pastoria Creek area, located approximately thirty miles southeast of Bakersfield, California, is rather simple from a regional standpoint. It more closely resembles the geology of the eastern edge of the San Joaquin Valley than that of the Coast Range province to the west. In the area mapped, pre-Tertiary crystalline rocks of the Tehachapi Mountains are overlain with a depositional contact by Tertiary sedimentary and volcanic rocks. These Tertiary rocks range in age from Middle Eocene to Lower Pliocene. Extensive terrace deposits and tiled alluvial fans of Quaternary age record the more recent history of this part of the San Joaquin Valley.
\r\n\r\nStructurally the area is characterized by strata that dip moderately to the northwest, and by two sets of faults, one trending roughly parallel and the other perpendicular to the strike of the beds. Movement along most of these faults is believed to be of the normal type. Folding is minor and limited primarily to phenomena associated with faulting. Structures have been complicated by repeated periods of uplift and subsidence that have given rise to numerous unconformities in the Tertiary section.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Irwin, William Porter", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1950", "title": "The Vasquez Series in the Upper Tick Canyon Area, Los Angeles County, California", "advisor": "Jahns, Richard H.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03302010-083737183", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Irwin", "given": "William Porter" }, "id": "Irwin-William-Porter", "display_name": "Irwin, William Porter" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Jahns", "given": "Richard H." }, "id": "Jahns-R-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Jahns, Richard H." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/3HDN-W727", "abstract": "The Vasquez series of probable Gligocene age consists of \r\ninterbedded sedimentary and basic volcanic rocks, and is well exposed in the vicinity of Tick Canyon, northern Los Angeles County, California. In this area the section is 4810 feet thick. The sediments are nonmarine deposits that were laid down under alternating lacustrine and fluviatile conditions in a semi-arid climate. The basic igneous rocks are extrusive, and comprise flows, flow breccias, and minor tuffs.\r\n\r\nThe beds occur in a sharply-folded syncline with a gentle \r\nsouthwesterly plunge. They are in fault contact with a much \r\nolder, pre-Cretaceous complex of crystalline rocks, and are \r\nnonconformably overlain by the Tick Canyon formation of Lower Miocene age.\r\n\r\nSets of northeasterly- and northwesterly-trending faults \r\ncut the syncline. Movement along these faults was predominantly strike slip. Those of the northeasterly-trending set show much the larger displacements, and blocks on the southeast side are offset to the north with respect to blocks on the northwest side. Faulting appears to have been contemporaneous with the later stages of folding from pro-Tick Canyon to post-Mint Canyon time.\r\n\r\nVertebrate and invertebrate fossil remains were found in \r\nseveral beds, but none proved diagnostic as a means for dating the Vasquez series.\r\n\r\nMining for borate minerals was once an active industry in \r\nthe area. Many gold prospects are present in the area underlain by crystalline rocks. Major faults in the area are water-bearing in places, and have important significance in regard to water supply.\r\n" }, { "name": "MacKevett, Edward Malcolm", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1950", "title": "The Geology of the Jurupa Mountains, San Bernardino and Riverside Counties, California", "advisor": "Jahns, Richard H.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:04012010-082544565", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "MacKevett", "given": "Edward Malcolm" }, "id": "MacKevett-Edward-Malcolm", "display_name": "MacKevett, Edward Malcolm" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Jahns", "given": "Richard H." }, "id": "Jahns-R-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Jahns, Richard H." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/Y1V7-CG63", "abstract": "The Jurupa Mountains are in the western parts of San Bernardino and Riverside Counties, California. The geographical center of the Jurupa Mountains is about 44 miles east of Los Angeles and 7 miles northwest of Riverside. This report describes an area of approximately 15 square miles.\r\n\r\nCrystalline rocks comprise the bulk of the Jurupa Mountains and probably are the northernmost exposures of the rocks typical of the Southern California batholith. The oldest rooks in the Jurupa Mountains are a series of pre-batholithic metasedimentary rooks which are questionably Triassic in age. This series is composed of quartz-biotite gneiss, impure quartzite, biotite-quartz schist, marble, calc-silicate contact rocks, and amphibole schist, listed in order of abundance. Characteristically, these rocks occur as septa between the intrusive plutons. The largest deposits of marble and contact rocks are at Jensen quarry, a locality renowned for its rare minerals. San Marcos gabbro occurs in a few hornblende-rich island like bodies within the later intrusive looks, and it is the oldest of the batholithic rocks. Bonsall tonalite is the most widespread rock in the Jurupa Mountains. It contains abundant inclusions near its contacts, and commonly has good foliation and lineation. The Woodson Mountain granodiorite is a leucocratic rock that has several textural variations. It generally crops out in large boulder-like masses and is one of the most erosion-resistant rocks in the area. Pegmatite dikes are abundant in the Jurupa Mountains and are characterized by bold, rib-like outcrops. Alluvium, mainly in the form of fan material that is locally overlain by aeolian sand, practically surrounds the Jurupa Mountains.\r\n\r\nThe Jurupa Mountains are in the northern part of the Perris fault block. No definitely-known faults occur in the Jurupa Mountains. The batholithic rocks of the Jurupa Mountains were probably emplaced as a sequence of plutons by a combination of processes of which stoping was the most important.\r\n\r\nThe economic resources of the Jurupa Mountains are marble, for making cement, and granodiorite and tonalite, mainly for rip-rap. In addition, several abandoned gold prospects are present. Most of these are on quartz stringers within the gneiss or schist.\r\n" }, { "name": "Otte, Carel, Jr.", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1950", "title": "Geology of the Upper Tick Canyon Area, Los Angeles County, California", "advisor": "Jahns, Richard H.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03052010-132136665", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Otte", "given": "Carel, Jr." }, "id": "Otte-Carel", "display_name": "Otte, Carel, Jr." } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Jahns", "given": "Richard H." }, "id": "Jahns-R-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Jahns, Richard H." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/XRKX-5K93", "abstract": "The upper Tick Canyon area, approximately seven square \r\nmiles in extent, lies between Agua Dulce Canyon and Mint \r\nCanyon in the easternmost pelt of the Ventura Basin in \r\nsouthern California. This area was mapped in detail on a \r\nscale of 1000 feet to one inch and the stratigrephic and \r\nstructural relationships of the exposed rocks were established.\r\n\r\nThe oldest rocks in the area are of highly metamorphosed \r\nmetasedimentary and metavolcanic types, which are intruded \r\nby igneous bodies of presumed pre-Cretaceous age. This crystalline complex is in fault contact with the rocks of the Vasquez series, the oldest unit in a thick section of Tertiary sedimentary and volcanic rocks.\r\n\r\nThe Vasquez series is perhaps Oligocene in age and was \r\ndeposited under nonmarine conditions in an elongate trough of fault-block origin. The rocks are mainly fine-to coarse- \r\ngrained elastic sediments. Interlayered with them are \r\nbasaltic and andesitic flows and shallow intrusive masses, \r\nthat form with the sediments a total section of about 4500 \r\nfeet. This section thickens rapidly east of the area mapped.\r\n\r\nOverlying the Vasquez strata with a distinct angular unconformity is a series of conglomerates and siltstones of \r\nthe late Lower Miocene Tick Canyon formation. This unit is \r\napproximately 900 feet thick, but thins rapidly to the west \r\nwithin the area under consideration. The Upper Miocene Mint \r\nCanyon formation, which also consists of nonmarine elastic\r\nsedimentary rocks overlies the Tick Canyon formation throughout the area. These two formations probably are separated by an unconformity, along which there may be local angular discordance of a few degrees.\r\n\r\nAlmost flat-lying, Pleistocene stream deposits occur \r\nthroughout the area at an elevation of several hundred feet \r\nabove the present, newly alluviated valley bottoms.\r\n\r\nSome strike-slip faulting with northeasterly trend took \r\nplace after Mint Canyon time, perhaps during the Pliocene \r\nepoch. This may be related to the San Andreas fault, which \r\nlies ten miles to the northeast.\r\n\r\nAll folds and faults that involve the sedimentary beds \r\nprobably can be related to adjustments taking place in the \r\nunderlying crystalline rocks. The forces causing these adjustments probably were active throughout much of Tertiary\r\nand Quaternary time, and activities do not appear to have\r\nceased as yet.\r\n" }, { "name": "Rigsby, George Pierce", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1950", "title": "Glaciological Studies in the St. Elias Range, Canada", "advisor": "Sharp, Robert P.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:02262010-085815097", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Rigsby", "given": "George Pierce" }, "id": "Rigsby-George-Pierce", "display_name": "Rigsby, George Pierce" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Sharp", "given": "Robert P." }, "id": "Sharp-R-P", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Sharp, Robert P." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/MX3E-DB92", "abstract": "The glaciological and geologic studies of 1948 in the St. Elias Range by a group from the California Institute of Technology were made possible by the Arctic Institute of North America and research grants from the Office of Naval Research, American Alpine Club and the California Institute. Walter A. Wood, director of the New York office of Arctic Institute, led the entire operation, and Robert P. Sharp of the California Institute of Technology directed the scientific research.
\r\n\r\nThe purpose of the expedition was to make studies of the physics of ice, snow and glaciers, as well as to gather specific information on accumulation, ablation, temperature, movement, density, depth and compaction of the firn in the Seward firn field. It is also hoped that first hand study of existing glaciers will produce a better understanding of past happenings in areas from which glaciers have disappeared. Part of the program consisted of checking the published conclusions of other workers in glaciology as well as attempting to add something to this science. The possibility that radar might be a better and faster means of determining the thickness of a body of ice was investigated, and a check of the radar results by seismic methods was planned. Bernard O. Steenson, a graduate student in Electrical Engineering at the California Institute of Technology, built and operated the radar equipment. F. Beach Leighton, a graduate student in the Division of Geological Sciences at the same institution, worked with meltwater, ablation and accumulation, while the author studied temperature and density of the firn, glacier movement and bedrock geology of the area. The seismic operations were under the direction of Donald J. Salt of the University of Toronto, Canada.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Roddick, James Archibald", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1950", "title": "Some Features of the Geology of the North Vancouver Area", "advisor": "Campbell, Ian", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:04012010-131419001", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Roddick", "given": "James Archibald" }, "id": "Roddick-James-Archibald", "display_name": "Roddick, James Archibald" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Campbell", "given": "Ian" }, "id": "Campbell-I", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Campbell, Ian" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/0A68-6213", "abstract": "The Coast Range Batholith north of Vancouver, British \r\nColumbia, comprises within the mapped area rocks ranging in \r\ncomposition from granitic pegmatite to gabbro. The most \r\nwidespread rock is the Capilano quarts-diorite which is \r\nmarkedly heterogeneous, and contains on the average about \r\n3% inclusions. In relative abundance, the quarts-diorite \r\nis followed by the Hollyburn granodiorite, More than 80%\r\nof the batholithic rock is of these two types. Within the \r\nbatholith are several roof pendants composed of early Mesozoic volcanics and sediments. One of the most interesting features within the area are the dykes. Although many lie wholly within the batholith, evidence is presented which indicates that they are pre-batholithic. These pro-batholithic dykes are thought to have a significant bearing on the problem of emplacement of the batholithic rock.\r\n\r\nThe marked heterogeneity of most of the batholithic rock, the distribution and alteration of the inclusions, \r\nmicroscopic textural relationships, and certain other data \r\nsuggest that much of the exposed batholithic rock occupied \r\nits present position by some process of replacement rather \r\nthan by forceful intrusion. It is recognized, however,\r\nthat due to the nature of the country, the scope of the work, and to some extent due to the nature of the problem, the evidence is not conclusive.\r\n" }, { "name": "Allen, Charles W.", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1949", "title": "Structure of the Northwestern Puente Hills, Los Angeles County, California", "advisor": "Jahns, Richard H.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03122010-132758028", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Allen", "given": "Charles W." }, "id": "Allen-Charles-W", "display_name": "Allen, Charles W." } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Jahns", "given": "Richard H." }, "id": "Jahns-R-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Jahns, Richard H." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/YXYT-EQ19", "abstract": "The structure of a part of the northwestern Puente Hills, about four miles east of Whittier, California, is characterized by north dipping marine sandstone, conglomerate, and shale of Upper Miocene and Lower Pliocene ages. These sediments form the north limb of a broad regional anticline that has been faulted by the high-angle Whittier thrust fault which is located just south of the mapped area. The compressive forces that formed the Whittier fault are responsible for additional minor faulting and folding of the area covered in this report.
\r\n\r\nThere are two main fault systems in the area, the Rowland fault system and the English fault system. The Rowland fault system consists of a main high-angle thrust fault with two spur faults. This system has produced some minor folding, some of which Shoes overturning, and some just reversal in dips. Many of the folds have been due wholly to the drag effects of the faults, others due to compressional forces, while still others represent a combination of the two forces. The English fault system marks a change in the general strike of the formations. To the east of this system the formations trend east-northeast, and to the west of the system the trend is west-northwest.
\r\n\r\nThe only flexure that is not apparently connected with faulting is a broad plunging nose or anticline called the Repetto nose. Small anticlinal folds in the southern part of the area may reflect buckling north of theWhittier fault.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Cutsforth, David Harrison", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1949", "title": "The Geology of a Portion of the San Jose Hills", "advisor": "Jahns, Richard H.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-10112005-081503", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Cutsforth", "given": "David Harrison" }, "id": "Cutsforth-David-Harrison", "display_name": "Cutsforth, David Harrison" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Jahns", "given": "Richard H." }, "id": "Jahns-R-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Jahns, Richard H." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/B9NJ-HV96", "abstract": "The area discussed in this report, consisting of sixteen square miles, embraces a portion of the San Jose Hills approximately three miles south of the town of Covina, Los Angeles County, California. The area was mapped on a base map prepared from U. S. Geological Survey topographic maps, and the Brunton compass-pacing method of mapping was used.\r\n\r\nThe region is part of an upland that rises above the Los Angeles and San Gabriel basins, and consists of a group of rolling hills trending in an approximate east-west direction. The relief throughout the region is moderate, and as a result of the semi-arid climate vegetation in the area is sparse. Bedrock is well exposed, excepting in some of the areas underlain by shale, where slumping has distorted the rocks and soils and a dense grass growth further hinder exposure of the underlying formations.\r\n\r\nAll of the rocks exposed in the area are of sedimentary origin, and, with the exception of Recent and Pleistocene alluvium, are part of the Puente formation of upper Miocene age. The Puente formation is divided into three members--a lower member of shale, a middle member of sandstone and conglomerate, and an upper member of shale, sandstone, and conglomerate. The subsurface rocks, knowledge of which has been derived from wells drilled in the area, consist of the Topanga formation, the Glendora volcanics, the Mountain Meadows dacite porphyry, and the basement complex in that order with increasing depth.\r\n\r\nThere appear to have been two major periods of deformation in the San Jose Hills area during Tertiary time--one at the close of the Pliocene and one during and after the deposition of the Miocene Puente formation. The Puente deformation seems to have involved only gentle folding, but the post-Pliocene deformation was more severe, involving steep folding and some faulting. The general structural trend of the region is approximately N 60 E, and is parallel to the boundaries of the higher hills. Folding in the area has created a series of parallel anticlines and synclines, with the San Jose anticline in the northern half of the area being the major structure. The one fault of any magnitude in the area is the San Jose fault, which enters from the east and apparently dies out in the central part of the area. It is a vertical or steeply dipping reverse fault with considerable downthrow on the south side. There are other smaller faults in the southern half of the area.\r\n\r\nThe geologic history of the region largely involves erosion after the intrusion of the basement complex in Mesozoic time until the Miocene period, when the area became one of deposition. The Glendora volcanics were deposited in early middle Miocene time, followed by submergence of the area and deposition of the Topanga, Puente, and Pliocene formations. After the close of the Pliocene the region emerged from beneath the sea and again became an area of erosion." }, { "name": "Leighton, Freeman Beach", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1949", "title": "Contributions to the Glaciology of the Seward Ice Field, Canada, and the Malaspina Glacier, Alaska", "advisor": "Sharp, Robert P.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03122010-103205758", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Leighton", "given": "Freeman Beach" }, "id": "Leighton-Freeman Beach", "display_name": "Leighton, Freeman Beach" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Sharp", "given": "Robert P." }, "id": "Sharp-R-P", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Sharp, Robert P." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/RTYV-8D93", "abstract": "Certain phenomena of the Seward Ice Field and the Malspina Glacier as observed in the summer of 1948 are interpreted in the light of glaciologic literature.\r\n\r\nInferences on glacier regimen are drawn from accumulation and ablation measurements. The efficacy of the ablation factors is discussed and analogies are deduced by comparing ablation and meteorological data with those collected by Scandinavian glaciologists on the Vatnajokull,\r\nIceland. The meteorological factors play an overwhelmingly important part in ablation on the ma1uspina Glacier and probably retain their advantage over radiation at a higher elevation on the Seward Ice Field.\r\n\r\nDistinctions are made between indirect, internal, net end gross ablation. The formation of a glacier water table, and the incidence and dissipation of the winter cold wave on the Seward are discussed.\r\n\r\nTwo contrasting types of differential melt-depressions were noted on the Seward, inclined underwater ice wells and vertical wells not under water. Previous theories of ice- well formation are critically analyzed. The deepening of the ice wells beyond the depth at which the depression is shaded from the sun is believed to be produced by diffuse radiation, with reflected direct radiation playing a minor role. Experiments with artificial ice blocks attest to the\r\nimportance of vertical gravity settling of debris in ice wells and fail to account for the inclination of the underwater ice wells.\r\n\r\nMelt-water movement studies were undertaken during a period in July and August. The quantities of melt-water percolating through the firn were measured at various depths and are compared to the ablation record, the meteorological record, and to the time of day in this paper. There is little correlation between the daily melt-water record and the daily sunshine and ablation records. Air temperature is the most significant index of melt-water production. However, the average maximum temperature was reached between 11 and 12 A.M and the average hourly maximum melt-water collected was recorded between 5 and 6 P.M. The fact that the upper firm layers produced less water than deeper firn layers is evidently due to the greater capillary flow and less concentration of melt-water in the upper firn.\r\n\r\n" }, { "name": "Muehlberger, William Rudolf", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1949", "title": "Mode of Emplacement of the Barre Granite, Vermont", "advisor": "Jahns, Richard H.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03122010-091709885", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Muehlberger", "given": "William Rudolf" }, "id": "Muehlberger-William-Rudolf", "display_name": "Muehlberger, William Rudolf" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Jahns", "given": "Richard H." }, "id": "Jahns-R-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Jahns, Richard H." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/S31K-HT19", "abstract": "The Barre granite district, three to six miles southeast of Barre, Vermont, covers an area of less than thirty square miles. The main quarries were mapped on a scale of 200 feet to the inch, and an areal geologic map was prepared on a scale of 1500 feet to the inch.\r\n\r\nThis region is underlain by phyllites, impure limestones, impure quartzites, and calcareous mica schists of the Waits River formation, at least a portion of which is Ordovician in age. The Barre granite, probably of late Devonian age, cuts these metasedimentary rocks. It is a fine to medium-grained gray granite with two distinct phases; the earlier of these, the \"dark Barre\", occupies the southern part of the exposed granite masses; the later phase, the \"light Barre\", is slightly lighter in color, and is a comagmatic member of the sequence. It occupies the bulk of the exposed granite masses.\r\n\r\nPrevious workers have ascribed the emplacement of these plutons to forceful injection. Results of the present investigations suggest that a large portion of the space required for the pluton probably was gained by stoping \r\nprocesses. The factors which support this conclusion are: the small amount of doming in the granite, the small expansion across the schistosity, the uniformity of schistosity in the country rock, the complete removal of a large portion of the metasedimentary section by the granite, and the lack of orientation of inclusions in the granite.\r\n" }, { "name": "Agnew, Haddon Wilson", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1948", "title": "The Geology of a Part of the Ravenna Quadrangle, California", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03312010-134439659", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Agnew", "given": "Haddon Wilson" }, "id": "Agnew-Haddon-Wilson", "display_name": "Agnew, Haddon Wilson" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/2XWG-G561", "abstract": "The Ravenna quadrangle includes the easternmost part\r\nof the Ventura Basin in Los Angeles County, California and\r\ntogether with adjoining quadrangles constitutes an area of\r\nwhich little or no detailed geological work has been published. Ravenna station is situated on the Southern Pacific Railway and the present work involved the investigation of an area or about five square miles surrounding Ravenna and extending about two miles north and the same distance west of the station while at the same time including a narrow strip to the south of and paralleling the Santa Clara River. The area is readily accessible over excellent motor roads from the city of Los Angeles which lies forty to fifty miles to the southwest.\r\nBranch roads, in less excellent state of repair, lead from the main highways into the area, relatively little of\r\nwhich cannot be reached by automobile.
\r\n\r\nThe object of the present work was to obtain as much\r\ninformation as possible concerning the geological relations\r\nor a series of interbedded conglomerates and volcanic flows\r\nwhile at the same time to contribute towards the completion\r\nof a detailed study of the entire Ravenna and adjoining quadrangles.
\r\n\r\nProblems requiring solution involved principally the\r\norigin of the deposits, their geological relationships to each other, their structural features and their respective ages. All these problems have been attacked but their solution has been met with only varying degrees of success.
\r\n\r\nThe field work upon which this report is based was\r\ncarried on from March to June, 1946. A total of eighteen days was spent in the field during that period. The work was\r\ncarried out by plotting the geology directly on field maps\r\nsupplied by the California Institute of Technology. These maps had been enlarged to twice the scale from United States Topographical maps published on a scale of 2000 feet to 1 inch.
\r\n\r\nRock samples were collected and their locations plotted\r\non the map then a megascopic examination was made in the\r\noffice. No microscopic examinations were made so that the only descriptions included in this report are megascopic with the exception or certain references where noted.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Dort, Wakefield, Jr.", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1948", "title": "The Geology of a Portion of Eastern Ventura Basin, California", "advisor": "Jahns, Richard H.; Sharp, Robert P.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03152010-105757471", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Dort", "given": "Wakefield, Jr." }, "id": "Dort-Wakefield-Jr", "display_name": "Dort, Wakefield, Jr." } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Jahns", "given": "Richard H." }, "id": "Jahns-R-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Jahns, Richard H." }, { "name": { "family": "Sharp", "given": "Robert P." }, "id": "Sharp-R-P", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Sharp, Robert P." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/JB4H-2S16", "abstract": "The eastern part of the Ventura Basin has\r\naroused the interest of geologists, professionals and\r\namateurs alike, for almost one hundred years. Much of\r\nthis attention has stemmed from the discovery of small\r\ndeposits of gold, and the completion of a few producing\r\noil wells within the area. Of more academia interest\r\nare some problems presented by the stratigraphy and\r\npaleontology of the region. These questions have been\r\ndebated at length by Stirton, Maxson, Kew, Jahns, and\r\nothers. References to these discussions are provided in\r\nthe bibliography.
\r\n\r\nThe Ventura Basin is a structural trough\r\nlying in the Transverse Range division of the Coast\r\nRange province of California. As shown in Figure 1, the\r\nspecific part of the Ventura Basin discussed in this\r\nreport lies somewhat east of the center of the valley,\r\nand northeast of the town of Newhall. The area is well\r\nwithin the boundaries of Los Angeles County, and is easily accessible by US Highway 6, as well as by\r\nnumerous state and county roads. It lies 30 miles from the Los Angeles Civic Center.
\r\n\r\nThis report deals with an area of approximately\r\ntwenty-six square miles, comprising parts of the Saugus,\r\nNewhall, Sylmar and Humphries quadrangles mapped by the\r\nUnited States Geological Survey. It is essentially\r\nbounded by Bouquet, Placerita, Soledad, and Mint Canyons.\r\nThe settlements of Saugus-Pardee, Honby, Solamint,\r\nSt. Johns, and Forest Park are included within these\r\nboundaries.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Edwards, Charles DeVries", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1948", "title": "Geology of the Del Valle Area, Los Angeles County, California", "advisor": "Jahns, Richard H.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03192010-085428686", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Edwards", "given": "Charles DeVries" }, "id": "Edwards-Charles-DeVries", "display_name": "Edwards, Charles DeVries" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Jahns", "given": "Richard H." }, "id": "Jahns-R-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Jahns, Richard H." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/FRK8-F277", "abstract": "The Del Valle area is a part of an east-west synclinal \r\nbasin located near the eastern end of the Ventura Basin. It \r\nis also a part of the Transverse Range region of southern\r\nCalifornia and its structural trends are therefore predominantly east-west. The area is characterized, structurally, by folding and overthrust faulting with some minor normal faulting. The formations consist entirely of sedimentary rocks ranging in age from Miocene to Recent. Beds of the Saugus, upper and lower Pico and Repetto formations are exposed at the surface, and consist of sands, sandstones, siltstones, and shales. Local terrace sands and gravels and alluvial deposits are also present. Two productive oil fields, the Del Valle and Ramona oil fields are located within this area." }, { "name": "Hedden, Albert Henry", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1948", "title": "The Geology of the Pinyon Peak Area, East Tintic Mts., Utah. The Geology of the Upper Tick Canyon Area, Los Angeles County, California", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-08112008-141123", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Hedden", "given": "Albert Henry" }, "id": "Hedden-Albert-Henry", "display_name": "Hedden, Albert Henry" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/J6KR-Z856", "abstract": "[Part 1] The Geology of the Pinyon Peak Area, East Tintic Mountains, Utah:
\r\n\r\nIn G. F. Loughlin's report of 1919 on the Geology of the Tintic mining district, (Lindgren, Taldemar, and Loughlin, G. F., Geology and Ore Deposits of the Tintic Mining District, Utah: U. S. Geological Survey Prof. Paper 107, 1919), a new formation, the Pinyon Peak limestone, was described and tentatively assigned to Upper (?) Devonian age. This outcrop of limestone on Pinyon Peak is the only known occurrence of Devonian rocks in the Tintic mining district. The limited presence of the Pinyon Peak limestone was offered by Loughlin as evidence for the dating of a Lower Mississippian unconformity in the district....to be correlated with a suspected Lower Mississippian unconformity in other parts of Utah. Loughlin mapped the Pinyon Peak limestone as occurring below the Gardner formation (L. Miss.) and below the Victoria quartzite (L. Miss.). Loughlin found little more than five or ten feet of the Victoria ouartzite exposed on Pinyon Peak. Recent field work in the Pinyon Peak locality has disclosed that a two-hundred-foot thickness of Victoria quartzite is present on Pinyon Peak and that the Pinyon Peak limestone occurs above this formation. Several days were spent in the field in search of fossil remains in the Pinyon Peak limestone. A few poorly preserved fragments were found but nothing of diagnostic value. Attempts to locate Loughlin's original fossils have been unsuccessful.
\r\n\r\nThe author suggests, on the basis of evidence set forth in this paper, that the Pinyon Peak limestone is a limestone equivalent to a dolomitized member of the Gardner formation; that the Pinyon Peak limestone should be relegated to the status of a member of the Gardner formation; and that its age is still much in doubt.
\r\n\r\n[Part 2] The Geology of the Upper Tick Canyon Area, Los Angeles County, California:
\r\n\r\nThe upper Tick Canyon area is in the northwest quarter of Los Angeles County, California. Within this area at least 5000 feet of Oligocene (?) Vasquez sediments and interlayered basaltic lavas is faulted against an undetermined thickness of pre-Cretaceous gneisses and is overlain unconformably by Tick Canyon elastic sediments of probable late lower Miocene age.
\r\n\r\nThe Vasquez sediments exposed in the upper Tick Canyon area are composed of cobble and boulder conglomerates, sandstones, siltstones, shales, tuffs, borate-bearing beds, and volcanic ash beds. The nature of the sediments strongly suggests fluviatile and lacustrine deposition in a continental basin under semi-arid to arid climatic conditions. The presence of four distinct flows of lava totaling at least 2300 feet indicates that Vasquez time was a period of active volcanism in this part of Southern California.
\r\n\r\nStructurally the mapped area consists of a west-plunging syncline of Vasquez rocks faulted against the up thrown block of pre-Cretaceous gneisses to the north. Beds on the north limb of this fold dip vertically. Two minor anticlinal flexures occur in the synclinal trough which is further complicated by several major oblique slip faults of northeast trend. Measurable horizontal components of movement along these faults range from a few hundred to at least 1200 feet.
\r\n\r\nIn interpreting the geologic history of the region, previous investigators have suggested that the Vasquez sediments and lavas probably accumulated during early or early middle Tertiary in an east trending, canoe-shaped basin that was defined by block faulting in Mocene or early Oligocene time.
\r\n\r\nThe soft and relatively fine-grained Vasquez sediments in the upper Tick Canyon area responded to the compressional stresses exerted at the end of Vasquez time by folding to a much greater degree than the predominately coarser beds elsewhere in the region. Yielding also occurred along faults with an oblique-slip movement. Uplift and erosion at the end of the post-Vasquez orogeny was followed by the deposition of Tick Canyon terrestrial sediments, chiefly; conglomerates, sandstones, and silts.
\r\n\r\nThe presence of several levels of terrace gravels suggests a number of periods of uplift during Quarternary time in the Tick Canyon Area. At present, the region is being eroded by rejuvenated streams, which have developed a local topographic relief of approximately 1000 feet.
\r\n" }, { "name": "MacNeill, Robert John", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1948", "title": "Geology of the Humphreys Station area, Los Angeles County, California", "advisor": "Jahns, Richard H.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03172010-091444658", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "MacNeill", "given": "Robert John" }, "id": "MacNeill-Robert-John", "display_name": "MacNeill, Robert John" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Jahns", "given": "Richard H." }, "id": "Jahns-R-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Jahns, Richard H." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/32PJ-FV32", "abstract": "Six formations of Tertiary and Quaternary Age are present south of the Santa Clara River in the Easternmost Ventura Basin.\r\n\r\nThe upper Miocene non-marine Mint Canyon formation is successively overlain by the uppermost Miocene marine \"Modelo\" formation, the lower Pliocene marine Pico formation, the Pliocene-Pleistocene non-marine Saugus formation, and by Pleistocene terrace deposits and Recent alluvium. Angular unconformities characterize most of the boundaries between these formations, but disconformable relationships appear to exist locally.\r\n\r\nAs a result of two or more major periods of deformation, the rocks are highly folded, with broken anticlines and dips that vary from horizontal to vertical. Overturning occurs at least at one place. Compressive stresses from the north appear to have been the most active agents of deformation; but the block-type San Gabriel fault, which runs through the Southern part of the Humphreys Station area, may have had some tilting effect upon the beds throughout this whole region.\r\n\r\nIn general, the structural trend is northwest-southeast. Broad folds in the Mint Canyon formation plunge northwestward at low to moderate angles. Post-Modelo thrusting from the north has developed minor folds on the limbs of the major folds. Superimposed on the highly folded formations are the later formations, themselves slightly folded.\r\n\r\nAs a result of Quaternary erosion, the topography is one of late youth early maturity; with maximum relief in the mapped area of about 1000 feet." }, { "name": "Moore, Return Francis", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1948", "title": "Geology of the Pre-Cretaceous Rocks in a Portion of the Santa Ana Mountains", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03122010-110012207", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Moore", "given": "Return Francis" }, "id": "Moore-Return-Francis", "display_name": "Moore, Return Francis" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/VXTN-GP18", "abstract": "The Santa Ana Mountains, a northern extension of the\r\nPenninsular Range, lie between the Elsinore Trough on the \r\nEast and the coastal plain on the West. The area concerned \r\nin this investigation is in a northern part of the range in \r\nOrange County, California. Both igneous and metasedimentary \r\nrocks are present. Metasediments include the Santa Ana formation, which has been subdivided into two members, and the Hough formation. The oldest rocks have been dated as Triassic. Unconformably overlying the Santa Ana is the Hough formation which is believed to be Jurassic in age. Igneous rocks of pre-Upper Cretaceous age are intruded into the meta-sediments and are largely responsible for their metamorphism. Overlapping the metasediments from the west are Cretaceous rocks, the basal unit of which is the Trabuco formation.\r\n\r\nStructurally the Santa Ana Mountains resemble the Sierra\r\nNevada, but on a smaller scale. They are essentially a tilted fault block. The older sediments were contorted into broad open folds late in Triassic time, but subsequent to this there has been little folding of consequence. Uplift of the east face of the mountains along the Elsinore fault occurred early in the Tertiary and has continued spasmodically up to the present. Later in the Tertiary there was normal faulting within the area which displaced Cretaceous and Triassic rocks.\r\n" }, { "name": "Shoemaker, Eugene Merle", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1948", "title": "Petrology of the Hopewell Series in the Ojo Caliente of New Mexico", "advisor": "Jahns, Richard H.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-06282004-155653", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Shoemaker", "given": "Eugene Merle" }, "id": "Shoemaker-Eugene-Merle", "display_name": "Shoemaker, Eugene Merle" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Jahns", "given": "Richard H." }, "id": "Jahns-R-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Jahns, Richard H." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/N5RS-WN61", "abstract": "The Hopewell series is a group of pre-Cambrian metamorphic rocks exposed in the Picuris, Petaca, and Ojo Caliente districts of northern New Mexico. In the Ojo Caliente district these and other pre-Cambrian rocks are exposed in an elongate inlier in the surrounding Tertiary strata. This inlier represents a low mountain or monadnock on an early Tertiary erosion surface.\r\n\r\nThe Hopewell series has been divided into two phases, the Picuris basalt and a series of metasedimentary rocks. Both general rock types show a well defined sequence of metamorphic degree, but the variation of metamorphic degree is roughly bedding controled. The highest degree of metamorphism noted in the area is correlative with the sillimanite zone.\r\n\r\nIn type, the metamorphic processes involved could be classed as normal regional metamorphism, which includes a certain amount of metasomatism. From the evidence in the Ojo Caliente district it seems probable that the processes of normal regional metamorphism were carried out in large part under the influence of hydrothermal solutions.\r\n" }, { "name": "Smith, Raymond James", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1948", "title": "Geology of Portions of the Humphreys and Sylmar Quadrangles", "advisor": "Jahns, Richard H.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03162010-083524702", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Smith", "given": "Raymond James" }, "id": "Smith-Raymond-James", "display_name": "Smith, Raymond James" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Jahns", "given": "Richard H." }, "id": "Jahns-R-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Jahns, Richard H." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/CVCZ-CB42", "abstract": "The portions of the Sylmar and Humphreys Quadrangles \r\nstudied consist of Jurassic? \"basement complex\" and sediments of Pliocene age and younger. These are brought \r\ntogether along the San Gabriel fault. The Tertiary sediments comprise the Mint Canyon formation, the Modelo \r\nformation, the Pico formation, the Saugus formation, and \r\nQuaternary terrace and alluvial material. These are \r\nlisted in order of decreasing age. All the contacts between the various sedimentary formations are unconformable.\r\n\r\nThe Miooene formations are highly folded and faulted, and a large vertical fault displaces upper miocene beds. The Pliocene and younger formations also are folded, but \r\nto only a minor degree.\r\n\r\nThe abundance of shale in the Tertiary section makes the region one of numerous landslides. In addition, unusual erosive action and succession of units has resulted \r\nin the carving out of a small-scale natural bridge.\r\n\r\nThere is no production of economic materials from the area at the present time, but the possibilities of petroleum development are now being given serious consideration.\r\n" }, { "name": "Buffington, Edwin Conger", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1947", "title": "An Invertebrate Fauna from the \"Modelo\" of Dry Canyon, Los Angeles County, California", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03312010-112652744", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Buffington", "given": "Edwin Conger" }, "id": "Buffington-Edwin-Conger", "display_name": "Buffington, Edwin Conger" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/AE2T-1459", "abstract": "The age of the Mint Canyon formation and it's stratigraphic relationships with the marine \"Modelo\" formation immediately overlying it have caused much discussion in recent years. Age determinations resulting from studies of vertebrate faunas collected from the Mint Canyon and invertebrate faunas collected from the \"Modelo\" differ considerably. The value of the equid genus Hipparion, as an index to the lower Pliocene, has been questioned.\r\n\r\nAn investigation, the results of which are embodied in this paper, included the collection of an invertebrate fauna from the \"Modelo\", the measurement of a detailed columnar section, and a comparison and evaluation of the fossils found. Three new species are described and 26 others are recorded.\r\n\r\nA lower Neroly age (uppermost Miocene) is assigned to the \"Modelo.\"" }, { "name": "Edmundson, James Wiliam", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1947", "title": "A Study of the Subsurface Conditions Prevailing in the Newhall-Potrero Oil Field", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:04272010-094146381", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Edmundson", "given": "James Wiliam" }, "id": "Edmundson-James-Wiliam", "display_name": "Edmundson, James Wiliam" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/M479-4913", "abstract": "The Newhall-Potrero Oil Field is a long, narrow, asymmetrical anti line whose longitudinal axis trends northwest-southeast. From a critical examination of many of the electric logs of the field, it is apparent that lensing of sands thickening and thinning of both sands and shales, and rapid facies changes are prevalent throughout the field. Several of the oil sands in the Miocene either lens out or die out due to facies changes toward the southeast. Two faults of major displacement are well shown in the logs of four wells, with other faulting probably occurring.\r\nA stratigraphic correlation chart is presented to illustrate the rapid lithologic changes which prevail in the field.\r\n\r\n\tThe Newhall-Potrero anticline is exposed on the surface in the hills north of the Potrero, but seams to die out to the southeast.\tThe rocks encountered at depth in the wells of the\r\nNewhall-Potrero field outcrop to the south, but no ecru ate correlations between the surface exposures and the well logs were possible.\r\n" }, { "name": "Martin, Joseph Stewart", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1947", "title": "Geology of the Dry Canyon Area in the Eastern Section of the Ventura Basin, California", "advisor": "Jahns, Richard H.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03122010-145552970", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Martin", "given": "Joseph Stewart" }, "id": "Martin-Joseph-Stewart", "display_name": "Martin, Joseph Stewart" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Jahns", "given": "Richard H." }, "id": "Jahns-R-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Jahns, Richard H." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/1AY6-7Y04", "abstract": "The Dry Canyon area is located in the eastern section of the Ventura Basin in northwestern Los Angeles County California.\r\n\r\nThe following problems confronted the writer in this area: (1) the relationships between the marine and the non-marine sediments of the basin (2) the general stratigraphy (3) the faulting along the base of the Sierra Pelona mountain, range which borders the basin on the north.\r\n\r\nThree Tertiary sedimentary formations are exposed in the area. The Saugus and the Mint Canyon are non-marine formations. The third formation is the Modelo which is the only marine strata exposed north of the Santa Clara River in this section of the Ventura Basin.\r\n\r\nThere is an unconformity between each pair of formations. The unconformity between the Modelo and the Mint Canyon is the most distinct.\r\n\r\nThe Modelo is much thicker in this area than the Modelo section further east in the basins, but the Mint Canyon is about half as thick as it is to the east.\r\n\r\nThere is moderate folding in the area. A major anticline, in which the stratigraphic sequence is exposed, plunges to the west from Haskell Canyon. The general of the axes of the folds in the sediments is in an east-west direction.\r\n\r\nThere is a rift zone along the basin edge of the Sierra Pelona Ridge which borders the area to the north. The faults in this zone range in dip from 20 to almost 90 degrees. The fault is normal in character and consists of a series of faults and is not a single fault.\r\n\r\nThe fault has cut off several thousand feet of the Mint Canyon formation and older sedimentary formations.\r\n" }, { "name": "Menard, Henry William", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1947", "title": "Geology of the Agua Dulce Canyon area, Los Angeles County, California", "advisor": "Jahns, Richard H.; Maxson, John H.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03122010-144603672", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Menard", "given": "Henry William" }, "id": "Menard-Henry-William", "display_name": "Menard, Henry William" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Jahns", "given": "Richard H." }, "id": "Jahns-R-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Jahns, Richard H." }, { "name": { "family": "Maxson", "given": "John H." }, "id": "Maxson-J-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Maxson, John H." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/K8WG-ES91", "abstract": "The Agua Dulce Canyon area is in the northwest quarter of Los Angeles County, California. Within it are exposed 4000 feet of the Oligocene (?) Vasquez series and 1400 feet of the Miocene Tick Canyon formation. These are clastic sedimentary rocks distinguished by their unusual coarseness.\r\n\r\nThe Vasquez series is composed of sandstones and conglomerates, with some siltstone at the top of the section. These were deposited in a narrow continental basin that drained to the west, and were deprived from neighboring highlands to north, south, and east. Most appear to have been laid down in the form of alluvial fans or piedmont alluvial plains. A 3000 foot section of anorthosite-rich conglomerates, here referred doubtfully to the Vasquez series, is exposed in a fault block in the south part of the area.\r\n\r\nThe Tick Canyon formation lies unconformably above the Vasquez series. Only its basal parts are exposed within the Agua Dulce Canyon area. Those consist wholly of conglomerate beds, the lowest of which contain numerous cobbles derived from lavas of the Vasquez series.\r\n\r\nQuaternary gravels form a maximum of thirty feet of terrace capping, and also fill Pleistocene and Recent stream channels.\r\n\r\nTwo groups of faults cut the Tertiary sediments. Those are located within the area as follows: the Soledad fault is near the southern border, the Burke fault and Little Escondido fault are in the southeast corner, the Bee Canyon fault and Escondido fault are in the center, and the Green Ranch fault is in the northwest corner. The Soledad fault and Bee Canyon fault are older than the others, which are on echelon faults. Vertical movement has been predominant.\r\n\r\nA gentle syncline trending northeast-southwest folds Vasquez and Tick Canyon rocks in the northern half of the area.\r\n\r\nA subdued erosion surface existed in Quaternary time. Remnants can now be seen near the northern border of the area. Well developed stream terraces in Agua Dulce Canyon were contemporaneous with this surface. It is now being dissected by rejuvenated streams." }, { "name": "White, Robert Carleton", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1947", "title": "Age of the \"Modelo\" in Haskell Canyon, Easternmost Ventura Basin, California", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03162010-080844756", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "White", "given": "Robert Carleton" }, "id": "White-Robert-Carleton", "display_name": "White, Robert Carleton" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/4G01-TX96", "abstract": "An invertebrate fauna from the \"Modelo\" formation in Haskell Canyon, easternmost portion of the Ventura Basin California is listed and discussed. An Upper Miocene age, Neroly stage, is assigned to the fauna on the basis of Astrodapsis cf. tumidus, Astrodapsis of. whitneyi, Pecten \r\n(Lyropecten) crassicardo, Turritella carrisaensis, Pecten (Aequipecten) discus, and Ostrea titan s.s. The Haskell Canyon fauna is correlated with the Santa Margarita s.s. and the Neroly formation of the San Pablo Group, and is shown to be older than the Jacalitos and the Elmere Canyon \r\nfaunas. A new species of Anadara is described.\r\n" }, { "name": "Holser, William Thomas", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1946", "title": "Geology of the Mint Canyon Area, Los Angeles County, California", "advisor": "Maxson, John H.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03102010-095022881", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Holser", "given": "William Thomas" }, "id": "Holser-William-Thomas", "display_name": "Holser, William Thomas" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Maxson", "given": "John H." }, "id": "Maxson-J-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Maxson, John H." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/J528-VK62", "abstract": "The area described covers approximately ten square miles\r\nin the Lang and Humphreys quadrangles, twenty-seven miles northwest of Pasadena. It comprises part of the drainage of Mint Canyon immediately southeast of the area previously described by R. H. Jahns, and continues eastward across Tick Canyon, west of an area previously described by R. P. Sharp.\r\n\r\nA series of pre-Cretaceous gneisses outcrops in the northern part of the area as an uplifted fault block. Immediately to the south of the fault lies the Vasquez series, of doubtful Oligocene age. In this area, it is composed of two sections of coarse, colorful sandstones and gypsiferous shales, alternated with two thick flows of basaltic lava, the total thickness being about 3000 feet. Unconformably overlying the upper lava flow is the Miocene series. This series was deposited in a broad basin. The initial basinward dips have been accentuated by slight folding at a later date. The lower part of this series was named the Tick Canyon formation by Jahns. He described a section west of Mint Canyon, unconformably resting on the basin complex, which pinched out eastward. In this paper, the Tick Canyon formation is described from a section\r\nmeasured in Tick Canyon. The map shows that it does not entirely disappear at any point, east of Jahns' area, except where it is cut off by a series of strike slip cross faults. The Tick Canyon formation is principally composed of green sandstones, reddish siltstones, and some conglomerates, with a total thickness of over 1000 feet. Overlying the Tick Canyon formation is the Mint Canyon formation; however, no clear evidence could be found in this area for an unconformity between the two formations, as reported by Jahns. The Mint Canyon formation is composed of continental deposits: light colored pebble to boulder conglomerates roughly interbedded with light sandstones and reddish siltstones. The total thickness of the Mint Canyon formation outcropping in the area mapped is about 3500 feet. The section is thicker than that in the area mapped by Jahns, possibly because it received coarser sediments more rapidly near the margin of the basin. A Pleistocene erosion surface, with accompanying terraces is shown on a separate map.\r\n\r\nThere is a normal fault of large but unknown displacement between the Tertiary sediments and the metamorphic complex. Several branches of this fault run into the sediments, but gradually die out to the southwest in the Mint Canyon formation. The largest branch, which causes a considerable horizontal displacement of the sediments at its northern end (west of Mint Canyon), gradually decreases in displacement to the southwest where it passes into an anticline. There are a number of northwest trending, normal, cross faults of relatively minor importance. Accelerated uplift of the San Gabriel mountains in late Miocene time is indicated by the increasing dominance of San Gabriel intrusive material in the upper members of the Mint Canyon formation. Middle Pleistocene uplift of the whole area is indicated by the stream terraces, but there is no evidence of recent faulting in this particular area.\r\n" }, { "name": "Lance, John Franklin", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1946", "title": "Evidence of Termites in the Pleistocene Asphalt of Carpinteria, California", "advisor": "Stock, Chester", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:02262010-112743532", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Lance", "given": "John Franklin" }, "id": "Lance-John-Franklin", "display_name": "Lance, John Franklin" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Stock", "given": "Chester" }, "id": "Stock-C", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Stock, Chester" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/0C85-8482", "abstract": "Fossilized fecal pellets of termites are found in pine wood preserved in the Pleistocene Carpinteria asphalt deposits, Santa Barbara County, California. Both pellets and wood are thoroughly impregnated by tar. This material is associated with characteristic plant remains found in the Carpinteria asphalt. The pellets resemble in size and shape those of the modern termites, Kalotermes minor and Zootermopsis angusticollis or Z. nevadensis. The distribution of these species today includes the Monterey peninsula. Here a living Monterey forest assemblage of plants closely resembles that which existed in and about the Carpinteria asphalt accumulation during the Pleistocene.\r\n" }, { "name": "Nigra, John Oscar", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1946", "title": "A Statistical Study of the Metapodials of the Dire Wolf from the Pleistocene of Rancho La Brea", "advisor": "Stock, Chester", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:02262010-112429311", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Nigra", "given": "John Oscar" }, "id": "Nigra-John-Oscar", "display_name": "Nigra, John Oscar" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Stock", "given": "Chester" }, "id": "Stock-C", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Stock, Chester" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/N245-ER21", "abstract": "Although many features of the Rancho La Brea Pleistocene asphalt deposits are well known to every student of paleontology, much material has remained virtually untouched or has received very little study since the time of the excavation. This is unfortunate, since the large numbers of individuals of certain forms offer opportunities for faunal studies rarely found when dealing with fossil collections. A striking example is furnished by the remains of dire wolves representing more than a thousand individuals." }, { "name": "Carlson, Harry William", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1945", "title": "Geology of the Elysian Park-Silver Lake District, Los Angeles County, California", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03302010-094347960", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Carlson", "given": "Harry William" }, "id": "Carlson-Harry-William", "display_name": "Carlson, Harry William" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/EW10-9226", "abstract": "This is a report on the general geology of the Elysian Park-Silver lake district; a six square mile tract of hilly country lying just north of the city of Los Angeles.\r\n\r\nThe rock units present are granitio bedrock of Jurassic(?) \r\nage, sediments of Tertiary age and Quaternary alluvium. The bedrock is a granodiorite; the Tertiary beds which are divided into the Topanga of middle Miocene and Modelo of upper Miocene ages are made up of sandstone and shale; and the Quaternary alluvium consists of reworked Tertiary and granitic bedrock detritus.\r\n\r\nThe main structural feature over most of the area is a wide \r\neast-west anticline. A few extensive faults and a great many minor faults occur, all of which dip at a high angle.\r\n\r\nThe geologic history of the area began with the intrusion of the granitic bedrock. The area was then extensively eroded exposing the bedrock to the surface. Then followed the unconformable deposition of the Topanga formation, followed by folding and faulting. Later unconformable deposition of the Modelo occurred, followed by more folding and faulting. There is a time break between upper Miocene and upper Pleistocene in sedimentation. In upper \r\nPleistocene time alluvial fans were deposited over the northern part but later partially eroded off to give present landscape.\r\n" }, { "name": "Cebeci, Ahmet", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1944", "title": "A Study of Quartz Deposits Near Highway Highlands, Los Angeles County, California", "advisor": "Campbell, Ian", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03312010-113756574", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Cebeci", "given": "Ahmet" }, "id": "Cebeci-Ahmet", "display_name": "Cebeci, Ahmet" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Campbell", "given": "Ian" }, "id": "Campbell-I", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Campbell, Ian" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/MFZR-NZ87", "abstract": "Several quartz deposits in the vicinity of Highlands, Los Angeles County, California, were studied in the field, and their relations to the adjoining formations were determined. Oriented specimens were taken from the area, and twenty thin sections were made from them. By the study of these thin sections and the field work, it was determined that these quartz deposits were quartzites. Metamorphism was dynamic, and the intensity of it was high.\r\n" }, { "name": "Fillippone, Walter Ross", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1944", "title": "Investigation of the Alaskan Earthquake of May 4, 1934", "advisor": "Gutenberg, Beno", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03312010-142759917", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Fillippone", "given": "Walter Ross" }, "id": "Fillippone-Walter-Ross", "display_name": "Fillippone, Walter Ross" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Gutenberg", "given": "Beno" }, "id": "Gutenberg-B", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Gutenberg, Beno" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/HZ0X-MM45", "abstract": "The shock investigated occurred on May 4, 1934 at 4h. 36m. 10s. The epicenter given in The International Seismological Summary for 1934 is 61.5 degrees north latitude, 147.5 degrees west longitude and the probably error of the epicenter is \u00b1 0.21 degrees.
\r\n\r\nThe procedure of investigation consisted of using the S-P interval to find the origin time and subtracting the mean from the given times of P. However, when the residuals of given distance minus calculated distance was plotted against the azimuth, the resulting sine curve was displaced from the zero residual by three (3) seconds, indicating an incorrect origin time. A second origin time, 0 = zero, was calculated from the equation, 0 = (pP+P)/2 \u2013 (t_p+c), and the residuals plotted. The resulting curve was symmetric to the zero residual line and showed the epicenter to be 0.3 degrees to the south of its given location.
\r\n\r\nThe depth of focus was determined from the intervals of pP-P, sP-P, sS-S, PcP-P, and ScS-S, each interpolated from the corresponding tables in the reference papers.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Silgado Ferro, Enrique", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1944", "title": "The Partition of Amplitudes for an SV-Wave by Zoeppritz's Method", "advisor": "Gutenberg, Beno", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:04022010-153549972", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Silgado Ferro", "given": "Enrique" }, "id": "Silgado-Ferro-Enrique", "display_name": "Silgado Ferro, Enrique" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Gutenberg", "given": "Beno" }, "id": "Gutenberg-B", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Gutenberg, Beno" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/TE6G-AW85", "abstract": "Our problem is to find the amplitude ratios under specific boundary conditions. First, let us deduce the relations between the different amplitudes in the usual manner (Macelwane 1.). We are dealing with plane waves in isotropic media and the boundary surface between both media is a plane. The energy of the incident wave is partitioned among the generated waves." }, { "name": "Y\u00fcng\u00fcl, Sulhi", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1944", "title": "Magnetic Survey of the San Gabriel Wash", "advisor": "Potapenko, Gennady W.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:04012010-150324264", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Y\u00fcng\u00fcl", "given": "Sulhi" }, "id": "Y\u00fcng\u00fcl-Sulhi", "display_name": "Y\u00fcng\u00fcl, Sulhi" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Potapenko", "given": "Gennady W." }, "id": "Potapenko-G-W", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Potapenko, Gennady W." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/N0GY-7Q46", "abstract": "As a partial fulfillment of the requirements in obtaining a degree of Master of Science in Geological Sciences at the California Institute of Technology, the writer was given the task of writing a thesis on the following subject: \u201cMagnetic Survey and interpretation of the results over the San Gabriel wash.\u201d
\r\n\r\nThe area is between Monrovia and Azusa, two miles west of Azusa. It is accessible by several roads branching from Foothill Boulevard (U.S. Highway 66) running east and west, passing through Monrovia and Azusa. One of them is the Las Lomas Road going north along the west bank; the other one is an oiled road going to the Cyanide Company plant and continuing as a dirt road along the east bank. The upper part of the wash and the canyon itself can be reached by the State Highway 39 running northward from Azusa. From this road several dirt roads branch out.
\r\n\r\nThe wash is too large to make a detailed survey in a short time. Thus, the work done is more or less a reconnaissance survey. It is surrounded by farms, the Cyanide Company plant, private properties and impenetrable jungle-like areas, so that it has not been possible to take readings anywhere. Another disadvantage is that the running water is controlled by the dam, and sometimes it cannot be crossed, due to abundance and speed of water. Big granite boulders covering the whole wash constitute still another disadvantage, making tripod setting very difficult.
\r\n\r\nThe work was carried on under the directions of Dr. G.W. Potapenko, Associate Professor of Physics, whose assistance is gratefully acknowledged by the writer.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Akman, Mustafa Seyfettin", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1943", "title": "A Map Area South of Spadra, Two and One Half Miles Southwest of Pomona, California", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03042010-110602561", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Akman", "given": "Mustafa Seyfettin" }, "id": "Akman-Mustafa-Seyfettin", "display_name": "Akman, Mustafa Seyfettin" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/9Z3S-ZG54", "abstract": "The area under investigation is in the southeast corner of the Pomona quadrangle, Los Angeles County, California. It lies at the extreme north of the Puente Hills. It can be reached by the new Pomona-Brea canyon highway which cuts the map area almost in two, north and south, and is two and one half miles south-west of Pomona, California. Since these hills stand right up from the surrounding alluvium, they can be seen from a distance of at least five miles from any state highway running in and by Pomona.
\r\n\r\nThe area described in detail is approximately 3850 feet east-west by 5000 feet north-south.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Daleon, Benjamin Angel", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1943", "title": "Some Philippine Upper Tertiary Foraminera", "advisor": "Stock, Chester", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03042010-131530656", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Daleon", "given": "Benjamin Angel" }, "id": "Daleon-Benjamin-Angel", "display_name": "Daleon, Benjamin Angel" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Stock", "given": "Chester" }, "id": "Stock-C", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Stock, Chester" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/Y9DE-TX41", "abstract": "A geological reconnaissance for oil was started by the Philippine Commonwealth on the spring of 1929, which yielded a good collection of foraminifera. Since very little work had been done on the paleontology and stratigraphy of the Philippines previous to this survey only meager information could be obtained from literature. Consequently, a tentative check list had to he set up as types for the biostratigraphy of the islands. Because of the economic nature of the survey, however, the time-consuming specific identification of the foraminifera was not attempted. Instead a generic identification with tentative species number was utilized and found sufficient for internal correlation. It is evident that a subsequent specific identification is necessary in order to give an interregional significance to the sections and localities where these foraminifera were obtained. Here such a task has been attempted in so far as the facilities at hand would permit.
\r\n\r\nThe foraminifera used here came from the upper tertiary biostratigraphic section in Panay Island, Philippines. The lower limit was obtained by correlation of the associated orbitoids with the better known faunas in the Nederlands East Indies to which they are apparently related. Their upper limit, on the other hand was tied in through the associated mollusks.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Dehlinger, Peter", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1943", "title": "A Magnetic Survey of Sand Canyon for Placer Deposits, San Gabriel Mountains, California", "advisor": "Potapenko, Gennady W.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03052010-085246594", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Dehlinger", "given": "Peter" }, "id": "Dehlinger-Peter", "display_name": "Dehlinger, Peter" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Potapenko", "given": "Gennady W." }, "id": "Potapenko-G-W", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Potapenko, Gennady W." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/CPV2-4136", "abstract": "A magnetic survey was made in Sand Canyon, which \r\nis in the northwestern part of the San Gabriel Mountains, \r\nthe object being to locate possible placer deposits. The \r\nbedrock in this area is an iron rich igneous rock which \r\nhas been intruded by numerous dikes. The stream gravels\r\nconsist of large boulders interspersed with highly magnetic \r\nsands.\r\n\r\nOver 200 stations were involved in the survey in which vertical magnetic intensity was measured using a Schmidt-type vertical magnetometer. Magnetic anomalies found were\r\nso large that all instrument corrections were ignored.\r\n\r\nResults of the survey show that the magnetic intensity readings are due to both the basement and the gravels, though the gravels have a greater effect. The location of the largest anomalies, thus the most probable placers, is at the eastern end of the area. Downstream from this site the intensity decreases rather uniformly; upstream it decreases very sharply where the canyon narrows suddenly. Geologically, this is the expected picture. It is thought that a fault has been located, which strikes up the canyon, but this has not been confirmed by surface evidence.\r\n\r\nData and profiles of the traverses, and a detailed map of the magnetic intensities of the region are included in this paper.\r\n" }, { "name": "Ergin, Kazim", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1943", "title": "Improved Epicentres of Earthquakes in Turkey", "advisor": "Gutenberg, Beno", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03052010-085006780", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Ergin", "given": "Kazim" }, "id": "Ergin-Kazim", "display_name": "Ergin, Kazim" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Gutenberg", "given": "Beno" }, "id": "Gutenberg-B", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Gutenberg, Beno" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/6XBY-XX41", "abstract": "The epicentres and origin times of the earthquakes from 1912 to 1939 in Turkey and Agean Sea covering a region between 24-44 E. longitudes and 34-42 N. latitudes are improved and plotted on a map. Data for 55 shocks of 1927-1934 inclusive were revised by the writer. The origin times and locations given in the \"International Seismological Summary\", improved origin times and epicentres, as well as\r\ncorrection curves are listed on pages 7-31. In addition\r\nto these 55 shocks, 14 shocks (1912-1939) were taken from the \"Seismicity of the Earth\u201d (1) and 2 shocks from W. Salomon-Calvi (2). These 16 shocks are listed on page 6. The faults drawn on the to map are according to A. Sieberg (3).\r\n" }, { "name": "Greenwood, Robert", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1943", "title": "Geology of the Sugar Pine Area, Madera County, California", "advisor": "Fraser, Horace J.; Campbell, Ian", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03312010-140105733", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Greenwood", "given": "Robert" }, "id": "Greenwood-Robert", "display_name": "Greenwood, Robert" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Fraser", "given": "Horace J." }, "id": "Fraser-H-J", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Fraser, Horace J." }, { "name": { "family": "Campbell", "given": "Ian" }, "id": "Campbell-I", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Campbell, Ian" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/SWC4-F244", "abstract": "The Sugar Pine area includes nine square miles in northern Madera County, on the western slope of the Sierra Nevada.\r\n\r\nIntrusive rocks of the Sierra batholith surround a central roof pendant and associated minor bodies of strongly folded and metamorphosed Paleozoic sediments. The main mass of the intrusive is tonalite, petrogaphically notable for the selective albitization of its potash feldspar. It contains an abundance of diorite and gabbro and many small pegmatite and aplite dikes complete the Jurassic intrusive sequence.\r\n\r\nThe metamorphic rocks are mainly quartzite, with some schist and calcareous beds, the last giving rise to three distinct metamorphic rock types. The margin of the pendant is locally marked by a zone of partial assimilation and reconstitution.\r\n\r\nPost-Jurrasic fracturing, perhaps involving some displacement, serves as structural control for several\r\nsprings in the area.\r\n\r\nTungsten mineralization is associated with one of two large pegmatites intruding the central pendant. Scheelite occurs disseminated in lenses of tactite, a restricted facies of the metamorphosed calcareous beds. Some tactite lenses carry over one per cent of scheelite, but small total volume of ore makes the exploitation of the deposit impractical." }, { "name": "Pray, Lloyd Charles", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1943", "title": "Studies of Certain Sierran Concrete Aggregates", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:11292017-145338173", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Pray", "given": "Lloyd Charles" }, "id": "Pray-Lloyd-Charles", "display_name": "Pray, Lloyd Charles" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/E9SB-GK32", "abstract": "The purpose of this investigation has been to understand\r\nmore fully the behavior of certain Sierran rocks when used as\r\nconcrete aggregate. The granodioritic aggregate used in the\r\nconstruction of the Florence Lake Dam was selected for detailed\r\nexamination.
\r\n\r\nTwo lines of attack to this problem have been followed.\r\nThe aggregate was quantitatively separated into rock types,\r\nand these were then studied petrographically to determine the\r\nmineralogical composition, with particular emphasis being\r\nplaced on the alteration products present in the rocks. The\r\nother phase of the investigation was the separation of the\r\naggregate into its major mineral constitutents, in order to\r\ntest the behavior of these isolated constituents as aggregate\r\nin mortar bars. Since the length changes of the mortar bars\r\nare to be observed over a two year period, only preliminary\r\nresults can be reported at this time.
\r\n\r\nOn the basis of the known behavior of minerals, the only\r\nconstituent present in the granodioritic aggregate which might\r\nbe suspected of causing trouble is a zeolite, a hydrous sodium\r\nand/or calcium aluminum silicate. The peculiar property of\r\nbase exchange whereby the sodium or calcium content of the\r\nmolecule may be easily exchanged for the other element is\r\nworthy of attention in a problem as intimately connected with\r\nalkali content as are many concrete failures. The bulk\r\npercentage of this hydration product of plagioclase feldspar is\r\ncertainly not more than several per cent of the aggregate.
\r\n\r\nTo separate the mineral constitutents of the Florence\r\nLake Dam aggregate, about 500 pounds of fresh appearing rock\r\nwas milled. Combinations of the separatory processes of sizing,\r\ntabling, magnetic concentration, and heavy liquid concentration\r\nyielded the following mineral concentrates:
\r\n\r\nPotash feldspar - 97 per cent purity
\r\n\r\nQuartz - plagioclase - 53 and 43 per cent respectively, yielding\r\na combined purity of 96 per cent
\r\n\r\nBiotite - 96 per cent purity
\r\n\r\nHornblende - 98 per cent purity
\r\n\r\nMagnetite - 98 per cent purity
\r\n\r\nSphene, spatite, and zircon - 89, 5, and 4 per cent respectively,\r\nyielding a combined purity of 98 per cent
\r\n\r\nThese concentrates, mixed with different amounts of inert\r\nquartz, were used as aggregate for mortar test bars. Each\r\naggregate mixture was fabricated with high and low alkali\r\ncements, and triplicate bars made for each condition. The mortar\r\ntest bars are as follows:
\r\n\r\nRefer to PDF for table
\r\n\r\nAll bars are curing at a temperature of 100\u00b0 F. in a sealed\r\nchamber containing moisture. Length measurements to 0.001 mm.\r\nwere made at weekly intervals for the first month, and then\r\nthe interval increased to one month. In June 1943 the bars\r\nrange in age from one to four months.
\r\n\r\nSo far, none of the bars made from granodioritic materials\r\nhas shown excessive expansion, or even significant expansion.\r\nThe highest expansion so far with these materials is about 0.04\r\nper cent, as contrasted to an expansion of 0.22 per cent for\r\nthe high alkali cement and siliceous magnesian limestone\r\naggregate. Graphs have been made recording all expansions of the \r\n200 bars up to June 3, 1943.
\r\n\r\nRECOMMENDATIONS
\r\n\r\n1. The length measurement program should be continued as\r\nplanned for the full two years. The monthly measurement\r\ninterval might be increased to two months if all the\r\nexpansion-age curves flatten out in time.
\r\n\r\n2. If possible, restrict the usage of granodioritic aggregates\r\nin the Big Creek area until the results of the current\r\ntesting program are known. If necessary to use any of these aggregates,\r\nselect only the freshest rock types, and reject the fines resulting\r\nfrom crushing the aggregate.
\r\n\r\n3. The behavior of the zeolite found in minor quantities at \r\nthe Florence Lake Dam aggregate stock pile should be tested\r\nby using it as aggregate for mortar test bars. The only\r\nway to achieve a concentration of this mineral is by hand picking\r\nsome of the remaining aggregate for rock fragments\r\ncontaining veinlets of this light salmon colored mineral.\r\nOne of these fragments is submitted with this report. Careful\r\nchipping of the rock fragments should yield a concentrate\r\nwith at least 10 per cent of the zeolite. Crush this 10 - 10 mesh and mix with different\r\namounts of inert quartz to yield three aggregate mixtures with a zeolite content of\r\n1, 5, and 10 per cent. Fabricate each aggregate mixture\r\nwith a high and a low alkali cement.
\r\n\r\nShould the zeolite prove to be the deleterious constituent\r\nof the aggregate, a quantitative determination of this\r\nmineral in future aggregate would be invaluable. The base exchange\r\nproperty of zeolites is utilized in water softening processes,\r\nand it might be possible to at least semi-quantitatively soften\r\nwater and obtain rapid determinations of the zeolite content\r\nof a crushed rock sample.
\r\n\r\n4. Should any of the bars show excessive expansion, \r\npetrographic investigations should be made with a view to determining\r\nthe mechanism of the reaction involved.
" }, { "name": "Zebal, George Patterson", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1943", "title": "The Upper Cretaceous Paleontology and Stratigraphy of the Simi Hills, Los Angeles and Ventura Counties, California", "advisor": "Popenoe, Willis Parkinson", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03312010-113315988", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Zebal", "given": "George Patterson" }, "id": "Zebal-George-Patterson", "display_name": "Zebal, George Patterson" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Popenoe", "given": "Willis Parkinson" }, "id": "Popenoe-W-P", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Popenoe, Willis Parkinson" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/C81A-AS44", "abstract": "The Upper Cretaceous strata of the Simi Hills in the \r\nregion of Dayton and Bell Canyons are divided into two \r\nseries of lithologically dissimilar beds. The lower shale \r\nseries is further divisible into three members. The basal \r\nmember of the lower series is a fossiliferous shale, \r\nprobably 200 feet thick, which is overlain by an alternating series of fossiliferous, calcareous sandstones and sandy shales, attaining a thickness of approximately 1,000 feet. The upper member of this group is an unfossiliferous gray shale with an estimated average thickness of 200 feet. The beds of the lower shale series are unconformably overlain by the Topanga formation and faulted against the massive sandstones. The upper massive sandstone series is remarkable for its lithologic homogeneity and uniform development throughout the area of its exposure. Broken in only two places by relatively thin shale beds, the monotonous layers of arkose total 5,500 feet in thickness. Due to faulting and differential overlap by other formations, the total thickness of the Upper Cretaceous deposits cannot be measured. The structure, though locally complex, is in the main rather simple. The Simi Hills form the southeastern flank of the Simi syncline. An accessory syncline is developed in the northern stretches of the Upper Cretaceous exposure. Three moderately large faults are present in the area of the report.
\r\n\r\nThe species assemblage is similar to that of the \r\nGlycymeris veatchii fauna of the Santa Ana Mountains. It \r\ncan be divided into two subdivisions which are referred to \r\nthe Turritella chicoensis perrini division and the Meta-\r\nplacenticeras pacificum division of the upper part of the \r\nGlycymeris veatchii fauna.
\r\n\r\nThe incomplete basal shale member in the Simi Hills is correlated with the upper portion of the Holz shale \r\nmember of the Williams formation in the Santa Ana Mountains. The middle and upper members of the lower shale \r\nseries, and at least the lower 1,500 feet of the massive \r\nsandstone series are termed equivalents of the Pleasants \r\nsandstone of the Williams formation which forms the uppermost member of the Cretaceous deposits of the Santa Ana Mountains.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Fuller, William Perrin", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1942", "title": "Spectrographic Study of Gold-Quartz Ores from Alleghany, California", "advisor": "Fraser, Horace J.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03102010-113704776", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Fuller", "given": "William Perrin" }, "id": "Fuller-William-Perrin", "display_name": "Fuller, William Perrin" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Fraser", "given": "Horace J." }, "id": "Fraser-H-J", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Fraser, Horace J." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/ZA5N-K774", "abstract": "An investigation of the miner constituents in gold-quartz ores of the Sixteen-to-One mine, Alleghany, California, was undertaken with the hope that the distribution of the minor metals might be of some use in locating ore bodies. Before commencing such a study it was necessary to establish a practical technique for qualitative and quantitative spectrographic analysis of quartz ores.
\r\n\r\nThe commercial gold ore of the Sixteen-to-One mine occurs as isolated, irregular masses of gold-bearing quartz in a large vein of barren quartz. No reliable structural or mineralogical control or indicator for ore-finding is known for this mine. There are several indicators which, when combined under favorable circumstances, may indicate ore, but they are not individually consistent, and may fail to indicate ore as often as not.
\r\n\r\nPrevious work by H. J. Fraser (unpublished) on ore from the Mojave district, California, By H. D. B. Wilson (1941) on Goldfield, Nevada, ores, and R. M. Dreyer (1939) on cinnabar ores indicated that the minor metals in such deposits showed a zonal arrangement around some ore bodies. These examples are epithermal in type, whereas the Sixteen-to-One is mesothermal and similar in many ways to Mother Lode gold-quartz veins. The extremely haphazard distribution of gold values made the Sixteen-to-One a desirable type of mesothermal deposit for investigation. Preliminary results obtained by Dehlinger indicated that the distribution of silver, bismuth, lead and tin appeared to show some correlation with that of gold. Accordingly, the present investigation was undertaken to obtain further information throughout the mines of the manner in which these four metals are distributed.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Howell, Benjamin Franklin", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1942", "title": "Some Effects of Geologic Structure on Radio Rreception", "advisor": "Potapenko, Gennady W.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:02262010-130747297", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Howell", "given": "Benjamin Franklin" }, "id": "Howell-Benjamin-Franklin", "display_name": "Howell, Benjamin Franklin" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Potapenko", "given": "Gennady W." }, "id": "Potapenko-G-W", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Potapenko, Gennady W." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/H017-TG68", "abstract": "Radio fields at standard broadcast frequencies \r\nwere examined over faults to determine how the\r\ngeologic conditions affected the fields. The fields \r\nin rugged and densely inhabited areas were found\r\nto be too irregular to yield understandable patterns. \r\nVery small variations in the direction of the field \r\nwere suggested but not proven over the San Jacinto \r\nFault in the San Jacinto Valley. No variations\r\nin intensity were found over the San Andreas Fault \r\neast of Palm Springs, but variations were observed \r\nat some places over the Piedmont Fault in New\r\nJersey. Such variations might be due to the higher \r\nconductivity of the fault plane, or to the addition \r\nof waves reflected and refracted by the fault \r\nsurface. Weak areas near San Bernardino were noted, \r\nbut could not be correlated with faults. Further \r\nstudies, especially directional, with more delicate \r\napparatus than used in this survey are needed.\r\n" }, { "name": "Tovell, Walter Massey", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1942", "title": "Geology of the Nodular Shale of the Middle and Upper Miocene of the Western Los Angeles Basin", "advisor": "Bode, Francis D.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03182010-090316876", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Tovell", "given": "Walter Massey" }, "id": "Tovell-Walter-Massey", "display_name": "Tovell, Walter Massey" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Bode", "given": "Francis D." }, "id": "Bode-F-D", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Bode, Francis D." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/Q7TF-MP08", "abstract": "Investigations of the Geology of the Nodular Shale were carried on under the auspices of the Standard Oil Company of California. Attempts were made to arrive at some conclusions with regard to the origin of the Nodular Shale, and its relationship to the origin of Petroleum that occurs below it in several fields of the West Los Angeles Basin.
\r\n\r\nThe Nodular Shale is Middle Miocene in age in the southern part of the West Los Angeles Basin, and Upper Miocene in the Northern part. It is suggested that the Nodular was laid down in seas transgressing from south to north, and that an ancestral Santa Monica Mountains formed a barrier to this transgressing sea, as evidenced by the heavy mineral content of the Nodular Shale. The Nodular Shale is folded in the areas of the Oil Fields in which it occurs, and this folding is thought to have affected the Schist surface as well. It has also been affected by faulting.
\r\n\r\nThe Nodular Shale is considered to have been the source beds for most of the petroleum in the reservoir rocks that lie below it in the Playa Del Rey and El Segundo Oil Fields.
\r\n\r\nSeveral areas are considered to be favorable locations for new petroleum discoveries in the region studies.
\r\n\r\nIt is possible that the Murray-Reynard theory for the deposition of phosphatic nodules, is applicable to the conditions that prevailed in the West Los Angeles Basin area, and that the nodules of the Nodular Shale are the result of seasonal variations of temperature in the Nodular sea, with a consequent periodic dying off of large portions of the fauna that inhabited the seas of that time.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Grobecker, Alan John", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1941", "title": "Travel Time Curves at Small Distances and Wave Velocities of Principal Phases in the Southern California Ranges", "advisor": "Gutenberg, Beno; Richter, Charles F.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03102010-084009811", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Grobecker", "given": "Alan John" }, "id": "Grobecker-Alan-John", "display_name": "Grobecker, Alan John" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Gutenberg", "given": "Beno" }, "id": "Gutenberg-B", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Gutenberg, Beno" }, { "name": { "family": "Richter", "given": "Charles F." }, "id": "Richter-C-F", "role": "co-advisor", "display_name": "Richter, Charles F." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/FNRC-KA24", "abstract": "Four shocks with epicenters in the region of the northern end of the Peninsular Range of Southern California were studied. Travel times of numerous phases of these four shocks were measured from seismograph records of stations at Pasadena, Mount Wilson, Riverside, La Jolla, Santa\r\nBarbara, Tinemaha and Haiwee, in Southern California.
\r\n\r\nThe velocities of propagation of eight principal phases were determined. Thicknesses of three layers above a depth of about 40 k.m. in the earth's crust were calculated.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Jordan, John Thomas", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1941", "title": "Geology of the Cactus Mines, Rosamond, Kern Co., California", "advisor": "Fraser, Horace J.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:02262010-101535493", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Jordan", "given": "John Thomas" }, "id": "Jordan-John-Thomas", "display_name": "Jordan, John Thomas" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Fraser", "given": "Horace J." }, "id": "Fraser-H-J", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Fraser, Horace J." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/B8DA-4M16", "abstract": "The Cactus ore deposits are located in the western end of Middle Butte hill, about ten miles southwest of the town of Mojave. The hill extends over parts of sections 8, 9, 16, and 17; T 10 N, R 13 W, S.B.B.L. and M. This area is in the northeastern part of Antelope Valley, the westernmost extension of Mojave Desert physiographic province.
\r\n\r\nThe Cactus Mines consist of three orebodies, the Cactus and the Silver Prince, both located on the same structure, and the Winkler orebody, lying roughly 1500 feet east of the Cactus in rhyolite. These deposits mark the present western limit of the Mojave Mining District which has supported considerable mining activity, at various periods, during the past fifty years.
\r\n\r\nThe mines of the district are mostly of the gold-silver sulfide, epithermal type. The total production of all the mines in the district is probably near $20,000,000. Larger producers include the Exposed Treasure, Yellow Dog, Standard, and the Pride of Mojave on Standard Hill; the Queen Esther, Golden Queen, and Lodestar mines on Soledad Hill; the Tropico mine on the south side of the Rosamond Hills; and the Cactus mines in the Middle Butte.
\r\n\r\nThis district, and the Randsburg area to the northeast, account for the greater part of the gold and silver production from Southern California.
\r\n\r\nThe purpose of this investigation was to study and record the geology of the Cactus Mine ore deposit and, if possible, those factors which influenced or controlled the localization of ore.
\r\n\r\nThis report and accompanying maps are presented as a thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science degree in geology at the California Institute of Technology; Pasadena, California.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Lewis, Lloyd Alan", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1941", "title": "Geology of the Northern Part of the Santa Ana Mountains, Orange County, California", "advisor": "Bode, Francis D.; Popenoe, Willis Parkison", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-03012007-133624", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Lewis", "given": "Lloyd Alan" }, "id": "Lewis-Lloyd-Alan", "display_name": "Lewis, Lloyd Alan" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Bode", "given": "Francis D." }, "id": "Bode-F-D", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Bode, Francis D." }, { "name": { "family": "Popenoe", "given": "Willis Parkison" }, "id": "Popenoe-W-P", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Popenoe, Willis Parkison" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/FS0B-A391", "abstract": "The area covered includes parts of the northern end of the Santa Ana Mountains and the southeastern corner of the adjoining Puente Hills. The area is somewhat larger than 50 square miles. The work was done during the academic years of 1939-40 and 1940-41 while the author was the holder of the Standard Oil Company of California\u2019s fellowship in geology. The purpose of the mapping was to work out the stratigraphic and structural relations of the rocks exposed in this area. Most of the area on the northeast side of the Santa Ana Mountains had never been mapped before and the differentiation of the Cretaceous and lower Tertiary sediments had never been attempted.\r\n\r\nThe rocks of the northern Santa Ana Mountains range in age from pre-Triassic to Quaternary. The Triassic and pre-Triassic rocks are a complex of slates, sandstones, conglomerates and limestones which have been intruded by Jurassic acid intrusives and by andesitic extrusives of pre-Cretaceous age. The oldest un-metamorphosed rocks are upper Cretaceous in age. They lie with profound unconformity upon the Basement Complex of the Triassic and Jurassic rocks. The Tertiary rocks range in age from Eocene to upper Miocene. They consist of an alternating succession of conglomerates, sandstones, and shales with the sandstones and conglomerates predominating. Most of the Tertiary formations progressively overlap each other towards the southeast. The lithology of the entire sections is so similar that it has been, at times, very difficult to recognize the stratrigraphic position of sediments bounded by faults.\r\n\r\nViewing the structure of the northern end of the Santa Ana Mountains as a whole, it seems to be a large asymmetrical anticline with gentle southwestward dips on the southwest side and nearly vertical, and frequently overturned, dips on the northeast side. This structure is complicated by considerable faulting. The faults, in general, trend northwest-southeast and they are generally parallel with the strike of the sediments. The area is also the scene of the junction of the Chino and Whittier faults which are two of the major faults of Southern California. Much of the area mapped lies between these two faults and this area is a mosaic of slice-blocks in which the dips of strata are always nearly vertical. As far as can be determined, the attitude of the faults is nearly vertical; some of them are reverse faults. Movement on many of the faults has been strike-slip as well as dip-slip.\r\n" }, { "name": "Lieber, Paul", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1941", "title": "Temperature Perturbations and their Effect on the Temperature Maxima and Minima in the Interior of the Earth", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:02242025-221700862", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Lieber", "given": "Paul" }, "id": "Lieber-Paul", "display_name": "Lieber, Paul" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/5mym-a583", "abstract": "This thesis investigates the effect of temperature perturbations\r\nin the earth on the change of position of local temperature maxima and\r\nminima prevailing in the earth's interior. The final solutions (mathematical)\r\ngive the position and the velocity of the point of maximum\r\ntemperature as a function of time. The solutions indicate that for\r\ncertain limits (discussed) the position of the point of maximum temperature \r\nand its velocity increase exponentially with time. A method of\r\ncorrelating the rate of energy transfer in a given direction with the\r\nvelocity of the point of maximum temperature in that direction is outlined.\r\nSuggestions dealing with the application of these solutions to geological\r\nproblems are given." }, { "name": "Quarles, Miller Winthrop", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1941", "title": "Geology of the Repetto and Montebello Hills", "advisor": "Bode, Francis D.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03102010-102032561", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Quarles", "given": "Miller Winthrop" }, "id": "Quarles-Miller-Winthrop", "display_name": "Quarles, Miller Winthrop" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Bode", "given": "Francis D." }, "id": "Bode-F-D", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Bode, Francis D." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/W7C0-Q908", "abstract": "The Repetto and Montebello Hills are an east-west band of low hills four miles east of the Los Angeles city hall. As the hills lie well within the oil producing Los Angeles basin, their geology is of interest to petroleum geologists as well as to residents of the area.\r\n\r\nOnly sedimentary rocks are exposed, ranging in age from upper Niocene to Recent. The only Miocene formation in the area is the Puente, which is divided into three members; a white diatomaceous lower shale, a middle sandstone with shale lentils, and a silty upper shale.\r\n\r\nConformable above the Miocene is the Pliocene series, represented by two formations: 1) the lower Pliocene Repetto; and 2) the upper Pliocene Pico. The type locality of the Repetto formation lies within the area where it is composed almost entirely of foraminifera-bearing massive siltstone. The Pico formation is represented by siltstones and is divided into an upper and lower member by means of foraminifera and megafossils. The top of the Pliocene section is marked by an angular unconformity.\r\n\r\nThe two Pleistocene formations are the Saugus and the terrace gravels. The Saugus conglomerates and siltstones, of lower Pleistocene age, are separated from the upper Pleistocene to Recent non-marine terrace gravels by an angular unconformity.\r\n\r\nThe two\tPleistocene conglomerate formations are distinguished from one another by the petrology of their pebbles. The Saugus contains pebbles of dacite porphyry; the terrace gravels are characterized by a granite with pink orthoclase and a distinctive \"dappled\" diorite.\r\n\r\nForaminifera are used to fix the gradational Niocene-Pliocene contact and to divide the Pliocene into Repetto and Pico formations. Molluses as well as foraminifera are abundant in the Pico and make possible a division into upper and lower Pico members in spite of uniform lithology. The Molluscan faunas of the lower Pico are warm water types; the upper Pico contains a cold water assemblage. Megafossils from four of the sixteen new localities were studied, and several species not previously found in the Los Angeles basin were recognized.\r\n\r\nTwo east-west anticlines with a poorly defined syncline between them are the principle structural units in the area. Only he eastern closures of the large East Los Angeles Anticline is found in the northwestern part of the area. A short strip of lower Puente shale is exposed along the axis of this anticline. The 8000-foot series of Puente and Pliocene formations dip away from the axis to the south. Only the lower 1000 feet of the Puente section is exposed on the north limb of the anticline.\r\n\r\nThe oil-producing Montebello anticline in the southwestern part of the area has a complex structure and history. The surface exposures of Pico siltstone and Saugus conglomerate show an asymmetric fold with a steep south limb. Sub-surface contours an Repetto horizons, however, show that, at depth, the steeper flank of the fold is on the north. This anomaly is causes by by post-Saugus movement on a north dipping normal fault parallel to, and 600 feet south of, the anticline's crest. The Saugus beds which were previously on the flat top of the anticline were dropped 700 feet and are now adjacent to steeper dipping Pico sediments.\r\n\r\nThree major disturbances dominated the structural history: 1) after the Pico was deposited, 2) after Saugus deposition, and 3) after the terrace gravels were deposited. Uplift to dry land and slight folding caused the erosion of the Pico siltstone to a surface of low relief. The ensuing subsidence and overlap of cross-bedded Saugus conglomerate produced an angular unconformity above the Pliocene series.\r\n\r\nThe second deformational period, which occurred after the Saugus formation was deposited, was the most intense. Both the major anticlines in the area were formed, and the beds in the Repetto Hills were steeply tilted to the south. A very long or very active period of erosion followed, for apparently 8000 feet of sediments were stripped off the East Los Angeles anticline to expose the lower puente shale beds. The final post-Saugus erosion surfaces before the terrace gravels were deposited wore I) in the Repetto Hills a topography similar to the present, and 2) a near-peneplain where the Montebello Hills now Stand.\r\n\r\nThe nature and amount of movement during the third major uplift, in post-terrace or early Recent time, can be accurately determined by the positions of numerous remnants of a terrace surface. The entire Repetto Hills area was raised about 150 feet along the southern border and tilted as a block to the northeast. At the same time the present Montebello Hills were formed when the flat terrace surface was uplifted by folding at least 300 feet, forming an anticline whose crest roughly coincided with the axis of the earlier post-Saugus anticline. The present topography is that anticlinal ridge modified by recent erosion.\r\n" }, { "name": "Regan, Louis John", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1941", "title": "The Composition, Texture, Structure, and Probable Origin of the \"Gatchell\" Sand", "advisor": "Maxson, John H.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03292010-131419884", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Regan", "given": "Louis John" }, "id": "Regan-Louis-John", "display_name": "Regan, Louis John" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Maxson", "given": "John H." }, "id": "Maxson-J-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Maxson, John H." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/N2K8-7D80", "abstract": "The purpose of the research has been to gather data on the structural and stratigraphic relations, composition, and texture of the \"Gatchell\" sand, and to attempt to interpret the conditions of deposition of the sand body in the light of this data. The \"Gatchell\" is the producing sand of the East Coalinea Extension Oil Field.\r\n\r\nSeveral structure contour maps, an isopach map and two structure sections are presented to show the general structural relations of the \"Gatchell\". The sand body is thicker on the north than on the south; moreover the rate of eastward thickening is much more rapid in the northern area. The zero isopach, or line of pinch-out of the sane body, is remarkably straight and trends about north-south.\r\n\r\nThe sand is arkosic, containing between 20-30% feldspar. The feldspar is practically all potash feldspar, orthoclase and microcline being present in subequal amounts. Accessory or heavy minerals are scanty both in number of species and in total amount present. The assemblage is a very stable one, relatively rich in zircon, garnet, and tourmaline. The presence of glaucophane points to a Coast Range origin for at least some of the material. Whether the bulk of the sand was derived from the east or from the west cannot yet be shown.\r\n\r\nThe sand is very angular and coarse, but very well sorted, It is suggested that the agent transporting and depositing the sand was marine currents. Since the northern sand is older,* it is suggested that the sand body grew from north to south, and that the immediate source of the material may have been on the north.\r\n\r\nThe internal structure of the sand cannot be shown by bedding, which is lacking, nor by mineral zones, but a generalized picture can be obtained from a consideration of\r\ncharts showing the median grain size of the sand against depth. A number of these charts are presented in the appendix; it is suggested that in the southern area, at least, \"Gatchell\" sands transgressed from east to west over Hondo silts. The sand in wells on the west, near the line of pinch-out, is represented in wells on the east by the upper part of the sand body only.\r\n\r\nThe environment of deposition of the \"Gatchell\" cannot yet be demonstrated. However, four hypotheses are suggested and discussed, which fit some of the evidence. These hypotheses are (l) the baymouth bar-spit hypothesis (2) the offshore bar hypothesis (3) the shoreface terrace hypothesis and (4) the interfingering hypothesis." }, { "name": "Rupnik, John Joseph", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1941", "title": "The Geology of the Wiley Canyon Area, Oak Ridge Anticline, T 3-4 N, R 18-19 W, Ventura County, California", "advisor": "Bode, Francis D.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03282010-103356657", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Rupnik", "given": "John Joseph" }, "id": "Rupnik-John-Joseph", "display_name": "Rupnik, John Joseph" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Bode", "given": "Francis D." }, "id": "Bode-F-D", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Bode, Francis D." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/PJ20-ZK85", "abstract": "The accompanying map and thesis comprise a report on the geology of an area lying on the Oak Ridge anticline about six miles southeast of the town of Fillmore, California.
\r\n\r\nThe Oligocene Sespe is the oldest formation exposed. The other formations found are Vaqueros, Modelo, Pico, Saugus, and finally, Recent terrace gravels and alluvium. The Sespe-Vaqueros and the Vaqueros-Modelo contacts appear to be conformable and are differentiated by a transition in lithology. A marked unconformity exists between the Modelo shale and Pico sandstone; this is not as pronounced on the west end as on the east end. The Saugus appears to overlap the Pico progressively from west to east.
\r\n\r\nThe main structural features are the Oak Ridge fault, the Oak Ridge anticline, and the Eureka anticline and the Baker fault. Other subsidiary folds are present. The trend of the large structures is, on the whole, east and west; that of the lesser ones is mostly southeast and northwest.
\r\n\r\nThe Oak Ridge fault is down-thrown on the north side; its plane is vertical at Torrey Canyon but is overturned at Wiley Canyon.
\r\n\r\nThe Oak Ridge anticline consists of a series of small, connected domes. Oil production has been established on several of these domes. A new wildcat is now drilling on a small surface closure in Wiley Canyon.
\r\n\r\nThe Eureka anticline plunges westward towards the Baker fault. The evidence found in the field indicates that this is an unusual structure. It forms a part of a large, recumbent fold which has been further folded into an asymmetrical anticline. It is terminated on the west end by what is here called the Baker fault (after the Baker Ranch). Competent beds are conglomerates and sandstones; fossil evidence indicates their age to be late Pico (probably San Diego. Model sandstones and shales make up the remainder of the exposed rocks.
\r\n\r\nThe Baker fault runs southwest from the Santa Clare River through the first canyon west of Torrey Canyon. Two interpretations can be placed on the relationship of the rocks: the Baker fault may have originated with, and therefore can be terminated against, the Oak Ridge fault; or it may possible represent a different period of faulting, cutting the Oak Ridge fault and eventually joining up with the western end of the Santa Susana fault. Because of lack of sufficient evidence to the contrary, the first possibility is used.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Doolittle, Russell Carter", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1940", "title": "The Theory, Construction, and Field Use of a Direct Current Potentiometer for Measuring Earth Resistivity", "advisor": "Peterson, R. A.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03122010-083823737", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Doolittle", "given": "Russell Carter" }, "id": "Doolittle-Russell-Carter", "display_name": "Doolittle, Russell Carter" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Peterson", "given": "R. A." }, "id": "Peterson-R-A", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Peterson, R. A." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/D941-WY06", "abstract": "The fundamental theory underlying direct current \r\nmethods of measuring \"apparent\" earth resistivity and \r\nof interpreting these field measurements to obtain \r\nthe actual resistivities of the parts of a composite \r\nearth is extensively reviewed. The three main types \r\nof apparatus used in making the field measurements,\r\nthe Gish-Rooney, \"Megger\", and \"porous pot\" instruments,\r\nare briefly outlined. Considerations involved in making \r\na general design for a \"porous pot\" outfit are briefly \r\ndiscussed, and a detailed description of the apparatus \r\nused by the writer is given. Field data obtained with \r\nthis apparatus is interpreted by the several methods \r\ndiscussed in the literature.\r\n" }, { "name": "Holloway, John Marshall", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1940", "title": "Areal Geology and Contact Relations of the Basement Complex and Later Sediments, West End of the San Gabriel Mountains, California", "advisor": "Bode, Francis D.; Maxson, John H.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-10102006-142925", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Holloway", "given": "John Marshall" }, "id": "Holloway-John-Marshall", "display_name": "Holloway, John Marshall" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Bode", "given": "Francis D." }, "id": "Bode-F-D", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Bode, Francis D." }, { "name": { "family": "Maxson", "given": "John H." }, "id": "Maxson-J-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Maxson, John H." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/S8Q6-4M27", "abstract": "The west end of the San Gabriel Mountains is a relatively small block of pre-Cretaceous metamorphic complex faulted from the main mass of the San Gabriel Mountains by the San Gabriel fault. Their core of metamorphic rocks is flanked on three sides by Tertiary sediments represented by Eocene, Pliocene, and Pleistocene formations. The Eocene and Pliocene are characteristic off-shore and littoral marine deposits. The Pleistocene is principally of terrestrial origin.\r\n\r\nThe area is one of structural complexity. This can be accounted for, in part, by assuming that this end of the mountain block acted as a centre of rotation for north-south compressional forces that were active to the west.\r\n\r\nThe San Gabriel Range is believed to be a fault block, raised to its present elevation principally by movements along faults which parallel the north and south margins. The faulting is not restricted to the extreme margins, but often is located within the range itself.\r\n\r\nThe west slope of the range is characterized by depositional relations between the sediments and the underlying mountain mass. If any faulting has occurred, it is thought to be farther west than the contact between the sediments and the basement complex and to be concealed beneath the younger sediments.\r\n" }, { "name": "Karubian, Ruhollah Yahyaw", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1940", "title": "Surface and Subsurface Geology of Montebello Hills, California", "advisor": "Maxson, John H.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03022010-101354333", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Karubian", "given": "Ruhollah Yahyaw" }, "id": "Karubian-Ruhollah-Yahyaw", "display_name": "Karubian, Ruhollah Yahyaw" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Maxson", "given": "John H." }, "id": "Maxson-J-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Maxson, John H." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/F9D3-RE30", "abstract": "In the following paper a report of both surface and subsurface geology of the Montebello oil field is given.\r\n\r\nFirst a general survey of this area was made and then a geologic map with all field data plotted was prepared. Subsurface correlations were made by use of the electrical logs (Schlumberger) and the subsurface structure was studied. Also data from previous publications and from the core samples of the older drilled oil wells in this area was utilized in preparing a structure contour map.\r\n\r\nThis area, because of its large oil fields, has been of economical importance for the last twenty years. Recently two new fields were brought in and it is estimated that these fields are going to make a new record for oil production in the state of California.\r\n\r\nOne of these new fields is on the east and somewhat to the south of the old field and the second new field is located on the southwest corner of the old field. Both of those fields are of different horizones and much deeper than the older pool.\r\n\r\nThe older field known as Montebello field is an anticline, with its axis running in an east and westerly direction. There is a major unconformity below this anticline beneath which appears the oil sands of the lower horizons of the newly discovered pools.\r\n\r\nThe nature of rocks is highly complicated and shoreline deposits ore well recognized in this area. Most of these sediments are sandstones of different characters. These sandstones get coarser and grade into conglomerates from one side and chance to silt and at some instances to a thin layer of shale.\r\n\r\nThere is a big fault in this area which cuts the upper most sediments and for which there are some surface evidences. It is shown (by use of Schlumberger methods) also that there exists another fault which cuts the axis of the new eastern field and of which there is no surface evidences.\r\n" }, { "name": "Levet, Melvin Newton", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1940", "title": "Geology of the San Juan Canyon Area, Orange County, California", "advisor": "Bode, Francis D.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:02262010-152726519", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Levet", "given": "Melvin Newton" }, "id": "Levet-Melvin-Newton", "display_name": "Levet, Melvin Newton" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Bode", "given": "Francis D." }, "id": "Bode-F-D", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Bode, Francis D." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/A23X-X756", "abstract": "The area described in this report occupies a narrow strip along the San Juan River in the south-western portion of the Santa Ana Mountains in Southern California. This region includes a sedimentary series of rocks which forms a gentle westward-dipping homocline off the crystalline core of the Santa Ana Mountains. Rocks range in age from Triassic to Recent.\r\n\r\nThe basement complex comprises a series of Triassic slates, quartzites, and other rock types, with later intrusive of granitic masses. A considerable thickness of Cretaceous rocks conformably overlie the crystalline complex and is composed of heavy coarse conglomerates, fine shales, and micaceous sansdstones. A section of Eocene clays and sandstones, 2500 feet thick of probable Martinez age, overlies the Cretaceous section. These rocks have been faulted up against the Lower Miocene San Onofre facies of the Temblor. The upper Miocene Monterey shales and Capistrano sands overlie these rocks. \r\n\r\nLocal structure in the area includes faulting and some gentle folding. Structural and general topographic trends parallel the NW-SE structural trends of the Santa Ana Mountains.\r\n" }, { "name": "Lewis, William Dabney", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1940", "title": "The Geology of the Upper Las Llajas Canyon Area, Santa Susana Mountains, California", "advisor": "Buwalda, John P.; Bode, Francis D.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-10062005-112728", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Lewis", "given": "William Dabney" }, "id": "Lewis-William-Dabney", "display_name": "Lewis, William Dabney" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Buwalda", "given": "John P." }, "id": "Buwalda-J-P", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Buwalda, John P." }, { "name": { "family": "Bode", "given": "Francis D." }, "id": "Bode-F-D", "role": "co-advisor", "display_name": "Bode, Francis D." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/Z7HF-B694", "abstract": "The Upper Las Liajas Canyon Area, California is some six and one-half miles long and three and one-half miles wide. It is situated five to twelve miles north-west of the town of Chatsworth. It gives a representative picture of the geology of the California Coast Ranges.\r\n\r\nThe main Santa Susana Range here trends almost due west. It is cut by steep-sided, youthful canyons which generally produce a relief of some five hundred feet. The highest point in the area is 3741 feet in elevation; the greatest relief, however, is not over 2500 feet.\r\n\r\nThe dominant rocks are, east-west striking, faulted and folded sediments of Tertiary age; some late Mesozoic and Quaternary sediments also appear. The oldest rocks in the area, a series of sandstones and intercalated shales, comprise a part of the Chico formation. The portion mapped attains a thickness of more than 750 feet. Apparently unconformably above the Cretaceous lies a section of 350 feet of very coarse massive ferruginous conglomerates of lower Eocene Martinez age. The Martinez seems to grade into the middle Eocene Llajas formation. The Llajas consists of a series of fossiliferous shales, silts, sandstones, and black limestones which crop out over a large portion of the area south of the Santa Susana thrust zone. In the western portion of the area the Sespe formation appears and is composed of variegated sands and silts, possibly varying in age from upper Eocene to lower Miocene. The Sespe lies disconformably on the Llajas formation and wedges out to the east. Sediments, ranging in age from Pliocene to middle Miocene, overlie the middle Eocene with pronounced angular unconformity. Of these, the lowermost formation, the Topanga, consists of a basal fossiliferous conglomerate some 50 feet thick overlain by 100 feet of fossiliferous sandy silts. The uppermost member of the Topanga is a zone of silt from 25 to 100 feet thick characterized by the foraminifera species, Valvulineria calitornica Cushman. The upper Modelo diatmites overlie this zone in places with possible slight angular discordance. The average thickness of the Modelo is 200 feet.\r\n\r\nNorth of the Santa Susana fault zone, a thick series of upper Miocene shales, sandstones, and grits, which have apparently been pushed into the area by overthrusting, crop out.\r\n\r\nIn most localities above the Modelo diatomite, and generally in unconformable relationship with it, are a series of fossiliferous sandy silts some 250 feet thick and of lower middle Pliocene Pico age. Unconformably above the Pico lie upper middle Pliocene sediments which become nonmarine upward in the section and grade into the Pleistocene (?) Saugus sands and gravels. The whole series exposed here is over 1150 feet thick. At least two ages of alluvial deposits were mapped.\r\n\r\nThe main structural feature in the area is the northward-dipping Santa Susana thrust fault which became active in the Pleistocene epoch. The thrust zone itself is, as the name implies, not one clean-cut fault but a zone of roughly parallel faults forming a somewhat braided pattern. Most of the faults are rather steep-angled, northward dips from 30 to 70 degrees being recorded and the average being around 50 degrees. The total displacement of this zone is not known but is at least several thousand feet. The strata along the front of the overthrust block are in many places overturned. Numerous strike-slip faults, trending normal to the strike of the Santa Susana thrust zone appear to have offset the structures in the block itself and also those in front of the overthrust mass including the Quaternary alluvial deposits in places as much as 3000 feet. The area to the south of the Santa Susana fault zone is faulted and folded but not to the degree of the region to the north.\r\n\r\nThe topographic features suggest that the region owes most of its present relief to uplift by faulting and folding in the Pleistocene epoch. The presence of terraces and inner gorges in several of the main canyons as well as the courses of the main streams indicates an erosional history that is far from simple. The relatively older topography, found south of the overthrust zone, and the younger topography appearing in the overthrust block itself, corroborate the geologic evidence indicating late movement along the Santa Susana thrust zone." }, { "name": "Munk, Walter Heinrich", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1940", "title": "Internal Waves in the Gulf of California", "advisor": "Sverdrup, Harald Ulrich", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-06162004-140251", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Munk", "given": "Walter Heinrich" }, "id": "Munk-Walter-Heinrich", "display_name": "Munk, Walter Heinrich" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Sverdrup", "given": "Harald Ulrich" }, "id": "Sverdrup-H-U", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Sverdrup, Harald Ulrich" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/ZJY3-GN77", "abstract": "Between February 13 and March 19 1939 the \"E.W. Scripps\", research vessel of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, occupied 53 oceanographic stations in the Gulf of California. The observations of temperature, salinity and oxygen content, which at every station were taken at a series of depths, suggested the existence of internal waves with amplitudes as large as one tenth the depth of the Gulf.
\r\n\r\nWaves generally can be classified into short and long waves and both groups comprise surface and internal waves, with frequencies corresponding to free or forced oscillations, and of the standing or progressive wave types. Those under consideration are of the \"long, internal, free, standing wave\" type, perhaps the least known of the sixteen possible combinations. It is the object of this paper to present a discussion of these waves from both an observational and theoretical point of view and to compare the results.
\r\n\r\nThe bottom topography of the Gulf is quite complicated but the average depth remains nearly constant to a considerable distance from the entrance and decreases then regularly. We know qualitatively that velocity of propagation decreases with decreasing depth. With\r\nthis in mind we first find that all observations can\r\nbe combined to a consistent picture from which we obtain\r\nthe period of oscillation and the wavelengths.
\r\n\r\nA theoretical treatment of the outer portion of the Gulf, applying FJELDSTAD's theory for internal waves at constant depth (1) yields results in good agreement with those indicated by observation. For the inner portion of the Gulf a general theory for internal waves in a basin of non-constant depth is developed and applied. FJELDSTAD's theory is also expanded to include the case of a horizontal density gradient.
\r\n\r\nThe results of the theory, applied to the Gulf of California, compare favorably to those obtained by the observational approach.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Roberts, Ellis Earl", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1940", "title": "Geology of the Alston District Houghton and Baraga Counties, Michigan", "advisor": "Fraser, Horace J.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-04032009-144817", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Roberts", "given": "Ellis Earl" }, "id": "Roberts-Ellis-Earl", "display_name": "Roberts, Ellis Earl" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Fraser", "given": "Horace J." }, "id": "Fraser-H-J", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Fraser, Horace J." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/YB0S-SR57", "abstract": "The copper-bearing sediments and flows of Keweena age which underlie the northwest side of Keweenaw Point form a conformable series which to the southeast has been thrust over the Cambrian Jacobsville sandstone. The stratigraphic correlation of the Freda sandstone, which lies at the top of the copper-bearing series, to the Jacobsvilie sandstone is uncertain, as are also the definite dating of the periods of deformation and the age of the copper mineralization.\r\n\r\nField work was conducted to the southeast of the main copper-bearing area with the hope of establishing: (1) the date of the native copper mineralization, (2) the relations of the Freda and Jacobsville sandstones, and (3) the dates of deformation.\r\n\r\nThe existence of a pre-Jacobsville period of mineralization was established, but its correlation with the native copper mineralization to the northwest cannot be definitely established.\r\n\r\nThe Jacobsville sandstone rests unconformably upon Keweenawan flows; in an adjacent area, the Freda sandstone rests conformably on flows of the same character. Hence the Jacobsville sandstone is thought to be later than and unconformable to the Freda sandstone.\r\n\r\nAt one locality the Keweenann flows are tilted and sheared, while the overlying Jacobsville sandstone is not affected, thus proving the existence of a pre-Jacobsville but post-Keweenawan deformation. Elsewhere, the marked disturbances of Lower Paleozoic strata prove another period of deformation which is definitely later than the Silurian, and probably later than the Devonian.\r\n" }, { "name": "Smith, Clay Taylor", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1940", "title": "Geology and Ore Deposits of the Northeast Quarter of the Seiad Quadrangle, California", "advisor": "Fraser, Horace J.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03152010-150822311", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Smith", "given": "Clay Taylor" }, "id": "Smith-Clay-Taylor", "display_name": "Smith, Clay Taylor" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Fraser", "given": "Horace J." }, "id": "Fraser-H-J", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Fraser, Horace J." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/1RJT-C033", "abstract": "This paper describes the results of a field and laboratory study of the geology and ore deposits (dominantly the chromite properties) of the northeast quarter of the Seiad quadrangle, California.
\r\n\r\nThe Seiad quadrangle is located in the central Klamath Mountains in a region of rugged ridges and deep canyons. The oldest rocks are schists overlain by arenites, argillites, marble and meta-volcanic rocks. They are intruded and metamorphosed by quartz-diorite, chromium-bearing peridotite, and granodiorite probably \r\nrepresenting at least two phases of intrusion. Recent alluvium and remnants of old terrace gravels are found along the Klamath and Scott Rivers.
\r\n\r\nNo definite ages have been assigned to the rocks because of the lack of fossil evidence. The older rocks are probably pre-Mesozoic, while some of the terrace gravels may be of Pleistocene age.
\r\n\r\nThe laboratory study of tie chromite ores indicates that they are late magmatic (pneumotectic) ores whose structure is controlled by flowage, fracture-filling and replacement of the peridotite intrusions.
\r\n\r\nThe chromite deposits described in this report are in the Klamath Mountains of northern California. The oldest rocks in the area are mica, chlorite, and hornblende schists of pre Cambrian (?) age, which are overlain by a complex series of metamorphosed volcanic and sedimentary rocks of Paleozoic (?) age. Into all these rocks quartz diorite, peridotite, and granodiorite were successively intruded. Auriferous terrace gravels, possibly of Pleistocene age, Recent gravels, and alluvium partly fill some of the larger canyons.
\r\n\r\nThe chromite deposits, which occur in peridotite, range in size from a few tons to more than 100,000 tons. The ore of minable grade has an average chromite content of 35 percent. Reserves in the district, as estimated from known outcrops, are believed to be approximately 125,000 tons. At current prices of $20 to $25 a ton it is unlikely that any of the deposits can be profitably worked. Though the major part of the tonnage is of low grade (20 percent of chromite), the material could be concentrated to a 45- or 50-percent product. Hand sorting would yield small tonnages of shipping ore.
" }, { "name": "Wallace, Robert Earl", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1940", "title": "Volcanic Tuff Beds of the Mint Canyon Formation", "advisor": "Maxson, John H.; Campbell, Ian", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-02262009-120144", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Wallace", "given": "Robert Earl" }, "id": "Wallace-Robert-Earl", "display_name": "Wallace, Robert Earl" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Maxson", "given": "John H." }, "id": "Maxson-J-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Maxson, John H." }, { "name": { "family": "Campbell", "given": "Ian" }, "id": "Campbell-I", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Campbell, Ian" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/RC14-TJ83", "abstract": "The Mint Canyon formation (Upper Miocene) consists of a series of continental sediments including both fanglomerates and fresh-water lake deposits. The basin of deposition of the lake sediments was near the sea but was apparently definitely separated from it. Some 4000 or more feet of sediments have accumulated. The Mint Canyon formation lies nonconformably above the Vasquez formation (Oligocene?). The angular discordance between the Mint Canyon formation and the overlying Modelo (Upper Miocene) is not great but is definite in many places.\r\n\r\nA series of volcanic tuff beds are present in the Mint Canyon formation. There are at least 8 major tuff beds and possibly as many as 5 minor ones. Individual beds reach a thickness of 10 feet. The tuff, for the most part is a fine grained, acid, vitric tuff, though some crystal fragments are present in certain units. Others are contaminated by sand and grit.\r\n\r\nThere is some suggestion that the pryroclastic material has been derived from the Mojave Desert area and is possibly from the same source as the rhyolitic material of the Rosamond formation.\r\n\r\nThe outcrops of the tuff are restricted to two main areas, one on either flank of a broad, westerly-pitching syncline which is the major structural feature of the Mint Canyon area. In each of these areas, local sections of overturning are present. It is believed that these are the surface manifestations of faulting in the basement complex.\r\n\r\nFaulting is present to a moderate degree. The major faults are probably steep with vertical movement being most important.\r\n\r\nPlant fossils are preserved in the fine tuffs. The flora indicates a biseasonal distribution of rainfall with possibly slightly greater annual average than at present. The Mint Canyon flora is part of the Mojave floral province. \r\n\r\nFine grained units of the tuffs are quarried and used to a limited extent as surfacing material on asphalt shingles and roofing material.\r\n" }, { "name": "Cabeen, William Ross", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1939", "title": "Geology of the Aliso and Browns Canyons area, Santa Susana Mountains, California", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-08162007-081719", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Cabeen", "given": "William Ross" }, "id": "Cabeen-William-Ross", "display_name": "Cabeen, William Ross" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/G8ZQ-ZT85", "abstract": "NOTE: Text or symbols not renderable in plain ASCII are indicated by [...]. Abstract is included in .pdf document.\r\n\r\nThe most important factor in the area to influence both structure and stratigraphy is the Santa Susana overthrust. Overthrusting along the Santa Susana fault has in many cases taken place along more than one plane producing an imbricate structure. Structurally the period of orogeny which culminated in this overthrusting resulted in close and overturned folding and faulting. The most prominent anticlinal fold is that which extends in a nearly east-west direction across the entire width of the area and passes just below the Holt Ranch, in Browns Canyon. Faults which are older than the Santa Susana orogeny are found, and include both the normal and reverse types. Some of these earlier faults have cut out varying thicknesses of formation, introducing local stratigraphic gaps. Several periods of folding, uplift arid erosion, indicated by unconformities, are evident, and provide lines of weakness which have been influential in guiding and controlling the later folding. Thin development of formations and the numerous unconformities point to a very unstable area. Recent diadtrophic movement is indicated by folding and faulting of the (Pleistocene) Santa Susana overthrust plane.\r\n\r\nThrough the medium of this overthrusting, an entirely different stratigraphy from that native to the area has been introduced. Above the thrust, a thick section composed of Modelo shale, (lower Monterey) (Valvulineria californica zone) shale, and non-marine Topanga sandstone, conglomerate, and basalt is found, This section, which has been overthrust from the north, presents an entirely different environmental lithology. The lithology below the thrust, and native to the area, is much less well-developed, and differs considerably from the introduced section found above the thrust. The poor development of these formations, and the fact that they thicken northward and that they are nearly all separated by unconformities, suggests a marginal oscillating environment in the old Miocene-Pliocene depositional basin. The overthrust section and sections to the north, as at Pico and Elsmeree canyons, are much thicker and lack many of the unconformities present in this area. These areas undoubtedly occupied a position nearer the center of the Miocene-Pliocene depositional basin.\r\n\r\nThe oldest rock native to this area is the great thickness of Chico (Upper Cretaceous) sandstone, which makes up the boldly outcropping Simi Hills. Unconformably overlying this is the basal Martinez conglomerate (lower Eocene), which, in the particular area mapped, is in fault contact with younger Eocene to Pliocene formations. The only other Eocene formation mapped was the thick section (1300 feet [...]) of Llajas (middle Eocene)shales and silts, which grade downward to sandstone and conglomerate near the base of the formation. The Llajas is abundantly fossiliferous. A big stratigraphic break separates the Liajas from an unconformably overlying upper Topanga conglomerate and silt, 50 to 100 feet thick. This thin section of marine fossiliferous Topanga, limited above and below by unconformities, is a marked contrast to the thick section of non marine sandstone, conglomerate, and basalt which lies above the thrust and was introduced from an area to the north by overthrusting. Disconformably above the Topanga, in the section native to the area, is found a thin section of argillaceous Modelo shale, varying in thickness from about 25 feet in the southern part of the area to more than 100 feet in the northern portion, where sandstone lenses and layers are found interbedded. This relatively thin section is in marked contrast to the thick overthrust section of Modelo, which is in excess of a thousand feet thick. The Valvulineria californica shale section found between the Topanga non-marine and Modelo shale lying above the thrust is not found in the section below the thrust.\r\n\r\nDisconformably above the \"native\" Modelo shale is found a late lower and early middle Pliocene concretionary silt which is equal in age to about the middle of the Pico formation at the type section in Pico Canyon. This partial equivalent of the type Pico has been designated as the Pico formation in the area mapped. An unconformity separates these Pico silts from an overlying sandstone, conglomerate and fossil reef formation which has been designated the San Diego formation because of the similarity of its abundant fossil content with that of the type San Diego. This 75 to 100 foot thickness of upper middle Pliocene-San Diego strata is, however, an age equivalent of the upper Pico formation at its type locality. Both mega- and micro- fossil evidence points to this. Thus it may be said that the time represented in the accumulation of the strata at the type locality of the Pico formation has its equivalent in the Aliso and Browns Canyons area. This time equivalent is represented by the San Diego formation, the so-called Pico silts of the area, the unconformity separating the two, and by part of the time represented in the unconformity below the Pico silts and above the Miocene Modelo formation. The San Diego formation grades upward into brackish and non-marine Saugus deposits composed of 500 feet of sands, conglomerates and mudstones.\r\n\r\nAll of these previously mentioned formations were involved in the latest severe folding which culminated in the Santa Susana overthrust. Lying on the erosion surface formed by the partial beveling of these folded deposits are found younger Pleistocene terrace and river channel deposits consisting of large, hard, sandstone boulders, mud, and Modelo shale fragments." }, { "name": "DeLong, James Henry", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1939", "title": "The Paleontology and Stratigraphy of the Pleistocene at Signal Hill, California", "advisor": "Popenoe, Willis Parkison", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03082010-073543309", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "DeLong", "given": "James Henry" }, "id": "DeLong-James-Henry", "display_name": "DeLong, James Henry" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Popenoe", "given": "Willis Parkison" }, "id": "Popenoe-W-P", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Popenoe, Willis Parkison" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "paleontology" ], "doi": "10.7907/3HZ7-8067", "abstract": "Location: Signal Hill is located in the northern limits of the city of Long Beach, Los Angeles County, California, approximately two and a half miles north of the Pacific Ocean waterfront. It reaches an elevation of three hundred and sixty-four feet and is the highest point in a series of low-lying hills that extend from Seal Beach in Orange County, to Dominguez Hills, approximately ten miles to the northwest. Signal Hill is a portion of the Long Beach oil field.
\r\n\r\nReview of Literature: Arnold (1, pp 30-32) in his report on the marine Pleistocene at San Pedro, California, gave a brief but fairly detailed account of the Pleistocene stratigraphy and paleontology at Signal Hill. He listed a fauna of one hundred and sixty species from the \u201cUpper San Pedro\u201d formation (Palos Verdes sands), but he found no fossils in the underlying sands and gravels. However, Arnold considered this latter group to be equivalent to his \u201cLower San Pedro\u201d formation (San Pedro sands). So far as I know this is the only published report that has a detailed account of the Pleistocene at Signal Hill.
\r\n\r\nEaton (5, p 124) considered the Palos Verdes sands on Signal Hill as being equivalent in part to the warm-water Hall Canyon formation of Lower Pleistocene age rather Upper Pleistocene.
\r\n\r\nGrant and Gale (7, p 43) suggested that the \u201cUpper San Pedro\u201d on Signal Hill might possibly belong to the basal warm-water Las Posas zone instead of the Palos Verdes sands because the beds are deformed and there are two warm-water horizons in the Pleistocene instead of one.
\r\n\r\nProfessor Tieje (7, p 43) also suspected that the \u201cUpper San Pedro\u201d beds at Signal Hill belonged to the Las Posas zone.
\r\n\r\nPurpose of Report: I spend the summer of 1938 studying the stratigraphy and paleontology of the two Pleistocene formations exposed at Signal Hill. Special emphasis in this study was placed on the lower series of sands and gravels from which a large representative fauna was collected. Previous to this no fossils had been reported from this lower group of sediments. It seems desirable, therefore, to record the results of this investigation.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Dougherty, Jack Francis", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1939", "title": "A New Miocene Mammalian Fauna from the Caliente Mountains, California", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03052010-150906804", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Dougherty", "given": "Jack Francis" }, "id": "Dougherty-Jack-Francis", "display_name": "Dougherty, Jack Francis" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "paleontology" ], "doi": "10.7907/MDWC-D826", "abstract": "Fossil mammalian remains from the Caliente Mountain region, San Luis Obispo County, California, were first found by John B. Stevens in 1928 in red beds associated with basalt flows near Padrones Spring. The material, fragments of a merycodont jaw, was presented to the California Institute at that time. The importance of the Caliente Mountain marine section is emphasized by Reed and Hollister in their discussion of the Caliente Miocene. As recognized by Reed and Hollister, \u201cThe great difference in facies of these beds permits the determination of the interrelation of mammalian, mollusk, and foraminiferal zones, a task that is not easy in many districts.\u201d The present study was undertaken, therefore, with a view to obtaining a mammalian fauna from the region and establishing its relationships to the Miocene molluscan and foraminiferal zones. It is hoped also that such a study might bring out more clearly the relationships of the invertebrate and vertebrate time scales for at least this stage of the Miocene." }, { "name": "Drescher, Arthur Bernard", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1939", "title": "A New Pliocene Badger from Mexico", "advisor": "Stock, Chester", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:02262010-113123707", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Drescher", "given": "Arthur Bernard" }, "id": "Drescher-Arthur-Bernard", "display_name": "Drescher, Arthur Bernard" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Stock", "given": "Chester" }, "id": "Stock-C", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Stock, Chester" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/6S0A-Y810", "abstract": "Remains of Tertiary badgers are rare and of fragmentary character. Consequently any new material that is found, adds to our knowledge of the history of the group. This paper describes a new species of badger on the basis of three fragmentary lower jaws and a distal portion of a right humerus. The specimens were collected by the California Institute of Technology in deposits which appear to be middle Pliocene in age, near Rincon, Chihuahua, Mexico." }, { "name": "Eichelberger, Alexis Martin", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1939", "title": "Application of Well-Logging Methods to Shot Holes", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03022010-074836613", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Eichelberger", "given": "Alexis Martin" }, "id": "Eichelberger-Alexis-Martin", "display_name": "Eichelberger, Alexis Martin" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/Q5KC-Q997", "abstract": "Electrical exploration, or the \u201cwell-logging,\u201d of drill holes, for the oil industry, is a recent geophysical technique, dating only from 1928. There is no need to emphasize the absolute necessity of gathering reliable and complete information of all the formations encountered in the course of drilling. The oil industry has witnessed a continuous improvement in the manner of securing subsurface information. Drilling-speed charts, driller\u2019s logs based on examination of cuttings, mechanical coring, paleontological analysis, wire-coring, etc., each furnishes some valuable data. But there is a constant urge to develop new means of investigation for the purpose of reducing the cost of drilling and obtaining more complete and reliable data. Today, electrical measurements constitute a new step forward, towards achieving this end.
\r\n\r\nThe purpose of the work done by this author is to apply well-logging methods to the shot holes that are drilled by seismograph crews. In seismic prospecting it is necessary that the depth, below the surface, of the bottom of the low velocity or \"weathered\" layer be known accurately. By the methods now in use, this depth is calculated from the velocity of the seismic waves traveling through the weathered layer. However, by logging shot holes, one should be able to determine the thickness of the low velocity layer with a high degree of accuracy.
\r\n\r\nAnother problem is seismic prospecting is the location of the top of the water table. At the present time this is done by noting the level at which the water stands in water wells. If no water wells are present one must simply guess at about the level of the top of the water table. By logging shot holes, it would seem probable that one should be able to locate the top of the water table accurately.
\r\n\r\nThus by applying well-logging methods to shot holes, the author intends to locate the top of the water table, and, of greater importance, to locate the bottom of the weathered layer.
" }, { "name": "Hendry, Noel Williamson", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1939", "title": "Geology and Quicksilver Deposits of the Coso Hot Springs Area, Inyo County, California", "advisor": "Fraser, Horace J.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03292010-090930851", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Hendry", "given": "Noel Williamson" }, "id": "Hendry-Noel-Williamson", "display_name": "Hendry, Noel Williamson" }, { "name": { "family": "Wilson", "given": "Harry David Bruce" }, "id": "Wilson-Harry-David-Bruce", "display_name": "Wilson, Harry David Bruce" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Fraser", "given": "Horace J." }, "id": "Fraser-H-J", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Fraser, Horace J." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/06EH-QM89", "abstract": "This thesis presents the results of a geological examination of the Coso Hot Springs region, including a\r\ndiscussion of the areal geology and a description of the hot springs and mercury deposits in the area.
\r\n\r\nThe thesis is presented as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science at the California Institute of Technology. The field work on which the report is based covered parts of the academic year of 1938-39. A topographic map of the area was prepared by means of a plane-table survey. The geologic features were mapped with the use of a plane-table and a Brunton compass.
" }, { "name": "Hoy, Robert Beck", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1939", "title": "Geology and Ore Deposits of the Capps Gold Mine, Mecklenburg County, North Carolina", "advisor": "Fraser, Horace J.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03022010-074220943", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Hoy", "given": "Robert Beck" }, "id": "Hoy-Robert-Beck", "display_name": "Hoy, Robert Beck" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Fraser", "given": "Horace J." }, "id": "Fraser-H-J", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Fraser, Horace J." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/PBY7-N830", "abstract": "The Capps gold mine is located five and one-half miles northwest of Charlotte, in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina. The area lies wholly within the igneous belt of the southern Appalachian gold region in approximately the central part of the Piedmont province of eastern United States.
\r\n\r\nThe ore deposits consist of lenticular quartzdolomite-pyrite veins irregularly replacing sheared zones of the granite country rock. The wall-rock alteration and vein mineralization indicate that the deposits belong to the mesothermal rather than hypothermal zone into which most of the southern Appalachian gold deposits have been classified.
\r\n\r\nThe immediate future of the Capps district does not present an optimistic picture, because the Capps Company is in the hands of receivers. Nevertheless, it is possible that successful mining could be carried out, if deposits were carefully blocked out in advance of extraction. The best possibilities for future exploration are extensions of the deposits beneath old excavations, especially those above which rich ore has been obtained.
" }, { "name": "Urick, Robert Joseph", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1939", "title": "The Determination of Sound Velocity in Core Samples", "advisor": "Peterson, R. A.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:02262010-114009583", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Urick", "given": "Robert Joseph" }, "id": "Urick-Robert-Joseph", "display_name": "Urick, Robert Joseph" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Peterson", "given": "R. A." }, "id": "Peterson-R-A", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Peterson, R. A." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/CYS4-WB36", "abstract": "In an area that is being explored for the first time\r\nwith the reflection seismograph, the manner in which the longitudinal wave velocity varies with depth---the so-called \"velocity distribution\"---is unknown. Structural features can be located without a knowledge of this function, but they cannot be measured. In the present advanced state of reflection seismology more than mere detection of structural detail is necessary. And in order to compute dips and depths from the reflections and thereby obtain a quantitative structural picture, the velocity\r\ndistribution has to be known with a tolerably decent degree\r\nof accuracy.
\r\n\r\nThere are in common use at present two methods of velocity distribution determination. The more direct of these consists simply of lowering a seismometer to successively different depths down a well already drilled, shooting at the surface near the casing head, and observing the travel times of the first impeti from the records. This method is simple, direct, and without doubt gives the best possible determination of velocity distribution. It necessitates, however, a well that is available for use in this way, as well as the expense of running a seismograph crew for a day or two. The second method of velocity\r\nmeasurement involves only surface shooting and recording. Travel time differences for different shooting distances are carefully measured from surface records of several hundred reflections, plotted, and an average velocity computed. This method involves a great amount of computing and inconveniences resulting from the fact that considerable shooting has to be done in an area before the velocity distribution becomes to be known.
\r\n\r\nSome sort of inexpensive laboratory measurement of\r\nvelocity would apparently, therefore, be of value. Important\r\nwildcat wells of major companies are now being more or less\r\ncontinuously cored. If the sound velocity in representative\r\nsamples of the corings at different depths could be measured\r\nsome idea of the velocity-depth function might be obtained.\r\nIt is the purpose of this thesis to examine the correlation,\r\nif any, between the velocity distribution as obtained in the\r\ncustomary manner as described above, and that obtained from\r\nlaboratory measurement of velocity in core samples from a well in the same area.
" }, { "name": "Henshaw, Paul Carrington", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1938", "title": "A Tertiary Mammalian Fauna From the Avawatz Mountains, California", "advisor": "Stock, Chester", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-11142006-083519", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Henshaw", "given": "Paul Carrington" }, "id": "Henshaw-Paul-Carrington", "display_name": "Henshaw, Paul Carrington" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Stock", "given": "Chester" }, "id": "Stock-C", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Stock, Chester" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol", "paleontology" ], "doi": "10.7907/S0SF-BT71", "abstract": "The Tertiary mammal occurrence in the Avawatz Mountains, discovered in 1932 by H. W. Nickerson of Yucca Grove, California, was first reported to the Los Angeles County Museum. W. M. Strong, sent out by the Museum to make a preliminary survey in the area, assembled a small collection. All of the material was so scrappy, however, that interest subsided. Subsequently, in 1935, in the course of their archeological field studies, Mr. and Mrs. William H. Campbell of Twenty-Nine Palms rediscovered the fossiliferous locality on the south flank of the Avawatz Mountains. Very kindly drawing the attention of Mr. E. L. Furlong to their find, Mr. and Mrs. Campbell accompanied Mr. Furlong to the locality. During this first visit most of the material now in the collections of the California Institute of Technology was acquired. Since then several brief collecting trips have been made to the area." }, { "name": "Lohman, Stanley William", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1938", "title": "Ground Water in Northeastern Pennsylvania", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03292010-093318412", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Lohman", "given": "Stanley William" }, "id": "Lohman-Stanley-William", "display_name": "Lohman, Stanley William" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/XPZ2-GZ82", "abstract": "This report describes the surface features, stratigraphy, and geologic structure and the sources and chemical character of the ground water in an area covering 7,087 square miles in northeastern Pennsylvania, including Carbon, Columbia, Lackawanna, Luzerne, Monroe, Montour, Northumberland, Pike, Schuylkill, Susquehanna, Wayne, and Wyoming Counties, the northern three-fifths of Dauphin County, and about 50 square miles of northern Lebanon County. The area is drained entirely by the Delaware and Susquehanna Rivers and their tributaries. It includes parts of two geomorphic provinces\u2014the Appalachian Plateaus province and the Valley and Ridge province, both of which are subdivisions of the Appalachian Highlands.
\r\n\r\nThe consolidated rocks of the area range from the post-Pottsville formations, of Pennsylvanian age (youngest), to the Juniata formation, of Upper Ordovician age (oldest). All the rocks are later than the Taconic disturbance, and the Juniata formation and the overlying Tuscarora sandstone (Silurian) rest unconformably on the Martinsburg shale (Ordovician), which is exposed south of the area. There are no pronounced stratigraphic breaks above the unconformity at the base of the Silurian except in Dauphin and Lebanon Counties, where all of the Lower Devonian and late Silurian are absent, owing either to a fault or to an unconformity. The youngest consolidated rocks, the post-Pottsville formations, contain the valuable anthracite beds, which are extensively mined in several large synclinal basins within the area. Anthracite is also obtained locally from the Pottsville formation and the Pocono sandstone.
\r\n\r\nMore than half of the area is covered with glacial drift, mostly of Wisconsin age, although Illinoian and Jerseyan drift occurs south of the Wisconsin drift border which traverses the middle of the area. The recent alluvium along the larger streams that drain the coal basins contains considerable finely divided coal that is recovered by dredging at numerous points.
\r\n\r\nWithin the densely populated and industrialized coal basins ground water is used only in a very few places, and municipal, industrial, and domestic needs are supplied almost exclusively by surface water. Within the coal basins the water level has been lowered by continual pumpage of mine water, and most of the little water that remains in reach of wells is unfit for ordinary use. The water thus obtained from the mines is largely utilized for washing coal, after which it is discharged into the streams.
\r\n\r\nOutside the coal basins the larger municipal supplies are obtained from surface water, but the domestic, industrial, and smaller municipal needs are supplied chiefly by ground water. In the rural regions domestic supplies are obtained largely from dug wells, but small springs and drilled wells are also used extensively. Industrial and municipal supplies are obtained chiefly from drilled wells and springs.
\r\n\r\nNorth of the Wisconsin drift border and for some distance south along the major drainage channels, glacial drift supplies all the dug wells and a few of the drilled wells. Large supplies of water can be obtained from glacial outwash in some places by means of properly constructed drilled wells using well screens, but very few attempts have been made to recover large quantities of water from any of the unconsolidated deposits.
\r\n\r\nMost of the drilled wells in the area obtain adequate supplies of water from sandstone, but a few obtain water from conglomerate, shale, or limestone. Most of the rock formations contain numerous beds of sandstone that can generally be reached by wells of moderate depth. The sandstones are in the main rather firmly cemented. and the water is contained chiefly in fractures, joints, and bedding planes. Shale yields small but generally reliable supplies. Limestone occurs only in a few places along the southern and western borders of the area and is of importance as a source of ground water only in parts of Columbia, Montour, and Northumberland Counties, where it yields large supplies of hard water to wells that encounter solution channels, but it may yield very little water where solution channels are not encountered.
\r\n\r\nArtesian conditions are related to the geologic structure. In the Appalachian Plateaus province, where the strata are nearly horizontal over large areas, flowing wells are not numerous but occur locally. In the Valley and Ridge province flowing wells are obtained in many places on the flanks of synclines or monoclines. A few flowing wells occur in glacial drift.
\r\n\r\nWith few exceptions, the chemical character of the ground water is entirely satisfactory for most purposes. Water from glacial drift or light-colored sandstone or shale generally contains small amounts of dissolved mineral matter and is generally soft. Water from dark-colored shales or sandstone generally contains more dissolved mineral matter and in some places is noticeably hard. Water from limestone ranges from moderately hard to very hard.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Orr, James McPhail", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1938", "title": "An Investigation of the Geological Occurrence and Use of Titanium With Special Reference to the San Gabriel Titanium Deposits, California", "advisor": "Fraser, Horace J.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03292010-080341272", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Orr", "given": "James McPhail" }, "id": "Orr-James-McPhail", "display_name": "Orr, James McPhail" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Fraser", "given": "Horace J." }, "id": "Fraser-H-J", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Fraser, Horace J." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/E221-9J47", "abstract": "It has been customary to class titanium with the rare elements, but in reality it is one of the most abundant of metals. Geochemists have estimated that it constitutes 0.44 per cent of the solid crust of the earth and ranks ninth in relative abundance of the ninety odd elements found there. It is more abundant than the common elements carbon, phosphorous, sulphur, and manganese, and exceeds the total of the common metals, lead, zinc, and copper. Titanium is also one of the most widely distributed of the elements.
\r\n\r\nWhy then, has it not come into more common use during the one hundred and forty years since discovery? There are two principal reasons: (1) Its great chemical tenacity which made it very hard to treat. (2) The fact that its minerals have shown no characteristics that make their usefulness readily apparent. In a narrow sense, it is true that titanium is seldom met with in nature in easily recognizable forms or in concentrations that readily attract attention; yet there are ample supplies available in commercial deposits.
\r\n\r\nFor these reasons titanium compounds as articles of commerce were almost unknown until recent years. With the intensified interest now manifest in the utilization of the so-called rare metals, titanium is rapidly increasing in importance. Its rapid growth is well illustrated by the titanium pigment industry which has increased its consumption of ilmenite (FeO-TiO2) from 2,000 to 3,000 tons to over 100,000 tons a year in less than a decade. As technical improvements continue to remove its economic handicaps it is felt that titanium, because of its wide-spread distribution and abundance, will occupy an important place in the mineral industry.
\r\n\r\nThe purpose of this thesis is: (1) to give a general outline of the titanium industry, (2) to present the results of a detailed study made of the ores of titanium deposit in the San Gabriel Mountains near Los Angeles, California.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Sklar, Maurice", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1938", "title": "Petrology of the Volcanic Rocks of the Region Around Boulder Dam", "advisor": "Campbell, Ian", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:04192010-112518708", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Sklar", "given": "Maurice" }, "id": "Sklar-Maurice", "display_name": "Sklar, Maurice" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Campbell", "given": "Ian" }, "id": "Campbell-I", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Campbell, Ian" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/3GPB-8K58", "abstract": "The rocks around Boulder Dam, which range from pre-Cambrian to Recent in age, are dominantly volcanic, but other rock types occur.
\r\n\r\nPre-Cambrian granitic rocks occur in the Black Mountains, to the east; at Saddle Ridge is a chloritic schist, also pre-Cambrian. No known Paleozoic or Mesozoic rocks occur within the area.
\r\n\r\nThe oldest of the early Tertiary (?) rocks is the Altered Monzonite Porphyry (?), which occupies a belt trending east-west across the area. This formation has been quite thoroughly hydrothermally altered. Intrusive into it is the Quartz-Monzonite, which occurs mainly south of Hemenway Wash.
\r\n\r\nThe Older Volcanic Series, the most extensive formation in the area, occurs on both sides of Hemenway Wash, and south of Boulder Dam. It consists of a tilted series of adesite flows and intercalated sedimentary breccias. Between it and the Younger Volcanic Series, in Black Canyon, occurs the sedimentary formation, the Dam Breccia.
\r\n\r\nThe Younger Volcanic Series occupies a depressed and tilted block, penetrated by Black Canyon, and rests uncomformably or by fault contact on the Older Volcanic Series, and the Dam Breccia. It consists of four volcanic extrusive and intrusive members, two tuff members, and two inter-volcanic sedimentary breccias. The volcanic members are all generally latitic in composition, being high in potassa and in total alkalies. These volcanic rocks are differentiation products of one primary magma.
\r\n\r\nThe Fortification Hill Basalt and the conformable underlying Muddy Creek Formation are Pliocene, or possible Pleistocene, in age. Quaternary deposits include terrace gravels of the Colorado River, and recent alluvium.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Wells, John Cawse", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1938", "title": "Petrology and Structure of the Crystal Lake Area, Los Angeles County, California", "advisor": "Campbell, Ian", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-12022008-111356", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Wells", "given": "John Cawse" }, "id": "Wells-John-Cawse", "display_name": "Wells, John Cawse" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Campbell", "given": "Ian" }, "id": "Campbell-I", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Campbell, Ian" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/V9X4-FS83", "abstract": "Crystal Lake is located near the head of the north of the San Gabriel River in the San Gabriel Mountains. Igneous and syntectic rocks are the dominant types in this locality. However, remnants and inclusions of the older metamorphic complex of meta-sediments and dike rocks, which is dominant both north and south of the area studied form a large part of the exposures. The complex is intruded by a quartz diorite similar to the Wilson diorite described by Miller several miles to the southwest. The dioritic rook is in turn intruded and replaced by granitic material, the only intrusive evidence of which consists of a network of pegmatite and aplite dikes. Migmatization is indicated by gradations in structure and composition from the quartz diorite to the granite porphyroblastic development in the intermediate rock, and replacement textures in the granite and intermediate rock.
\r\n\r\nTwo parallel high-angle normal faults with displacements of 200 to 400 feet cross the area in a northeast southwest direction. Associated with the major faults are innumerable minor faults and fractures with displacements from a fraction of an inch to a foot or more in magnitude.
\r\n\r\nThe formation of Pine Flat Basin, the broad valley containing Crystal Lake, has been ascribed to glaciation, but the author believes that structural movements and stream erosion with accompanying landslides were the responsible factors. This explanation accounts for all of the physiographic features of the basin and is more compatible with the geographic location and climatic conditions.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Bryson, Robert Pearne", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1937", "title": "Faulted Fanglomerates at the Mouth of Perry Aiken Creek, Northern Inyo Range, California, Nevada", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01192010-090103391", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Bryson", "given": "Robert Pearne" }, "id": "Bryson-Robert-Pearne", "display_name": "Bryson, Robert Pearne" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/GVHK-M090", "abstract": "In this thesis some phases of the problem of the mechanics of faulting along the margins of what is\r\nbelieved to be a typical basin and range in the Basin\r\nand Range Province will be considered. The structure\r\nand the later geologic history of a favorably located\r\narea at the margin of this typical basin and range will\r\nbe presented in detail.
\r\n\r\nWhat happens to a fault at depth? For that matter, what happens to it at only a short distance below the surface of the ground is sometimes equally as difficult to answer. This problem immediately presents itself when one attempts to establish the margin of a fault block mountain in a desert region. Gravel waste frequently covers much of its slopes and extends far into its reentrant valleys,\r\ncompletely concealing the boundary between the mountain\r\nand the valley blocks.
\r\n\r\nRenewed movement along such a marginal fault in many cases has found expression in displacement of the overlying fanglomerate cover, with the development of a pattern of gravel scarps which roughly parallel the front of the mountain block. Such a series of gravel scarps may be found at the eastern base of the Northern Inyo Range, California-Nevada, where its gravel fans spread out into Fish Lake Valley.
\r\n\r\nStudy of the scarps and the gravels has disclosed a number of structural and physiographic relationships which\r\ncan be represented properly only on an accurate and large\r\nscale map. At the suggestion of Dr. G. H. Anderson, under\r\nwhom the work was done, a preliminary map of the gravels\r\nof the eastern slopes of the range was supplemented by a\r\ndetailed plane table map of the geology and topography in\r\nthe vicinity of the mouth of Perry Aiken Creek, latitude\r\n37\u00b040\u2019, longitude 118\u00b06\u2019. The preliminary mapping was done\r\nin company with Mr. M. H. Evans during the first part of the summer field season of 1936, using an enlarged copy\r\nof the White Mountain Quadrangle, California-Nevada, as\r\na base. The detailed mapping was done in the spring of\r\n1937 with the assistance of a number of graduate and\r\nundergraduate students including Messrs. J. F. Dougherty,\r\nW. M. Fielder, L. F. Schombel, M. Sklar and J. C. Wells.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Bryson, Robert Pearne", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1937", "title": "Magnetic Studies in the Inglewood District", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:07122023-215728993", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Bryson", "given": "Robert Pearne" }, "id": "Bryson-Robert-Pearne", "display_name": "Bryson, Robert Pearne" }, { "name": { "family": "Hopper", "given": "Richard Hutchinson" }, "id": "Hopper-Richard-Hutchinson", "display_name": "Hopper, Richard Hutchinson" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geophys" ], "doi": "10.7907/ngdy-zj23", "abstract": "[Introduction] This survey was undertaken as part or the program of geophysical work in the Los Angeles Basin sponsored by the Division of the Geological Sciences of the California Institute of Technology. Previous work has included a seismic survey and gravimetric studies, followed by the magnetic work conducted by Sidney Schafer in 1936.
\r\n\r\nIn the survey described in this report measurements of the relative vertical intensity of the earth's magnetic field were made at more than two hundred stations in the western part of the Los Angeles Basin, in the vicinity of Inglewood and the Baldwin Hills. Askania vertical-component magnetometer number 92993 was used in the work. The locations of the stations occupied with the magnetometer are shown on the accompanying map. These stations were in general one-tenth mile apart and were located on traverse lines running in a northeast-southwesterly direction. The observed magnetic readings were corrected for the effects of temperature, diurnal variation and change in latitude and longitude as later described.
" }, { "name": "Church, Harry Victor", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1937", "title": "The Structure and Stratigraphy of the Upper Cretaceous Near Redding, California", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03292010-102032178", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Church", "given": "Harry Victor" }, "id": "Church-Harry-Victor", "display_name": "Church, Harry Victor" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/R3RN-NT62", "abstract": "Thick sections of Cretaceous deposits are exposed almost\r\ncontinuously along the west side of the San Joaquin-Sacramento Valley of California, as well as at its northern end, and also sporadically along the east side. Aside from noting their occurrence and collecting fossils from a few scattered localities, early workers did little with these sections. Since later work in the valley has been almost exclusively confined to the Tertiary, the Cretaceous has remained comparatively unknown, as evidenced by the fact that until just recently the entire Upper Cretaceous series of California has been grouped together under the single formation name of Chico. However within the last few years it has become apparent that there exist a number of distinct faunal zones within the recognized limits of the Upper Cretaceous. Because of the thickness and scattered occurrences of these deposits, their division and\r\ncorrelation has come to be recognized as a very complex\r\nproblem, and an immense amount of work must be done before a\r\nreasonably complete and accurate section can be made.
\r\n\r\nVarious sections of Upper Cretaceous are found in the\r\nSanta Ana Mountains, Jalama Creek region, along the east side of Mt. Diablo, Tehama Creek, Redding, Chico Creek, Tuscan Springs, Folsom, Deer and Antelope Creeks, and various other places along the east side of the Sacramento Valley. The region near Redding has recently been the subject of investigation by Dr. W. P. Popenoe, who has already worked extensively with the Upper Cretaceous of the Santa Ana Mountains, and the present paper is a discussion of the structure and the stratigraphy of these beds, worked out in assisting Dr. Popenoe in his work at Redding. The field work was carried on during parts of July and August, 1936, and April and May, 1937.
\r\n\r\nAt this time the writer wishes to acknowledge his deep\r\nappreciation of the generosity and kindness of Dr. W. P.\r\nPopenoe, without whose unflagging interest and aid this work\r\nwould not have been possible.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Dawson, Charles Alexander", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1937", "title": "Petrology of the Igneous Complex Near Lang, California", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03282010-113047571", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Dawson", "given": "Charles Alexander" }, "id": "Dawson-Charles-Alexander", "display_name": "Dawson, Charles Alexander" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/ED4Z-EJ49", "abstract": "The region to be considered in this report is in Los Angeles County, Calif. and is included in the Lang Quadrangle surveyed in 1929 with a scale of 1:24,000 and a contour interval of 5 and 25 feet. The region is also shown on the San Fernando Quadrangle with a scale of 1:62,500 and a contour interval of 50 feet. The area mapped is included between two canyons, Pole Canyon immediately south of Lang, and Little Bear Canyon about a mile and three quarters\r\neast of Lang.
\r\n\r\nThe area may be reached on the Sierra Highway by turning east into Soledad Canyon just before the Sierra Highway enters Mint Canyon, a distance of about thirty-eight miles from Los Angeles. Lang is about five miles east of the junction of Mint Canyon with Soledad Canyon. The area may be reached by the Southern Pacific Lines which has a siding at Lang.
\r\n\r\nThe problem was undertaken in partial fulfillment of the\r\nrequirements for the degree of Master of Science at the Calif. Institute of Technology. The work has been done under the direction and guidance of Dr. Ian Campbell, Associate Professor of Petrology at the Calif. Institute.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Dreyer, Robert Marx", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1937", "title": "Magnetometer Examination of the Monte Cristo Magnetite-Ilmenite Deposits", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01062012-110339170", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Dreyer", "given": "Robert Marx" }, "id": "Dreyer-Robert-Marx", "display_name": "Dreyer, Robert Marx" }, { "name": { "family": "Dawson", "given": "Charles Alexander" }, "id": "Dawson-Charles-Alexander", "display_name": "Dawson, Charles Alexander" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/H0X4-QE32", "abstract": "Situated in the San Gabriel Mountains of Southern California is a large body of anorthosite which is associated a number of bodies of ilmenitic magnetite. During the summer of 1937, the E. I. duPont de Nemours Corporation obtained options on a group of properties thought to contain several such deposits. In connection with the exploration of the aforementioned deposits, the authors were employed as geophysicists to conduct a magnetic examination of the area. The data contained in this report was collected between August 9 and September 4, 1937. Mr. Dawson is, at the present time, continuing the magnetometer investigation and, in the light of the facts to be presented in the following pages, his work is being watched with considerable interest.\r\n" }, { "name": "Dreyer, Robert Marx", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1937", "title": "Mutual Interference in the Microchemical Determination of Ore Minerals", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03282010-114752089", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Dreyer", "given": "Robert Marx" }, "id": "Dreyer-Robert-Marx", "display_name": "Dreyer, Robert Marx" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/Q8JE-0D18", "abstract": "The use of microchemical methods is spreading rapidly, both for the qualitative and quantitative determination of elements. Microchemistry offers a decided advantage over \"bulk\" methods, not only because of the greater speed with which the determinations can be carried out, but also\r\nbecause of the very small amounts of material required for a test. Microchemical methods are particularly valuable in determining the composition of the small inclusions in ores and metallurgical products.
\r\n\r\nMost of the reagents used are sufficiently sensitive to show the presence of 0.005 per cent or less of the desired element. Needless to say, if such minute quantities of an element are to be identified, it is essential that the procedure of the test be carefully followed and the utmost\r\ncaution taken that there is no pollution of the reagent or the test drop. Despite such care, it frequently happens that the test obtained is not wholly satisfactory. Either the color of the precipitate is unusual, the form is changed or entirely different, or sometimes no test is obtained when previous observations have indicated that the element should be present. When such changes occur-and they occur frequently, even in the hands of skilled technicians-the observer is never certain whether they are due to variations in the PH of the solution, concentration of\r\nreagent or solution, or to the presence of some interfering anion or cation. The first two variables can be controlled by proper attention to the procedure of the test; in many cases the last variable-presence of an interfering anion or cation-is beyond control. Often, much time could be saved by recognizing that a given variation in the precipitate is\r\ncaused by the presence of another element. In fact, some of the interferences are as characteristic of the interfering element as any other known test.
\r\n\r\nThe presence of a variety of elements in the test drop is due either to a poor sample or to a complex mineral. A poor sample is obtained if the original area of the mineral or inclusion is too small. In this case, allowance can usually be made for the presence in the solution of elements\r\nof the host mineral, although their presence may cause notable interferences. Where the mineral varies in composition there may be no hint of the presence of elements, other than those expected in the mineral, until trouble is encountered in the testing.
\r\n\r\n" }, { "name": "Fiedler, William Morris", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1937", "title": "Structure and Stratigraphy of a Section Across the White Mountains, California", "advisor": "Anderson, George Harold", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03282010-111233792", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Fiedler", "given": "William Morris" }, "id": "Fiedler-William-Morris", "display_name": "Fiedler, William Morris" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Anderson", "given": "George Harold" }, "id": "Anderson-George-Hammond", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Anderson, George Harold" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/4AM8-R235", "abstract": "The paper deals with the detailed physiography, stratigraphy, and structure of a section two miles wide across the White Mountains of California and Nevada. In the study of the detailed problems of this area many of the observations made suggest general relationships involving the White Mountains as a whole. The White Mountains consist of a tilted horst block, raised along marginal faults which separate the range from the relatively depressed graben blocks on either side; Owens Valley on the west, Fish Lake Valley on the east. The range trends northwest-southeast, having an average elevation of 11,000 feet.
\r\n\r\nThe area is characterised by extremely rugged topography. The physiographic features include steep, straight, marginal scarps, jagged ridges, precipitous V-shaped valleys, a relatively flat crest area, glacial cirques and moraine covered U-shaped valleys, and giant alluvial cones complicated by faulting and stream rejuvination.
\r\n\r\nBoth sedimentary and igneous rocks occur in the area. The sediments include old pre-Cambrian rocks and young quaternary material. The older sediments have been folded, faulted, intruded, and, for the most part, highly metamorphosed. They include conglomerates, quartzites, phyllites, argillites, limestones, dolomites, and schists. The younger sediments consist of coarse, unconsolidated glacial till and stream gravels. The moraines are all above 8,500 feet. The alluvium flanks both sides of the range in the form of alluvial cones. Igneous rocks form a major portion of the area. The intrusives are a part of the Inyo batholith of middle or late Mesozoic. Three principal intrusive types occur in the area; two granites and a quartz-diorite. The intrusives have altered both the attitude and composition of the sediments into which they have risen. The extrusives in the area are all basalt and include pre-Cambrian, Tertiary, and Quaternary flows.
\r\n\r\nThe structure of the area is complex. Folding and faulting have played major roles. Examples of both regional and of local drag folding were found. Faulting is evidenced by very numerous faults of widely different extent and displacement.
\r\n\r\nThe geologic history of the White Mountains as derived from the area mapped, is essentially that typical of mountains of the Basin and range province.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Pye, Willard Dickison", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1937", "title": "A Comparison of Records from the Linear Strain and Pendulum Seismographs", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03282010-114406134", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Pye", "given": "Willard Dickison" }, "id": "Pye-Willard-Dickison", "display_name": "Pye, Willard Dickison" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/2Y9E-AP60", "abstract": "The linear strain seismograph and its action has been described by Benioff (1). Essentially the instrument consists of two piers 20 meters apart in a north-south\r\ndirection. A rod is connected rigidly to the southern pier and extends to within a short distance of the northern one. At equal intervals along the rod are supports which\r\npermit only longitudinal movement of the rod. Attached to the northern pier is an electromechanical transducer (2). The rod is insulated with asbestos, and the whole instrument is placed in a long insulated tube to reduce temperature effects on the rod.
\r\n\r\nAn incoming wave from an earthquake produces a variation\r\nin the separation of the piers, which causes a change in\r\nthe separation of the free end of the rod and the northern\r\npier. This sets up an induced e.m.f. in the transducer\r\nproportional to the velocity with which the displacement\r\ntakes place. The induced e.m.f. activates a galvanometer,\r\nthe deflection of which is recorded photographically.
\r\n" }, { "name": "White, Walter Stanley", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1937", "title": "Geology of the Pacoima-Little Tujunga area", "advisor": "Bode, Francis D.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03282010-103919027", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "White", "given": "Walter Stanley" }, "id": "White-Walter-Stanley", "display_name": "White, Walter Stanley" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Bode", "given": "Francis D." }, "id": "Bode-F-D", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Bode, Francis D." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/CYM4-XK34", "abstract": "Location: The Pacoima-Little Tujunga area is located in Los Angeles County, Cal., in the foothills of the western San Gabriel Mountains north and northeast of the town of San Fernando. The bounding meridians are Lat. 34\u00b0 17'-34\u00b0 20\u2019N and Long. 118\u00b0 20 1/2'-118\u00b0 24 1/2'W. More precisely, the area includes about 11 square miles bounded by Little Tujunga Canyon on the east, Tujunga Valley on the south, Pacoima Wash on the west, and the Sierra Madre Fault (herein called the Lopez fault, a local name.) on the north.\r\nThe location of the area is shown in Fig. 1.
\r\n\r\nPurpose of the work: The work was done in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science at the California Institute of Technology.
\r\n\r\nThe primary purpose of the work was to extend knowledge\r\nof the stratigraphy and structure of this part of the Los Angeles Basin. It was also considered that the area might be suitable for mapping by students of field geology at the Institute.
\r\n\r\nMethod of field work: The geology was plotted in the field on aerial photographs (scale 1500 ft. to the inch) made by the Fairchild Aerial Surveys, but the procedure is not recommended. Ease and accuracy of location are greater, but the labor and inaccuracies of transferring data to topographic maps more than make up for these advantages. With only limited field time and plenty of time to work up results, however, persons will find this method very useful.
\r\n\r\nLocation and measurements of attitude were made with a\r\nBrunton Compass.
\r\n\r\nSix weeks in the summer of 1936 and occasional days during the academic year 1936-37 were spent in the field, making a total of about 50 days of actual mapping.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Borys, Edmund", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1936", "title": "A Horizontal Intensity Magnetic Survey Across the Rosamond Fault", "advisor": "Gutenberg, Beno", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03292010-095440174", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Borys", "given": "Edmund" }, "id": "Borys-Edmund", "display_name": "Borys, Edmund" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Gutenberg", "given": "Beno" }, "id": "Gutenberg-B", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Gutenberg, Beno" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/MNA4-WN85", "abstract": "This problem was undertaken as an effort to gain\r\nan acquaintance with magnetic surveying methods and to\r\ntest their applicability to the interpretation of geologic\r\nstructure. The Rosamond fault was suggested by Dr. John P.\r\nBuwalda as suitable for investigation. It was selected\r\nbecause it appeared to be a well-defined structure and because the magnetic readings taken across it would be subject to only negligible interference from topographic effects.
\r\n\r\nThe horizontal intensity survey across the Rosamond\r\nfault was undertaken in collaboration with Mr. Sidney\r\nSchafer, who made corresponding vertical intensity measurements over the same stations as a part of a survey covering Antelope Valley. Measurements of the horizontal component of the magnetic intensity were made at a total of 157 stations.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Evans, Milton Harrison", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1936", "title": "The Geology and Ore Deposits of the Manzana Quadrangle, Los Angeles County", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03282010-112435255", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Evans", "given": "Milton Harrison" }, "id": "Evans-Milton-Harrison", "display_name": "Evans, Milton Harrison" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/8F8E-N680", "abstract": "This paper describes the geology and ore deposits of the Manzana quadrangle, an area of about 40 square miles in north-central Los Angeles County, California. Topographically the quadrangle is divisible into two separate parts: a northern half covering parts of alluvium-filled Antelope Valley, the westernmost arm of the Mojave Desert; and a southern half covering a mountainous region that extends eastward into the San Gabriel Mountains.
\r\n\r\nNearly all of the mountainous portion of the Manzana quadrangle is made up of intrusive igneous rocks. They range in composition from granite to quartz diorite, but on the average are thought to approximate a quartz monzonite or granodiorite. These rocks can be traced almost continuously into the Sierran granites farther north and hence are believed to be of early Cretaceous age. Genetically related pegmatite and aplite dikes are exceedingly abundant over the entire area of crystalline rocks and are especially abundant along the northern edge of the mountains. The pegmatites range in composition from granitic to syenitic; perthitic and graphic textures indicate that replacement has been an important process in the genesis of the pegmatites. Of especial interest is the presence of gold in many pegmatite dikes of widely differing composition. This gold is shown to be of hydrothermal origin in one case, but in other dikes appears to have been a primary constituent of the pegmatite solutions.
\r\n\r\nSedimentary rocks in the quadrangle are confined to a number of small isolated roof pendants making up a discontinuous belt along the northern edge of the mountains bordering Antelope Valley. These rocks have been highly metamorphosed by the intrusive rocks. The age of the sediments cannot be stated more definitely than pre-Cretaceous, but they are thought to be the correlatives of the Bean Canyon Series (Triassic?) which has been described from an area some 20 miles to the northeast.
\r\n\r\nVolcanic rocks, presumably of Miocene age, occur in an extensive series of flows and tuffs in the western part of the quadrangle. These rocks lap up on the intrusive igneous rocks in depositional contact and dip westward at moderate angles.
\r\n\r\nThe principal structural feature of the Manzana quadrangle is the San Andreas rift, which trends thru the southern part of the area with a direction of about N75W. Its position is marked by a series of straight, narrow canyons which cut across the normal drainage direction of the region almost at right angles. Other physiographic and structural features characteristic of \"tear\" faults are numerous within the fault zone. Steep vertical and normal faults have played an important part in shaping the topography of the rest of the area.
\r\n\r\nThe mineral deposits of the quadrangle include contact metasomatic deposits, and fissure veins, each genetically related to the intrusive igneous rocks. The contact deposits are restricted to areas of sedimentary rocks where there has been a widespread, though lean, dissemination of pyrrhotite, Pyrite, sphalerite and gold. In only a few localities have these minerals been concentrated enough to induce mining operations. Nearly the entire production of precious metals from the quadrangle has come from fissure veins which, so far as known, are confined, to a relatively small area near the center of the quadrangle. These deposits include slightly mineralized gouge-filled faults and quartz veins with walls of gouge. The latter type shows the following metallic minerals distributed sparingly thru white or grey crystalline quartz: arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, galena, sphalerite, gold telluride and gold. The structural and mineralogical features of the fissure veins indicate that they formed under conditions of moderate temperature and pressure, perhaps in the lower Epithermal zone of Lindgren. No definite evidence bearing on the extent of supergene enrichment was found in these deposits.
\r\n\r\nThe various mineral deposits of the quadrangle are thought to represent different stages in the intrusive history of the surrounding crystalline igneous rocks. In the first stage of intrusion, blocks of sedimentary rocks from the walls of the magma chamber were engulfed by the intrusive and metamorphosed to form contact metasomatic deposits. Continued differentiation of the magma resulted successively in a pegmatitic rest-magma containing small amounts of metals and hydrothermal solutions containing abundant metals; these solutions moved upwards thru the crystalline and surrounding rocks to form various types of mineral deposits. The present concentration of roof pendants, pegmatite dikes, and hydro-thermal deposits in a belt along the northern edge of the mountains is thought to reflect the original limits of the batholithic chamber.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Schafer, Sidney", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1936", "title": "Experiments Testing the Use of the Magnetometer in Determining Geologic Structure", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01082010-085535439", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Schafer", "given": "Sidney" }, "id": "Schafer-Sidney", "display_name": "Schafer, Sidney" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/NXFQ-NG57", "abstract": "The purpose of this research was three-fold. Firstly, it was conducted in order to acquaint the author with the technique of measuring the vertical and horizontal components of the distorted earth's magnetic field and with the problems which arise during the course of a magnetic survey. Secondly, it was conducted in order to acquaint the author with the usefulness of the magnetometer as an aid to the solution of structural geology problems. Lastly, it was conducted in the hope that a contribution would be made to geologic knowledge in the field of structural geology.
\r\n\r\nTwo areas were chosen for investigation. The Los Angeles Basin Area was chosen because it afforded an opportunity to study a large geologic feature, complicated by faults, about which much is well known. The second area, Antelope Valley, in the Mojave Desert, was chosen because several faults of great displacements are known, or supposed, to exist in the area and because a large portion of the area is covered by aluvium, thus affording opportunity to investigate an area about which little is known.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Scherb, Ivan Victor", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1936", "title": "An Investigation of the Mill Creek Earthquakes of October, 1935", "advisor": "Gutenberg, Beno", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01112010-094554346", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Scherb", "given": "Ivan Victor" }, "id": "Scherb-Ivan-Victor", "display_name": "Scherb, Ivan Victor" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Gutenberg", "given": "Beno" }, "id": "Gutenberg-B", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Gutenberg, Beno" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/G3NA-Q841", "abstract": "The purpose of this investigation has been to determine the characteristics of the seismic disturbances which occurred near Mount San Gorgonio, San Bernardino County, California on October 22, October 24, and intermittently thereafter until October 31. The principal shock occurred at 6:47:56.1 Pacific Standard Time on October 24, 1935. Travel-times for several phases have been determined, and the thickness of layers have been determined, and the thicknesses of layers for Southern California have been calculated." }, { "name": "Uhrig, Leonard Frederick", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1936", "title": "Structural Study of a Portion of the Lang and Humphreys Quadrangles, Los Angeles County, California", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03282010-111919127", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Uhrig", "given": "Leonard Frederick" }, "id": "Uhrig-Leonard-Frederick", "display_name": "Uhrig, Leonard Frederick" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/94C6-N844", "abstract": "In this report the area mapped north of the San Gabriel Mountains in the Lang and Humphreys Quadrangles is considered primarily from the structural point of view. A portion of this area at the head of Tick Canyon was mapped by Y. Bonillaas in 1933. During the year 1934-5, Mr. C. Dawson and the writer extended this work independent of the other.
\r\n\r\nW.S. Kew in Bulletin 753 of the U.S.G.S. has described much of the geology of the area. O.H. Hershey has described the Escondido formation outcropping in Tick Canyon, in the Amer. Meol. Vol. 29, p356. Brief descriptions of the borax deposits in Tick Canyon are found in Econ. Geol. Vol. 16, 1921 and U.S.G.S. Prof. Paper 158, 1931.
" }, { "name": "Bonillas, Ygnacio, III", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1935", "title": "A Study of Miocene Vulcanism in Southern California", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01122010-091637518", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Bonillas", "given": "Ygnacio, III" }, "id": "Bonillas-Ygnacio-III", "display_name": "Bonillas, Ygnacio, III" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/BZRE-N110", "abstract": "The widespread Miocene volcanic rocks of Southern California represent at least four distinct epochs of activity. Lower Miocene vulcanism is represented by the basic hypersthene andesite flows north of Soledad Canyon and east of Mint Canyon. Lower middle Miocene flows are found in the Santa Monica Mountains and the Verdugo Hills; they are olivine poor basalts. Upper middle Miocene intrusives are abundant in the Santa Monica Mountains; they are usually olivine rich basalts. Upper Miocene siliceous andesite and dacite flows occur in the San Jose Hills. It is found that the distinction between the lower, middle, and upper Miocene volcanics is sharp, but that the two epochs of middle Miocene vulcanism resulted in quite similar rooks. The latter rocks are the most abundant in this region, and volcanics of lower or upper Miocene age are rare.\r\n" }, { "name": "Judson, Jack Finlay", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1935", "title": "Geology of the Le Brun and Mint Canyon Quadrangles, Los Angeles County, California", "advisor": "Maxson, John H.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03182010-144207510", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Judson", "given": "Jack Finlay" }, "id": "Judson-Jack-Finlay", "display_name": "Judson, Jack Finlay" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Maxson", "given": "John H." }, "id": "Maxson-J-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Maxson, John H." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/J2MK-KK74", "abstract": "The area discussed is in the Le Brun and Mint Canyon Quadrangle which in turn form the southwest corner of the Elizabeth Lake Quadrangle. This area lies about 45 miles north west of Los Angeles and comprises a part of Sierra Pelona Ridge, Sawmill and Jupiter Mountains. These mountains form a portion of the transverse ranges.\r\n\r\nThe Pelona schists make up about two-thirds of the area, and are probably of Archeozoic age. A series of migmatite forming inclusions in the granitic country rock are probably of Pre-Cambrian age also.\r\n\r\nThese old metamorphics were intruded during Jura-Cretaceous time by batholith whose average composition is that of a monzonite although different facies of it vary from dioritic to granitic.\r\n\r\nThe Martinez formation was deposited in lowermost Eocene time and is made up of 9000+ feet of sandstones, shales and a few intercalated conglomerate beds. These are marine sediments.\r\n\r\nBetween Martinez and Mint Canyon times a thick series of fanglomerates, sands, silts, and muds were laid down in local basins. These continental beds are red in color, and make up the Le Brun formation and Vasquez series. Although this series contains no lava in this area, it contains large thicknesses of basic lava south and east of this locality.\r\n\r\nThe Mint Canyon formation is also continental in origin and lies on the truncated edges of the Vasquez series. It is composed of a basal conglomerate overlain by well bedded sandstones and shales.\r\n\r\nTerrace materials of two different ages can be recognized. In addition there is reason to believe that this region was pen plained toward the end of Pliocene time. \r\n\r\nThe strata of the above formations strike east-west or slightly southwest-northeast, and with the exception of the Mint Canyon formation they dip very steeply, in places standing vertical. The foliation of the metamorphic rock also has the same general strike end steep dip of the sediments. The Mint Canyon beds dip off relatively gently to the south.\r\n\r\nFaulting has been very active in this region and has taken place from middle Miocene time, or perhaps earlier, to the recent. The San Andreas Rift, which passes along just to the north of this area, provides the key to the structural history of the region. Adjacent to the San Andreas Rift large wedges of basement complex shoved up and over the Martinez formation and the Pelona schist, while the faults south of Sierra Pelona Ridge are of the normal type they are not tensional, but compressional faults due to the large horizontal displacement which has taken place along them. Compressional effects such as these are typical along the San Andreas Rift. Folding has played but a minor role in this area.\r\n\r\nSouth of the Sierra Pelona Ridge, long slim wedges of igneous and metamorphic rock have been faulted into the Vasquez series; these horses are found sometimes half a mile from the nearest outcrop of igneous or metamorphic rock." }, { "name": "Sharp, Robert Phillip", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1935", "title": "Geology of the Ravenna Quadrangle, Los Angeles County, California", "advisor": "Maxson, John H.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:04082010-080938662", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Sharp", "given": "Robert Phillip" }, "id": "Sharp-Robert-Phillip", "display_name": "Sharp, Robert Phillip" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Maxson", "given": "John H." }, "id": "Maxson-J-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Maxson, John H." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/4364-VE20", "abstract": "In the Ravenna quadrangle, north central Los Angeles county, approximately 8,400 feet of middle Miocene (?) fanglomerates and 3,600 feet of curiously interbedded basalts are exposed. They lie unconformably on a pre-Tertiary basement and unconformably under the Mint Canyon formation (upper Miocene). For this group of rocks the name \"Vasquez Series\" is suggested to replace the term \"Escondido Series\" of O.H. Hershey, which is preoccupied.
\r\n\r\nThe fanglomerates of the Vasquez Series are composed of angular fragments of anorthosite, quartz diorite, granite, and gneiss, commonly a foot or two in diameter though larger fragments are abundant. The fragments are embedded in a sparse matrix of sand and gravel cemented by calcite and iron oxides. The rude and irregular strata of the series are typically red, brown, or white in color. These sediments accumulated rapidly under semi-arid conditions in a large canoe-shaped basin and formed a series of coalescing alluvial fans which sloped in general toward the west. The upper part of the series contains local occurrences of fine silty beds of lacustrine origin.
\r\n\r\nSome of the interbedded basalts exhibit phenomena suggestive of intrusive emplacement, others are clearly extrusive. These lavas range from massive hypohysline porphyricitc rocks to spongy amygdaloidal masses.
\r\n\r\nSubsequent to deposition, the Vasquez Series was uplifted and deformed. After an epoch of erosion the basaltic conglomerate of the basal Mint Canyon (middle Miocene (?) was laid down.
\r\n\r\nFaulting is greatly predominant over folding in the Ravenna quadrangle. Since upper Miocene time two periods of faulting have occurred. The first characterized by the Soledad fault, a normal fault, and the second characterized by a series of northeast trending strike slip faults. This last group of faults is clearly due to shearing stresses.
\r\n\r\nPhysiographically the area has a mature topography which was formed by the end of the Pleistocene. This mature topography is now being dissected by headward working streams rejuvenated in recent time.
" }, { "name": "Chawner, William Donald", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1934", "title": "The Montrose-La Crescenta (California) Flood of January 1, 1934, and its Sedimentary Aspects", "advisor": "Maxson, John H.; Campbell, Ian", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-07242007-092251", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Chawner", "given": "William Donald" }, "id": "Chawner-William-Donald", "display_name": "Chawner, William Donald" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Maxson", "given": "John H." }, "id": "Maxson-J-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Maxson, John H." }, { "name": { "family": "Campbell", "given": "Ian" }, "id": "Campbell-I", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Campbell, Ian" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/F3ED-0V61", "abstract": "New Year's morning, 1934, the residents of Southern California were aware that the rainstorm of the last two days had been severe, and especially so during the night before. But to most of them, if they thought about it at all, it was only a slight inconvenience. The majority of the residents of Los Angeles County did not realize or suspect that during the night a major disaster had occurred in their midst. The small foothill communities of Montrose\r\nand La Crescenta, twelve miles north of the center of Los Angeles, and a part of the larger community of Glendale, five miles south of Montrose, had been partially torn away or buried by an overwhelming flow of water, mud, and rock from the steep canyons of the San Gabriel Range to the north of them.\r\n\r\n" }, { "name": "Cooksey, Charlton Dows", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1934", "title": "The Geology of Portions of the Humphreys, Sylmar, Newhall, and Saugus Quadrangles, Los Angeles County, California", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03032010-101613792", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Cooksey", "given": "Charlton Dows" }, "id": "Cooksey-Charlton-Dows", "display_name": "Cooksey, Charlton Dows" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/TDR9-Z471", "abstract": "The area investigated is located in the southeastern corner of the Santa Clara River Basin in Los Angeles County, California, near the towns of Saugus and Newhall.
\r\n\r\nFive formations of Tertiary age, bounded on the south and east by the basement complex of the San Gabriel Range, are found in the area. The oldest formation, the Mint Canyon of upper Miocene age is successively overlain by upper Miocene Model, Pliocene Pico, Pliocene-Pleistocene Saugus and Pleistocene Terrace deposits.
\r\n\r\nThese sedimentary formations have been folded and faulted during the two major periods of deformation, the first at the end of the Miocene period when they were acted upon by compressive forces from the north and the second period during which they were subjected to the same set of compressive forces and in addition a new set of forces which caused the uplift of the crystalline mass of the San Gabriel Range. The latter period of deformation occurred after the deposition of the Saugus formation during Pleistocene time.
\r\n" }, { "name": "McNaughton, Duncan Anderson", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1934", "title": "Geology of the Eastern Portion of the San Gabriel Mountains", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01202010-075449566", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "McNaughton", "given": "Duncan Anderson" }, "id": "McNaughton-Duncan-Anderson", "display_name": "McNaughton, Duncan Anderson" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/3CR8-FX22", "abstract": "The San Gabriel Mountains form one of the units of east-\r\nwest trending mountain belt of Southern California. They extend from the San Fernando and Santa Clara Valleys on the\r\nwest to Cajon Pass on the east, and form a topographic boundary between the Mohave Desert on the north and the Coastal plain on the south.
\r\n\r\nThe area, described in this report, occupies a rectangular block, seven miles long and three miles wide, in the eastern portion of the mountains. It lies entirely within San Bernardino County and includes parts of San Antonio, Cucamonga, Hesperia and San Bernardino Quadrangles.
\r\n\r\nWith the exception of the long straight valleys of Lytle\r\nCreek and Lone Pine Canyon, the region is steep and rugged.\r\nElevations range from 2700 feet in Cajon Pass to over 9000\r\nfeet at the summit of Telegraph Peak.
\r\n\r\nMost of the mapped area is quite accessible. The main\r\nhighway between San Bernardino and Los Angeles Playground at\r\nBig Pines is located in Lone Pine Canyon. Paralleling this\r\nroad and one and one-half miles to the southwest, there is\r\na paved road which extends up the North Fork of Lytle Creek\r\nto Stockton Flats. During the greater part of the year it\r\nis possible to drive from Stockton Flats across the range to\r\nCamp Baldy. In addition to these two public highways, there\r\nare numerous roads and trails which have been constructed by\r\nthe United States Forest Service.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Bell, Frank Wagner", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1933", "title": "The Stratigraphy and Foraminiferal Fauna of the Santa Susana Formation", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01142010-143956129", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Bell", "given": "Frank Wagner" }, "id": "Bell-Frank-Wagner", "display_name": "Bell, Frank Wagner" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol", "paleontology" ], "doi": "10.7907/BVMC-GN28", "abstract": "The Santa Susana formation on the north side of the Simi Valley, Ventura County, California consists of 2360 feet of marine sediments. Macro-fossils found by previous workers indicate that the formation represents the the Meganos Eocene. As these fossils came from the upper 300 feet of the formation, nothing was known concerning the correlation of the remainder of the section.
\r\n\r\nAbundant and well preserved foraminifera have been found by the writer through the entire section, with the exception of the lower 275 feet. These micro-fossils indicate that the lower portion of the Santa Susana is also of Meganos age.
\r\n\r\nThe fauna has been found to consist of three distinct faunules which form the basis for the same number of zones. The validity of this zoning must be tested by checking the present section with others in this and other localities. This has not as yet been possible.
\r\n\r\nThe foraminifera indicate that the Santa Susana formation represents two stages of the Gulf Coast Eocene succession, the upper Midway and the overlying Wilcox. Approximately fifty per cent of the total species present in the lower two zones are present in the upper Midway of Texas. The correlation of the upper zone with the Wilcox of Alabama is less certain.
\r\n\r\nSix lithologic members are present in the section which show that the beds became gradually finer from the basal conglomerate upward into the middle shale member and then becomes coarser from the top of the shale member upward. These lithologic members do not correspond with the faunal divisions.
" }, { "name": "Cogen, William Maurice", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1933", "title": "A Study of the Heavy Minerals of the Modelo Formation in the Eastern Portion of the Santa Monica Mountains", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01122010-094652393", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Cogen", "given": "William Maurice" }, "id": "Cogen-William-Maurice", "display_name": "Cogen, William Maurice" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/M8KB-ZP59", "abstract": "Within recent years there has been a renewed interest among geologists in the field of sedimentary petrography. This interest has been rewarded by the accumulation of much new and interesting data. Careful studies of the textures and mineral compositions of formations have yielded important clues regarding climatic and geographic conditions during ancient times. These studies have made it possible in some cases to correlate unfossiliferous sediments.
\r\n\r\nIn this paper the writer is chiefly concerned with the heavy minerals of the Modelo sediments with the view to learning what lateral and vertical variations may occur in the mineral composition of a formation over a small area \u2013 a matter which is of great significance if the minerals are to be used as criteria for correlation \u2013 and to learn something of the paleogeography during the deposition of the sediments in question.
\r\n\r\nAlthough heavy minerals have served as the key to many perplexing problems, they have not been universally used with success. Many of the failures however, are directly attributable to unreasonable expectations on the part of investigators.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Donnelly, Maurice Ghirarr", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1933", "title": "Preliminary Report of the Geology of the Julian Region, California", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01112010-103035470", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Donnelly", "given": "Maurice Ghirarr" }, "id": "Donnelly-Maurice-Ghirarr", "display_name": "Donnelly, Maurice Ghirarr" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/G5C6-NW08", "abstract": "The present paper is a result of field studies carried on in the Julian region during the summer and early fall of 1932. Considerable time was spent in plane table surveying to establish a control for aeroplane pictures used in part to map the geology and locate some of the mine openings. A portion of the Ramona and Cuyamaca sheets of the U.S.G.S. topographic atlas enlarged 5 times from a scale of 1\" = 2 mi. (approximately) to a scale of 1\" = 2000', was used to map certain areas, notably along the western edge of the main schist belt. The accompanying map is a compilation of data plotted on an engineer\u2019s base map prepared by Allen and Rowe, Inc., of San Diego. The hypsography is from portions of the U.S.G.S. Ramona and Cuyamaca Quadrangles, amended by the writer, who has also revised or added certain culture date. (N.B. This is not the appended map.)" }, { "name": "Ericson, David Barnard", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1933", "title": "Geology of the Whittier Hills, California", "advisor": "Maxson, John H.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01202010-112317409", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Ericson", "given": "David Barnard" }, "id": "Ericson-David-Barnard", "display_name": "Ericson, David Barnard" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Maxson", "given": "John H." }, "id": "Maxson-J-H", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Maxson, John H." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/2REH-7E70", "abstract": "The area of 16.3 square miles described in this thesis lies to the northeast of the town of Whittier in the southeast corner of Los Angeles County, California.
\r\n\r\nIt is bounded by the Alluvium which surrounds the area on all sides except in La Habra Canyon where Hudson Road has been taken as the boundary. The Form thus outlined is somewhat elongated in a northwest-southeast direction. Its maximum length is about six and a half miles.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Harshman, Elbert Nelson", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1933", "title": "Geology of the San Jose Hills, Los Angeles County, California", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01192010-083248861", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Harshman", "given": "Elbert Nelson" }, "id": "Harshman-Elbert-Nelson", "display_name": "Harshman, Elbert Nelson" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/13N9-WW58", "abstract": "The San Jose Hills, located in the eastern part of Los Angeles County, California, occupy a rectangular block of some 40 square miles in area, the center of which is 30 miles to the east of Los Angeles (Plate I). Although a separate physiographic unit, the region may be described as that portion of the Puente Hills lying north of the San Jose Wash (Plate II). The area mapped extends from Pomona southwest to Puente, a distance of 11 miles. It may readily be reached from either town, both of which lie on the main line of the Southern Pacific Railroad and on U.S. Highway Number 99, known locally as the Valley Boulevard. All parts of the area are readily accessible, for it is cut by roads in the eastern, central, and western portions." }, { "name": "Holzman, Benjamin", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1933", "title": "Geophysical Applications of Radon Measurements", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01192010-141327691", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Holzman", "given": "Benjamin" }, "id": "Holzman-Benjamin", "display_name": "Holzman, Benjamin" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/GAV8-HN33", "abstract": "In recent literature statements to the effect that a fault will be evidenced by a higher radon concentration in the overlying soil, that the radon content of soil is an oil bearing region is higher, and that soil formations appear to have more or less characteristic radon contents, have appeared.
\r\n\r\nSince radioactive measurements are concerned with extremely small quantities of the order of 10-12 grams of radium per gram of rock, a study of the methods of standardization for radon apparatus is presented in an attempt to indicate the requirements for accurate and precise measurements. The use of a standard radium solution, uranium minerals, and the Duane and Laborde formula are considered.
\r\n\r\nAn analysis of the theory underlying the geophysical applications suggested above indicates that soil formations are not expected to have a more or less characteristic radon content, that a high radon concentration in the overlying soil of an oil bearing region cannot be correlated genetically with the oil, and that it is possible to have a high radon concentration at a fault.
\r\n\r\nA simplified technique for the measurement of radon in solutions adaptable to field work is demonstrated. Surveys of the radon concentration of underground waters of Pasadena, indicated no systematic increase towards the Raymond Fault.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Kemnitzer, Luis Emmett", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1933", "title": "Geology of San Nicolas and Santa Barbara Islands, Southern California", "advisor": "Davis, William Morris", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:02262010-082012598", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Kemnitzer", "given": "Luis Emmett" }, "id": "Kemnitzer-Luis-Emmett", "display_name": "Kemnitzer, Luis Emmett" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Davis", "given": "William Morris" }, "id": "Davis-W-M", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Davis, William Morris" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/G26F-PT33", "abstract": "San Nicolas and Santa Barbara islands are the loneliest and most desolate of the islands lying off the coast of Southern California, collectively referred to as the Channel Islands. Because of their isolation, smallness and unattractiveness they probably are the least known of the entire group. The islands have been mentioned casually in the geologic literature, but there is, so far as the writer knows, no definite statements concerning the geology of either of the islands. The geology of the two islands is dissimilar and they present individual problems; although the geologic history of each island is intimately connected with that of the other Channel Islands and the nearby mainland. It is the purpose of this discussion to present the geologic features and the physiographic history of each of the two islands and to draw some conclusions regarding their part in the general development of the present coast line of Southern California." }, { "name": "Krick, Irving Parkhurst", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1933", "title": "Topography Versus Air Masses: a Discussion of the Phenomena Associated With the Passage of Air Masses Over the Irregularities of the Earth's Surface", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01142010-112127246", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Krick", "given": "Irving Parkhurst" }, "id": "Krick-Irving-Parkhurst", "display_name": "Krick, Irving Parkhurst" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "meteor" ], "doi": "10.7907/J2T7-4638", "abstract": "The following paper deals with the effects of the Earth\u2019s topographic features upon the physical properties of air masses. The subject is an extensive one and no attempt will be made at an exhaustive study at this time, but rather a general treatment will be outlined, the detail of which will be attempted at a later date." }, { "name": "Popenoe, Willis Parkison", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1933", "title": "Transposed Hinge Structures in Lamellibranchs", "advisor": "Stock, Chester", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01082010-083809239", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Popenoe", "given": "Willis Parkison" }, "id": "Popenoe-Willis-Parkison", "display_name": "Popenoe, Willis Parkison" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Stock", "given": "Chester" }, "id": "Stock-C", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Stock, Chester" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "paleontology" ], "doi": "10.7907/XXJF-9T66", "abstract": "In the course of study of a collection of Eocene fossils\r\nfrom Claiborne, Alabama, the senior author of this paper noticed two valves, one right and one left, of the lamellibranch Venericardia parva Lea, in which the dentition is partially transposed. Subsequently, the author made an examination of more than five thousand lamellibranch valves, representing both recent and fossil shells, in search of further examples of hinge-transposition. We have found a total number of twenty-six valves exhibiting this variation.
\r\n\r\nStudy of these specimens has revealed some hitherto unreported facts regarding the principles of hinge-transposition. Therefore in this paper, we shall describe and discuss these specimens, and shall present such conclusions as seem justified by the data assembled.
\r\n\r\nCitations to the literature are made by author, date, and\r\npage, referring to the list at the end of the paper.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Bolles, Lawrence William", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1932", "title": "Geology of the Las Flores and Dry Canyon Quadrangles, Los Angeles County, California", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01062010-094135319", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Bolles", "given": "Lawrence William" }, "id": "Bolles-Lawrence-William", "display_name": "Bolles, Lawrence William" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/KGKH-RK06", "abstract": "The Santa Monica Mountains trend in an east-west direction and in this region lie north of and parallel to the sea. The area included in this report consists of a strip of land six miles wide and ten miles long reaching from the sea northward to the west end of San Fernando Valley. It is, then, a section six miles wide directly across the axis, and in the center of the Santa Monica Mountains in southern California.
\r\n\r\nThe rocks are highly faulted, the faulting increasing in intensity toward the sea. The older sediments are on the south side of the range, the younger on the north. A fairly complete section is present from upper Cretaceous to upper Miocene in age.
\r\n\r\nThe Cretaceous Chico and Eocene Martinez formations have not been separately mapped. They are represented by a maximum possible thickness of about 6000 feet of conglomerates, sandstones and shales, the thickness probably being far less than that figure. A few limestone reefs are present, particularly in the Martinez. In both the Chico and Martinez beds conglomerates of well rounded cobbles are very characteristic and serve, generally, to identify immediately the age of the sediments containing them.
\r\n\r\nAbout 4000 feet of Sespe beds, mostly continental in origin, are present. The strata consist of a coarse, arkosic sand containing scattered pebbles, the entire body being usually a pink or pinkish purple color. The age may be anywhere from upper Eocene to lower Miocene but it is thought that at least the upper part of the section present is Vaqueros (lower Miocene) in age. No fossils wore found in the formation.
\r\n\r\nThe middle Miocene is represented by a thickness of Topanga beds varying in thickness from 3,630 feet to 9000 feet. In Old Topanga Canyon the strata consist of alternating beds of yellow sandstone, shale and some conglomerate. Fossils are fairly abundant and are characterized by a Turritella ocoyana fauna. To the west the beds thicken remarkably and a lower member 4000 feet thick is present. This member consists almost entirely of a coarse, massive, yellow sandstone containing a few specimens of Turritella ocoyana near its base. It is overlain by 5000 feet of sandstones, shales and conglomerates, much the same lithologically as the beds in Old Topanga Canyon. Intrusions of a black basalt occurred in middle Topanga time. The basalt appears to have been nearly all intrusive and was accompanied by considerable minor faulting.
\r\n\r\nThe Topanga formation is overlain with marked unconformity by siliceous and punky shales of Modelo (upper Miocene) age. The shales grade very rapidly laterally into sandstone lenses, some of them of considerable size. Both pre-Modelo and post-Modelo folding has occurred. No beds younger than Modelo in age are found in the area. As the Modelo was the last formation to be deposited it is now being rapidly eroded and the thickness of Modelo beds exposed is exceedingly variable. At no place in the area does it exceed 3000 feet.
\r\n\r\nFaults are numerous and, in general, form two systems, one east-west, the other north-south in direction. The two largest faults in the area are the Topanga (east-west) and the Las Flores (north-south) faults. The latter has the largest displacement of any fault in the area, namely 2000 feet.
\r\n\r\nSeveral large folds have been developed with their axes trending in a north-northwest direction. Some of the folding occurred in pre-Modelo time but most of it occurred after Modelo deposition, the original folds being further steepened, the axes of folding remaining the same.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Clark, Alex", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1932", "title": "The Cool-Water Timms Point Pleistocene Horizon at San Pedro, California", "advisor": "Woodring, Wendell P.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01062010-100134612", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Clark", "given": "Alex" }, "id": "Clark-Alex", "display_name": "Clark, Alex" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Woodring", "given": "Wendell P." }, "id": "Woodring-W-P", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Woodring, Wendell P." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/CGGT-Z639", "abstract": "Timms Point is located in the southeastern part of the town of San Pedro, Los Angeles County, California, just east of the south end of Harbor Boulevard, along the bluff facing the harbor. It is part of the abandoned sea cliff extending from a locality near Point Fermin northward along the east side of the town. The cliff is about forty feet high and its top represents the lowest of a number of marine terraces cut in the Palos Verdes Hills.
\r\n\r\nSince Arnold studied the stratigraphy and faunas of San Pedro no account of the section exposed at Timms Point has been published. As at that time the exposures there were poor, only 28 species of mollusks were collected and no detailed observations could be made with reference to the stratigraphy. It, therefore, seems desirable to record the results of an examination of the stratigraphy and fossils.
\r\n\r\nA fauna of 155 species of mollusks, bryozoa, and brachiopods has now been collected and studied from the so-called Pliocene beds exposed at Timms Point. Foraminifera and ostracods, the former in great abundance, were collected, but not studied. A close scrutiny of the physical evidence and the fossils seems to indicate the presence of two minor faunal zones.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Findlay, Willard Alexander", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1932", "title": "Geology of a Part of the San Joaquin Hills", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01192010-082443676", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Findlay", "given": "Willard Alexander" }, "id": "Findlay-Willard-Alexander", "display_name": "Findlay, Willard Alexander" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/17TV-5408", "abstract": "The work on which the present report is based has\r\nbeen done by Mr. Francis D. Bode and the present writer.\r\nThe problem was originally taken up as a thesis project\r\nfor the degree of Bachelor of Science at the California\r\nInstitute of Technology. Since that time, the author has\r\nspent all time available for research under the Institute\r\ncurriculum for the Master's Degree on this problem. Mr. Bode has also spent a considerable amount of time on the\r\narea since the original theses were written. This study\r\nhas been carried on under the direction of Dr. John P. Buwalda, chairman of the Division of Geology and Paleontology at the California Institute of Technology.
\r\n\r\nThe ultimate object in view in this work is a detailed\r\nknowledge of the structure and stratigraphy, as well as\r\nof the fauna of the area. The immediate result desired\r\nin this thesis was a general account of the major structural\r\nfeatures and a general knowledge of the stratigraphy and\r\nfaunas. This last result is thought to have been accomplished. Detail of structure in many parts of the area have yet to be worked out. In the region between Laguna and Abalone Point Canyon near the coast, particularly, the structure shown on the map here presented is subject to revision. It is apparently complicated and our present conclusions may be considerably altered in detail with further work. Likewise, the general stratigraphic column is thought to be satisfactorily known. Finer subdivisions can be made and mapped; but it was not possible to do so for the present report. There is a great deal of paleontologic material to be found in the Hills. Collections thus far made are probably representative but not complete. The paleontologic determinations here presented are tentative; further work will, however, probably not alter the general conclusions drawn from the paleontologic evidence. It is hoped by Mr. Bode and myself that, in the course of work to be pursued for the Doctor\u2019s Degree, we shall be able to complete a detailed study of the Hills. Mr. Bode proposes to continue work on the structure; and I hope to make detailed studies of the petrology and faunas of the\r\nVaqueros and Temblor formations.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Kelley, Vincent Cooper", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1932", "title": "Geology of the Santa Monica Mountains, West of the Malibu Ranch, Ventura County, California", "advisor": "Buwalda, John P.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01212010-093518512", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Kelley", "given": "Vincent Cooper" }, "id": "Kelley-Vincent-Cooper", "display_name": "Kelley, Vincent Cooper" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Buwalda", "given": "John P." }, "id": "Buwalda-J-P", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Buwalda, John P." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/T36S-TA59", "abstract": "Structurally the western end of the Santa Monica Mountains is a broad east-west anticline with much of its south limb down-faulted beneath the ocean. A parallel series of Vaqueros and Temblor strata are exposed in the fold. Although the series is conformable, there appears to be a distinct lithologic as well as faunal difference between the two formations.
\r\n\r\nConformably overlying the Temblor is a thick series of lavas and pyroclastics which aggregate about 13,000 feet. The total thickness of the Vaqueros and Temblor sediments is approximately 10,000 feet, and added to this is at least 1,000 feet of intrusive sills. Thus the entire conformable series has an aggregate thickness of about four and one half miles. As might be expected the lower strata are unusually indurated.
\r\n\r\nThe Sycamore Canyon fault and its Blue Canyon branch are the major fractures of the area. These faults strike in a northeasterly direction across the trend of the fold and bound a wedge-shaped horst of Vaqueros and Temblor strata between downthrown Temblor rocks on either side.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Phleger, Fred B.", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1932", "title": "Notes on Certain Ordovician Faunas of the Inyo Mountains, California", "advisor": "Popenoe, Willis Parkison", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:03152010-142809831", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Phleger", "given": "Fred B." }, "id": "Phleger-Fred-B", "display_name": "Phleger, Fred B." } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Popenoe", "given": "Willis Parkison" }, "id": "Popenoe-W-P", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Popenoe, Willis Parkison" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "paleontology" ], "doi": "10.7907/5KXB-FZ74", "abstract": "The Inyo range is situated in east central California. It is bordered on the west by Owens valley and on the east by Deep Spring and Saline valleys. The range trends northwest-southeasterly, and is separated on the south from the Coso mountains by a broad depression east of Olancha. Mount Montgomery is its northern extremity. Together with the White mountains, a term now restricted to the northern portion of the range, the Inyos are about 110 miles in length. The average elevation is about 10,000 feet.
\r\n\r\nThe sedimentary rocks of the range have a total thickness of more than 36,000 feet, with every system from the pre-Cambrian to the Jurassic, excepting the Silurian, represented. Structurally, the sedimentary rocks from a broad, low anticline flanked on the west by a complemental syncline, both of which strike to the northwest and plunge to the southeast. Southwardly the stratigraphic position of the rocks exposed becomes successively higher, with the pre-Cambrian outcropping in the north and the Jurassic in the south. This simple structure has been modified by complex faulting.
\r\n\r\nDuring the fall of 1931 the writer spent several day in the Inyo range with Dr. John H. Bradley, Jr. collecting fossils, and it was at his suggestion that the present study was begun. The field work was continued during the following winter and spring.
\r\n\r\nThe purpose of this paper is to describe the faunas and stratigraphy of the Barrel Springs and Mazourka formations of Ordovician age as exposed in the Inyo range north and east of Independence, California.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Ross, Roland Case", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1932", "title": "Fossil Geese of the McKittrick Asphalt Deposits", "advisor": "Stock, Chester", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01082010-091209877", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Ross", "given": "Roland Case" }, "id": "Ross-Roland-Case", "display_name": "Ross, Roland Case" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Stock", "given": "Chester" }, "id": "Stock-C", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Stock, Chester" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "paleontology" ], "doi": "10.7907/2YAN-DQ47", "abstract": "The geese although widespread in Recent times and well known have always been difficult of classification. Richard Lydekker (1910) says: \"Although it has been attempted to divide the members of the order (Anseres) into several distinct families, the whole of them are so nearly allied that it seems impossible to do more than group the genera of the one family Anatidae under several subfamilies, and even some of these are very difficult of definition.\" The Anserinae or geese are one of these intergrading subfamilies.
\r\n\r\nThe difficulties encountered in the determination and classification of modern geese from osteological criteria alone have severely handicapped the recognition of fossil members of the Anserinae. The present problem involved (1) an attempt to obtain a series of structural characters in the major skeletal elements by which specific types or geese can be distinguished, and -- (2) an application or these distinguishing characteristics in the study of the fossil goose material from the McKittrick Pleistocene with a view to determining the types of geese present in the fauna from these asphalt deposits.
\r\n\r\nAs a result of the critical examination of modern types, sufficient data are assembled to show the intergradation of twelve native races. The same studies are being applied to foreign geese, bringing the races under observation to a total of twenty-four, which is 72% of the known Anserine species. The interspecific gradation is found to arise in a remarkable range of individual variation, coupled with sex, age and possibly health variations. Because of this variability within a species the criteria of current usage, length and stoutness, are seen to be mostly incorrect, and seldom usable. However, these data are quite useful in showing the extent of variation within particular species of geese, as follows.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Scharf, David Walter", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1932", "title": "A Miocene Mammalian Fauna From Sucker Creek, Southeastern Oregon", "advisor": "Stock, Chester", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01082010-114352859", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Scharf", "given": "David Walter" }, "id": "Scharf-David-Walter", "display_name": "Scharf, David Walter" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Stock", "given": "Chester" }, "id": "Stock-C", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Stock, Chester" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "paleontology" ], "doi": "10.7907/24NW-X545", "abstract": "Deposits occurring along Sucker Creek, a tributary of the Snake River, in southeastern Oregon, have yielded a small mammalian fauna which is correlated with the Virgin Valley fauna of Nevada and the Mascall fauna of Oregon, both of Middle Miocene age. The Sucker Creek fauna, though much less complete, closely resembles that from Skull Spring, a locality forty miles to the west. The beds are correlated with the Fayette formation of southwestern Idaho and have yielded also a Payette flora. The fauna indicates a semi-humid, forest environment." }, { "name": "Webb, Robert Wallace", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1932", "title": "The Geology of Eastern Sierra Pelona Ridge and Vicinity in the Southeastern Part of the Elizabeth Lake Quadrangle, California", "advisor": "Buwalda, John P.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01202010-155705552", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Webb", "given": "Robert Wallace" }, "id": "Webb-Robert-Wallace", "display_name": "Webb, Robert Wallace" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Buwalda", "given": "John P." }, "id": "Buwalda-J-P", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Buwalda, John P." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/VVAE-MW19", "abstract": "The areal geology of a part of the Elizabeth Lake quadrangle, Southern California, shows four types of plutonic rocks and their hypabyssal equivalents; an Archaen metamorphic series of sedimentary origin; Tertiary volcanics, flows and associated tufts, with basal fanglomorate beds. Faulting is extensive. The San Andreas and one other large fault border the area. Minor faults are numerous. There are no known deposits of commercial value in the area.\r\n" }, { "name": "Wilson, Robert Warren", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1932", "title": "Rodents and Lagomorphs of the Carpinteria Asphalt", "advisor": "Stock, Chester", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01082010-153944490", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Wilson", "given": "Robert Warren" }, "id": "Wilson-Robert-Warren", "display_name": "Wilson, Robert Warren" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Stock", "given": "Chester" }, "id": "Stock-C", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Stock, Chester" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "paleontology" ], "doi": "10.7907/DT2S-EW61", "abstract": "Plant and animal remains were first discovered in the Carpinteria asphalt deposits on the Higgins Ranch near the town of Carpinteria early in 1927. A preliminary announcement of the occurrence was published by Hoffman, Stock, and Chaney.(1927) Since then more detailed work carried on at the locality has furnished additional and larger collections of bird and mammal material. While the bird assemblage has been determined by Loye Miller(1931)\r\nand by Alden Miller(1932:), no very complete set of the mammals is as yet available. The present study embodies a critical determination of the various rodent and rabbit types occurring in the fauna with a view to establishing evidence of value in an interpretation of the age relationships of the deposits and of the environmental conditions under which the mammalian fauna existed. The problem was suggested by Doctor Chester Stock of the California Institute of Technology to whom the author is indebted for guidance during the course of the investigation and for criticism of the manuscript.
\r\n\r\nThe author also wishes to thank the staff of the late Mr. Donald R. Dickey at the California Institute of Technology for their courtesy in permitting tree use of their collections of Recent mammals.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Bode, Francis Dashwood", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1931", "title": "Characters Useful in Determining the Position of Individual Teeth in the Permanent Cheek-Tooth Series of Merychippine Horses", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01062010-105431925", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Bode", "given": "Francis Dashwood" }, "id": "Bode-Francis-Dashwood", "display_name": "Bode, Francis Dashwood" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "paleontology" ], "doi": "10.7907/KZFK-FX30", "abstract": "Cheek-teeth of fossil horses display structural characters which have long been recognized as of considerable value in establishing the relationships of these forms and in furnishing suggestions as to the age\r\nof the deposits in which the fossils occur. In later Cenozoic formations of western North America where complete skulls and skeletal materials are not always available, identification of members of the Equidae is often based on single teeth.
\r\n\r\nIn the study of an individual hypsodont equine tooth difficulty is frequently encountered in determining with certainty its position in the cheek-tooth series. Variation in the enamel pattern as exhibited by the molars and premolars makes it particularly desirable to know where an individual tooth belongs in the series.
\r\n\r\nThe problem of identifying teeth when detached from jaws arose in the study of a large number of merychippine teeth secured by the California Institute in the Merychippus Zone of the north Coalinga region, California. The collections from this Miocene horizon include approximately two thousand separate horse teeth, representing principally\r\nthe species Merychippus californicus Merriam. While characters which assist in determining the position of a tooth apply particularly to this species, the criteria on which identification is made are applicable to individual teeth in a number of generic types of horses from the later Cenozoic.
\r\n\r\nThe problem was suggested by Dr. Chester Stock under whose supervision it was investigated. The writer wishes to express his thanks to Dr. Stock for his kindly guidance during the course of the study. The illustrations have been prepared by Mr. John L. Ridgway.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Daly, John Warlaumont", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1931", "title": "The Geology and Mineralogy of the Limestone Deposits at Crestmore, Riverside County, California", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01082010-081608834", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Daly", "given": "John Warlaumont" }, "id": "Daly-John-Warlaumont", "display_name": "Daly, John Warlaumont" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/W4M0-X818", "abstract": "This report describes the work done in an area roughly seven square miles in extent. More specifically it includes all, or parts of, sections 31, 32, 33 and 34, T.1.S.,R.5 W.,S.B.B. and M., and of sections 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9 and 10, T.2.S.,R.5 W.,S.B.B. and M.
\r\n\r\nCrestmore lies on the extreme lobe of the Jurupa Mountains, an east west range roughly eight miles\r\nlong and three miles wide. This range parallels the\r\nfront of the San Gabriel Mountains and rises above the\r\nflood plain of the Santa Ana River in the manner of a\r\ntypical \"inselberg\".
\r\n\r\nThe cement plant and the limestone quarries of the Riverside Cement Company are located at Crestmore.\r\nIn addition it is a station on an interurban line. Hence\r\nthe locality is accessible to the geologist and mineralogist\r\nboth by trolley and by way of good paved highways.
\r\n\r\nQuarrying operations were started at Crestmore some seventeen years ago. The material was first used for\r\ncement, road metal, and sugar refining. With the increased\r\nvalue and demand for cement the quarrying operations were\r\ngiven over entirely to cement materials.
\r\n\r\nMineralogical interest was first aroused when a\r\nspecimen of blue calcite with monticellite and xantophyllite\r\nwere sent to A. S. Eakle. The first publication appeared\r\nin 1914 (1) and since then numerous papers have been published by A. S. Eakle, W. F. Foahag, A. F. Rogers\r\nand others.
\r\n\r\nThe purpose of the present investigation was to study the general geology and determine the origin of the minerals associated with the limestone and the other rooks of the area. The economic aspects of the deposits\r\nwere also investigated.
\r\n\r\nThe mapping done in the Crestmore quarries was on a scale of 1\u2019 = 100\u2019 on a map kindly furnished by the Riverside Cement Company. The hills to the east of\r\nthe quarries were mapped on a portion of the U.S.G.S. San\r\nBernardino Quadrangle, originally of the scale of 1:62500,\r\nbut which was photographically enlarged to a scale of\r\n1:31260. A light plane table and a Brunton compass were\r\nused in determining locations.
\r\n\r\nBesides the fact that the climate is of the semi-arid type, common for Southern California, this particular district is the center of strong winds. In the winter,\r\nthese blow from the Mohave Desert southward thru the Cajon\r\nPass. In the summer the prevailing winds come from the\r\ncoast thru Santa Ana Canyon.
\r\n\r\nThe highest and lowest point in the area are 2000 feet and 900 feet respectively, the relief in general averages less than this. Regional drainage flows to the southwest into the Santa Ana River.
\r\n\r\nThe underbrush is not thick and is burned over in a large part. As a consequence of this and of the steep\r\nrelief, exposures are generally good. The quarries offer an excellent opportunity to collect fresh samples.\r\nNear the cement plant the rocks have been covered with\r\ndust and have been glazed in such a manner that recognition\r\nof rock types is often rendered difficult.
\r\n\r\nThe writer wishes to acknowledge the help given\r\nby Mr. Rene Engel under whose supervision this work was\r\nconducted. He wishes to thank the officials of the\r\nRiverside Cement Company. Mr. John Treanor, Mr. G. A.\r\nBeckett, and Mr. Earl MacDonald, for their permission to\r\nmake a geologic map of the quarries. Mr. Thomas Mullan,\r\nchemist for the Riverside Cement Company, has very generously made numerous analyses for the author and has collected samples for him. Mr. C. A. Robotham of the Mining\r\nDepartment of the Riverside Cement Company has made many\r\nhelpful suggestions.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Lohman, Kenneth Elmo", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1931", "title": "Diatoms From the Modelo Formation (Upper Miocene) Near Girard, Los Angeles County, California", "advisor": "Woodring, Wendell P.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-08302004-111639", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Lohman", "given": "Kenneth Elmo" }, "id": "Lohman-Kenneth-Elmo", "display_name": "Lohman, Kenneth Elmo" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Woodring", "given": "Wendell P." }, "id": "Woodring-W-P", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Woodring, Wendell P." } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/FGCS-R208", "abstract": "The abundance of organic shales in the Upper Miocene strata of Southern California and the uncertainty which often has attended the determination of their age, has made a study of the diatoms which they contain desirable. These Upper Miocene shales have been variously mapped as belonging wholly or in part to the Pico, Fernando, Puente, Monterey, and Modelo formations, and it was with the hope of aiding in the clarification of this complex that the present investigation was undertaken. The Upper Miocene is well exposed in many places in Southern California, but seldom are the relations to the underlying formations so well shown as along the North flank of the Santa Monica Mountains in the vicinity of Girard, near the western border of Los Angeles County. Due to numerous road cuts, both for real estate subdivision and for highway purposes, excellent exposures are obtainable across the entire Upper Miocene.
\r\n\r\nThe general locality is indicated on Plate I, which shows Los Angeles County, California, as well as portions of adjacent counties. Plate II, a portion of the Reseda, Calif., and Dry Canyon, Calif., Quadrangles of the United States Geological Survey, shows in more detail the section investigated, as well as the location of the fossil collections.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Taylor, George Frederic", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1931", "title": "The Geology of the Merced Hills, Los Angeles County, California, With a Section on the Radioactivity of the Oils and Waters", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01082010-142004527", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Taylor", "given": "George Frederic" }, "id": "Taylor-George-Frederic", "display_name": "Taylor, George Frederic" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/9SE7-TE84", "abstract": "The area discussed in this paper lies in the Merced\r\nHills about 9 miles east of the center of Los Angeles,\r\nCalifornia. To the east lie the Rio Hondo and the San\r\nGabriel River and east of the valley containing these\r\nrivers are the Puente Hills. The western edge of the\r\narea mapped merges into the Repetto Hills which extend\r\nwest nearly to the Los Angeles River. The oil field,\r\nfrom which samples of oil and water were obtained for\r\nthe radioactive measurements, is located along the\r\nsouth-eastern margin and in eastern portion of the\r\nMerced Hills and is called the Montebello Field, after\r\nthe town of that name about a mile south of the field.\r\n" }, { "name": "Eckis, Rollin Pollard", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1930", "title": "The Geology of the Southern Part of the Indio Quadrangle, California", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-10162002-131703", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Eckis", "given": "Rollin Pollard" }, "id": "Eckis-Rollin-Pollard", "display_name": "Eckis, Rollin Pollard" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/6NCJ-NV47", "abstract": "Spurs of the Peninsular Range of Southern California extend southeasterly into the Salton Sink at several places along its western margin, and thus produce a mountain front characterized by deep re-entrant valleys. The origin of these peculiar features has been much discussed, and with this problem in view the present investigation was undertaken.
\r\n\r\nA strip about 15 miles wide across the southern portion of the Indio Quadrangle, extending from the Salton Sea westerly to the upland area of the main Peninsular Range has been studied in some detail. Special attention has been given to the structure.
\r\n\r\nThis area includes two spurs, the Santa Rosa and Coyote spurs, and two re-entrant valleys, Clark and Borego Valleys.
" }, { "name": "Hookway, Lozell Charles", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1930", "title": "Geology of a Portion of the Lompoc Quadrangle of Santa Barbara County, California", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01082010-115426058", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Hookway", "given": "Lozell Charles" }, "id": "Hookway-Lozell-Charles", "display_name": "Hookway, Lozell Charles" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/HG9P-D339", "abstract": "In the southern coastal region of California the Tertiary\r\nformations are extensively developed and present many problems of geological interest. The development of their petroleum contents make them of marked economic interest. An\r\narea in the Santa Ynez Range was chosen with a view to working out in some detail the structure and stratigraphy of this division of the coast range.
\r\n\r\nThe earliest reports of the geology of the Santa Ynez Range are to be found in the Pacific Railroad Exploration Reports and the Geological Survey of California. Thomas Antisell and Albert H. Campbell described the main topographic features, and noted the presence of asphaltic rocks. The Tertiary age of most of the sedimentary rocks was recognized, but the structural features and the relations of the rocks were in the main misinterpreted. Fairbanks in his paper on the \"Geology of Northern Ventura, Santa Barbara, San Luis Obispo, Monterey, and San Benito Counties\" discussed the Santa Ynez Range. \"There can be no doubt that the main portion of the Santa Ynez Range is Miocene with a general anticlinal structure, well shown in San Marcos Pass\". \"The normal type of anticlinal structure is also marked by an east west compression, producing features, however, of secondary importance.\" \r\n\"As viewed from the south at various points the range consists of heavy bedded sandstones dipping at a high angle to the south.\" J.D. Whitney, Blake, Diller, and Eldridge, have made reports on the general region of the Santa Ynez Valley. Arnold and Anderson have covered this area in their report on the Santa Maria Oil District of California.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Murphy, Franklin Mac", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1930", "title": "Geology and Ore Deposits of a Part of the Panamint Range, California", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01202010-113737230", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Murphy", "given": "Franklin Mac" }, "id": "Murphy-Franklin-Mac", "display_name": "Murphy, Franklin Mac" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/NA5M-GD58", "abstract": "The Panamint Range is a normal basin-range tilted fault-block, uplifted probably in Tertiary time and rejuvenated by very complex recent faulting on the west. This great block is approximately 100 miles long, but the area covered by the reconnaissance geologic map embraces a tract of country in the southern portion of the range about 25 miles from north to south. The range occupies a commanding position, forming the west wall of Death Valley almost throughout its entire length and the east wall of the somewhat smaller, but very similar, Panamint Valley. The rooks consist of a great thickness of undifferentiated metamorphic complex, embracing schists, gneisses, and marble, predominantly of sedimentary origin, unjected by granitic rocks and out by diabase dikes. These are overlain by less highly metamorphosed slaty schists and dolomitic limestones, separated by a nonconformity from a succession of rooks consisting largely of limestones, dolomites and schists. The age of the rooks is unknown, but is believed to range from pre-Cambrian to lower Paleozoic. Structure within the range is not entirely clear and that of certain rook masses is indeterminable. The older rooks on the west slope show a westward dip of the foliation, while the younger rooks forming the crest of the range and the Death Valley side, dip gently eastward. A general lenticular character of the older rooks is characteristic, and, in general, folding is of major importance. Deposits of gold, lead and antimony occur in various places in the range, but the silver-bearing quartz veins in the Panamint district are of chief interest. The latter occur principally in limestone, but also in schist, and are strong fissure veins of Mesozoic age.\r\n" }, { "name": "Sutherland, John Clark", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1930", "title": "The Clays of Orange and Riverside Counties, Southern California", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01192010-095117559", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Sutherland", "given": "John Clark" }, "id": "Sutherland-John-Clark", "display_name": "Sutherland, John Clark" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/PH0S-NP97", "abstract": "In this paper the author seeks to describe the geological relations and properties of the more important clay producing areas in Riverside and Orange Counties, Southern California. As a result of his work he finds that the clays are found in a particular Tertiary formation, of Martinez age. They were deposited under continental conditions at the edge of a gradually encroaching sea. The clays are invariably associated with lignitic shales and coals and thus represent deposition in a humid, probably temperate climate under extremely reducing conditions.\r\n" }, { "name": "Clements, Thomas", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1929", "title": "Geology of a Portion of the Southeast Quarter of the Tejon Quadrangle, Los Angeles County, California", "advisor": "Buwalda, John P.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01042010-091125453", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Clements", "given": "Thomas" }, "id": "Clements-Thomas", "display_name": "Clements, Thomas" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Buwalda", "given": "John P." }, "id": "Buwalda-J-P", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Buwalda, John P." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/S6H4-QA15", "abstract": "In this area of some thirty-eight square miles in the\r\nsoutheast corner of the Tejon Quadrangle, are exposed\r\nigneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. The metamorphics are mainly schists derived from former sediments, and Pre-Jurassic in age. The sedimentary rocks occupy the principal part of the area and represent deposition in Martinez, Sespe, Mint Canyon, Modelo, Saugus and Quaternary times. The igneous rock is an isolated remnant of acidic lava probably of Miocene age.
\r\n\r\nThree prominent faults are found in and immediately\r\nadjacent to the area; the San Francisquito, partly overthrust, partly normal in character; the Bee Canyon Fault, normal; and the fault just north of the area, which is also normal. Some folding occurs, probably related to the\r\nfaulting.
\r\n\r\nPerhaps the two most important facts brought out by\r\nthe study are the apparently lateral and upward grading of\r\nnon-marine Mint Canyon sediments into marine Modelo, and the\r\noverthrust nature of the San Francisquito Fault in the\r\ncanyon of the same name.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Sandberg, Edward Charles", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1929", "title": "The Gold Quartz Veins of the Julian District, California", "advisor": "Ransome, Frederick Leslie", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:08192024-221334740", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Sandberg", "given": "Edward Charles" }, "id": "Sandberg-Edward-Charles", "display_name": "Sandberg, Edward Charles" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Ransome", "given": "Frederick Leslie" }, "id": "Ransome-F-L", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Ransome, Frederick Leslie" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/my86-r714", "abstract": "No abstract." }, { "name": "Southwick, Thomas Scott", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1929", "title": "Geology of a Portion of the Santa Ana Mountains, California", "advisor": "Buwalda, John P.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:01042010-084811253", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Southwick", "given": "Thomas Scott" }, "id": "Southwick-Thomas-Scott", "display_name": "Southwick, Thomas Scott" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Buwalda", "given": "John P." }, "id": "Buwalda-J-P", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Buwalda, John P." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/VRF8-M041", "abstract": "In this paper is presented a geologic map of a part of the southern Santa Ana mountains. Studies in lithology were made especially of the Tejon formation. The structure was found to be simple with a few faults which were studied by the writer, especially the Cristianitos and the San Onofre faults. The physiographic and geologic history are discussed. Finally, some clay deposits of economic importance arc described.
\r\n\r\nThe area described in this report comprises about seventy-five square miles in the southern portion of the Santa Ana mountains in Southern California, and embraces parts of Orange and San Diego counties. See Plate I.\r\nThis area is covered by the south-east corner of the Corona, and the north-east corner of the Capistrano quadrangles, respectively.
\r\n\r\nThe region was studied, at the suggestion of Dr. J. P. Buwalda, in the nature of a research problem requisite to the Master of Science degree. The Santa Ana mountains present many interesting problems, to some of which the writer directed his attention. In this connection, it should be indicated that these problems are to a great extent regional ones, and that a study, even though intensive, can only shed light on these rather than solve them. For this reason, the writer did not hesitate to draw freely upon the information in the several reports on this general region, especially the notably paper by A.O. Woodford. (Woodford, A.O., The San Onofre Breccia \u2013 Its Nature and Origin.: Univ. Cal. Publ., vol. 15, No. 7, pp 159-280, 1925). Specific references to these papers will be made throughout the course of this report. An excellent\r\nbibliography will be found in Woodford\u2019s paper.
\r\n\r\nA brief statement of the general geology of this portion of Southern California will perhaps clarify somewhat the following discussions. The Santa Ana mountains are a tilted, seaward sloping mountain block with a very straight and abrupt fault scarp that faces the north-east and overlooks the Perris peneplain. The block is an elevated peneplain with Cretaceous and Tertiary sediments upon its flanks grading into the coastal plain. Farther south, the structure becomes somewhat more complicated due to other mountain ranges, but the same tilted structure predominates.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Gazin, Charles Lewis", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1928", "title": "Tertiary Mammal Bearing Beds in the Upper Cuyama Drainage Basin, California", "advisor": "Stock, Chester", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-03022005-131625", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Gazin", "given": "Charles Lewis" }, "id": "Gazin-Charles-Lewis", "display_name": "Gazin, Charles Lewis" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Stock", "given": "Chester" }, "id": "Stock-C", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Stock, Chester" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "paleontology" ], "doi": "10.7907/0AN6-V495", "abstract": "The discovery of Tertiary mammalian remains in the vicinity of Apache Canyon, in the upper Cuyama drainage basin, Ventura County, California, was made by Mr. John B. Stevens, Geologist of the Associated Oil Company. Further collecting in this region has furnished a fauna of considerable stratigraphic and biologic significance. A study of the geologic features of the area and of the mammalian collection was undertaken primarily with a view to establishing the position and relationships of the assemblage in the sequence of Tertiary faunas known from the Pacific Coast and Great Basin provinces. Investigation of the problem was conducted under the direction of Dr. Chester Stock." }, { "name": "Maxson, John Haviland", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1928", "title": "A Tertiary Mammalian Fauna from the Mint Canyon Formation, Southern California", "advisor": "Stock, Chester", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-02252005-112446", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Maxson", "given": "John Haviland" }, "id": "Maxson-John-Haviland", "display_name": "Maxson, John Haviland" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Stock", "given": "Chester" }, "id": "Stock-C", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Stock, Chester" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/X99H-2M15", "abstract": "The Mint Canyon beds, typically exposed in Mint Canyon seven miles northeast of Saugus, California, were described by Dr. W. S. W. Kew in Bulletin 753 (1924) of the United States Geological Survey. In 1919 during the course of geologic mapping of this region by Dr. Kew, fossil vertebrate remains were found at several localities. The types represented in the collection were recorded in Kew\u2019s paper in a provisional list submitted by Dr. Chester Stock. However, no detailed study was made of this material. Further mammalian remains have been recently secured from the Mint Canyon formation by Mr. Thomas Clements during geologic study of the Tejon Quadrangle.
\r\n\r\nIn view of the geologic position of the Mint Canyon beds, intercalated in a series of marine formations of the Pacific Coast marine province, the terrestrial fauna secured from these deposits is not only important in establishing the age of the Mint Canyon but also furnishes a basis for comparing the Tertiary record of this region with that of the Great Basin to the east. Opportunities to correlate the Tertiary marine record with the terrestrial record of the Great Basin and of the Great Plains on the basis of land vertebrates are of infrequent occurrence and warrant in the present instance a careful survey of the Mint Canyon fauna.
" }, { "name": "Nickell, Frank Andrew", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1928", "title": "The Geology of the Southwestern Part of Lake Elizabeth Quadrangle Between San Francisquito and Bouquet Canyons", "advisor": "Unknown, Unknown", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:12242009-111159323", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Nickell", "given": "Frank Andrew" }, "id": "Nickell-Frank-Andrew", "display_name": "Nickell, Frank Andrew" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/T68G-AQ61", "abstract": "The San Andreas Rift forms one of the largest and most continuous structural features in the world and as a fault system, has few equals in magnitude of displacements, complexity of movement or size of area affected. The structural relation resulting from the continued movement upon it and auxiliary fault systems is typical of Coast Range structure. Each contribution to the understanding of the structural features in the vicinity of the San Andreas Rift aids in the ultimate understanding of the major feature.
\r\n\r\nIt was with the desire of becoming acquainted with some of the features evidenced by major faulting systems as well as the solution of the geology of an area in Coast Range structure that this problem was undertaken.
\r\n\r\nDr. Kew in U.S.G.S. Bulletin 755 has published on the San Fernando and Tujunga quadrangles lying south of Lake Elizabeth quadrangle. Mr. Clements, of the California Institute of Technology, is at the present time engaged in working out the relations in the Tejon quadrangle on the west. Dr. Noble is making an extensive survey of the Rift itself for the Seismological Department of the Carnegie Institute and has mapped as far north along the Rift as Palmdale in Lake Elizabeth quadrangle.
\r\n" }, { "name": "Turner, Francis Earl", "degree": "Masters", "year": "1928", "title": "The Geology of the Quail Lake Region", "advisor": "Buwalda, John P.", "url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechTHESIS:12232009-114429525", "creators": [ { "name": { "family": "Turner", "given": "Francis Earl" }, "id": "Turner-Francis-Earl", "display_name": "Turner, Francis Earl" } ], "advisors": [ { "name": { "family": "Buwalda", "given": "John P." }, "id": "Buwalda-J-P", "role": "advisor", "display_name": "Buwalda, John P." } ], "committee": [ { "name": { "family": "Unknown", "given": "Unknown" }, "display_name": "Unknown, Unknown" } ], "option_major": [ "geol" ], "doi": "10.7907/B4EE-8Y50", "abstract": "At the suggestion of Dr. Bulwalda of the Institute Staff, the mapping and investigation of this hitherto little known section of the Mojave Desert was undertaken. It had been known for some time that there were marine beds lying in the extreme western corner of the desert, their age relation however, had been but tentatively determined and their areal extend and structural relations were unknown. U.S. Geol. Survey Water Supply Paper 278 by Harry R. Johnson is the only paper known to the writer which deals with this area.
\r\n\r\nIn the present study, an effort is made to map the areal geology as carefully as possible in the short time available and to determine the age and structural relations of the marine formation.
\r\n" } ]