Submitted - 2205.01799.pdf
", "abstract": "This short review is intended as a colloquium-level summary, for the Snowmass 2021 process, on recent theoretical results on infrared observables in quantum gravity. We rely on simple physical arguments, most notably a random walk intuition, to show how effects of quantum gravity in the ultraviolet (at the Planck length \u2113\u209a \u2248 10\u207b\u00b3\u2075 m) may integrate into the infrared when the large measurement length scale L enters into the observable. A quantum uncertainty at lightsheet horizons would give rise to an accumulated effect of size \u03b4L\u00b2 \u2243 \u2113\u209aL/4\u03c0. We discuss how the random walk intuition falls out from more formal calculations, such as from AdS/CFT, from the dimensional reduction of the Einstein-Hilbert action to dilaton gravity, from multiple gravitational shockwaves generated by vacuum energy fluctuations, as well as from an effective description of gravity as a fluid. We overview experimental prospects for measuring this effect with a simple Michelson interferometer utilizing many of the tools developed for gravitational wave observatories.", "date": "2022-05-03", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20220816-192441646", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220816-192441646", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Heising-Simons Foundation", "grant_number": "2021-2817" }, { "agency": "Department of Energy (DOE)", "grant_number": "DE-SC0011632" }, { "agency": "Simons Foundation" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Walter-Burke-Institute-for-Theoretical-Physics" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.2205.01799", "primary_object": { "basename": "2205.01799.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1pgvp-h7d39/files/2205.01799.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2022", "author_list": "Zurek, Kathryn M." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/c877a-dh203", "eprint_id": 114578, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 07:17:15", "lastmod": "2026-03-18 18:06:31", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Mitridate-Andrea", "name": { "family": "Mitridate", "given": "Andrea" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2898-5844" }, { "id": "Trickle-Tanner", "name": { "family": "Trickle", "given": "Tanner" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1371-4988" }, { "id": "Zhang-Zhengkang", "name": { "family": "Zhang", "given": "Zhengkang" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8305-5581" }, { "id": "Zurek-K-M", "name": { "family": "Zurek", "given": "Kathryn M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2629-337X" } ] }, "title": "Snowmass White Paper: Light Dark Matter Direct Detection at the Interface With Condensed Matter Physics", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "We thank Marco Bernardi, Hsiao-Yi Chen, Ahmet Coskuner, Sin\u00e9ad Griffin, Thomas Harrelson and Katherine Inzani for fruitful collaborations on subjects discussed in this white paper. A.M., T.T. and K.Z. were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, under Award No. DE-SC0021431, and the Quantum Information Science Enabled Discovery (QuantISED) for High Energy Physics (KA2401032). K.Z. was also supported by a Simons Investigator Award. Z.Z. was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under the grant DE-SC0011702.\n\nSubmitted - 2203.07492.pdf
", "abstract": "Direct detection experiments for light (sub-GeV) dark matter are making enormous leaps in reaching previously unexplored theory space. The need for accurate characterizations of target responses has led to a growing interplay between particle and condensed matter physics. This white paper summarizes recent progress on direct detection calculations that utilize state-of-the-art numerical tools in condensed matter physics and effective field theory techniques. These new results provide the theoretical framework for interpreting ongoing and planned experiments using electronic and collective excitations, and for optimizing future searches.", "date": "2022-03-14", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20220504-153725787", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220504-153725787", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "Department of Energy (DOE)", "grant_number": "DE-SC0021431" }, { "agency": "Department of Energy (DOE)", "grant_number": "KA2401032" }, { "agency": "Simons Foundation" }, { "agency": "Department of Energy (DOE)", "grant_number": "DE-SC0011702" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Walter-Burke-Institute-for-Theoretical-Physics" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.2203.07492", "primary_object": { "basename": "2203.07492.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/c877a-dh203/files/2203.07492.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2022", "author_list": "Mitridate, Andrea; Trickle, Tanner; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gy1ex-08342", "eprint_id": 109227, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-20 02:10:25", "lastmod": "2026-03-30 07:07:02", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Anish-Roshi-D", "name": { "family": "Anish Roshi", "given": "D." } }, { "name": { "family": "Aponte", "given": "N." } }, { "name": { "family": "Araya", "given": "E." } }, { "name": { "family": "Arce", "given": "H." } }, { "name": { "family": "Baker", "given": "L. A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Baan", "given": "W." } }, { "name": { "family": "Becker", "given": "T. M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Breakall", "given": "J. K." } }, { "name": { "family": "Brown", "given": "R. G." } }, { "name": { "family": "Brum", "given": "C. G. M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Busch", "given": "M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Campbell", "given": "D. B." } }, { "name": { "family": "Cohen", "given": "T." } }, { "name": { "family": "Cordova", "given": "F." } }, { "name": { "family": "Deneva", "given": "J. S." } }, { "name": { "family": "Devogele", "given": "M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Dolch", "given": "T." } }, { "name": { "family": "Fernandez-Rodriguez", "given": "F. O." } }, { "name": { "family": "Ghosh", "given": "T." } }, { "id": "Goldsmith-Paul-F", "name": { "family": "Goldsmith", "given": "P. F." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6622-8396" }, { "name": { "family": "Gurvits", "given": "L. I." } }, { "name": { "family": "Haynes", "given": "M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Heiles", "given": "C." } }, { "name": { "family": "Hessel", "given": "J. W. T." } }, { "name": { "family": "Hickson", "given": "D." } }, { "name": { "family": "Isham", "given": "B." } }, { "name": { "family": "Kerr", "given": "R. B." } }, { "name": { "family": "Kelly", "given": "J." } }, { "name": { "family": "Kiriazes", "given": "J. J." } }, { "name": { "family": "Lautenbach", "given": "J." } }, { "name": { "family": "Lebron", "given": "M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Lewandowska", "given": "N." } }, { "name": { "family": "Magnani", "given": "L." } }, { "name": { "family": "Manoharan", "given": "P. K." } }, { "name": { "family": "Margot", "given": "J. L." } }, { "name": { "family": "Marshall", "given": "S. E." } }, { "name": { "family": "McGilvray", "given": "A. K." } }, { "name": { "family": "Mendez", "given": "A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Minchin", "given": "R." } }, { "name": { "family": "Negron", "given": "V." } }, { "name": { "family": "Nolan", "given": "M. C." } }, { "name": { "family": "Olmi", "given": "L." } }, { "name": { "family": "Paganelli", "given": "F." } }, { "name": { "family": "Palliyaguru", "given": "N. T." } }, { "name": { "family": "Pantoja", "given": "C. A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Paragi", "given": "Z." } }, { "name": { "family": "Parshley", "given": "S. C." } }, { "name": { "family": "Peek", "given": "J. E. G." } }, { "name": { "family": "Perera", "given": "B. B. P." } }, { "name": { "family": "Perillat", "given": "P." } }, { "name": { "family": "Pinilla-Alonso", "given": "N." } }, { "name": { "family": "Quintero", "given": "L." } }, { "name": { "family": "Radovan", "given": "H." } }, { "name": { "family": "Raizada", "given": "S." } }, { "name": { "family": "Robishaw", "given": "T." } }, { "name": { "family": "Route", "given": "M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Salter", "given": "C. J." } }, { "name": { "family": "Santoni", "given": "A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Santos", "given": "P." } }, { "name": { "family": "Sau", "given": "S." } }, { "name": { "family": "Selvaraj", "given": "D." } }, { "name": { "family": "Smith", "given": "A. J." } }, { "name": { "family": "Sulzer", "given": "M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Vaddi", "given": "S." } }, { "name": { "family": "Vargas", "given": "F." } }, { "name": { "family": "Venditti", "given": "F. C. F." } }, { "name": { "family": "Venkataraman", "given": "A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Verkouter", "given": "H." } }, { "name": { "family": "Virkki", "given": "A. K." } }, { "name": { "family": "Vishwas", "given": "A." } }, { "id": "Weinreb-S", "name": { "family": "Weinreb", "given": "S." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9353-6204" }, { "name": { "family": "Werthimer", "given": "D." } }, { "name": { "family": "Wolszczan", "given": "A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Zambrano-Marin", "given": "L. F." } } ] }, "title": "The Future Of The Arecibo Observatory: The Next Generation Arecibo Telescope", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "We are grateful to the Arecibo Observatory users' community for the invaluable support, comments, and discussion that helped us to write this white paper with a short notice. Special thanks to Joanna Rankin from University of Vermont, who led the organization of the AO's user community and Pia Salter for her enthusiastic support to the effort for Arecibo telescope reconstruction. We thank the technical staff of the AO, as well as Dr. Shaffer and the UNC-URSI community for their suggestions and inputs while preparing the white paper. We also greatly appreciate valuable input from Gordon Lacy, Mohammad Islam, and Dean Chalmers at NRC Canada; Peter Dewdney from SKA; Larry D'Addario from Caltech; Anthony van Eyken from SRI International; Alex Kraus from MPIFR, Bonn; Chip Cohen from Fractal Antenna Systems; Tim Bastian from NRAO, Timothy Kennedy from the NASA Johnson Space Center and Catherine Neish from Western University. A huge thanks to B. Serna, SwRI, Texas, for helping with the formatting of the whitepaper.\n\nSubmitted - 2103.01367.pdf
", "abstract": "The Arecibo Observatory (AO) is a multidisciplinary research and education facility that is recognized worldwide as a leading facility in astronomy, planetary, and atmospheric and space sciences. AO's cornerstone research instrument was the 305-m William E. Gordon telescope. On December 1, 2020, the 305-m telescope collapsed and was irreparably damaged. In the three weeks following the collapse, AO's scientific and engineering staff and the AO users community initiated extensive discussions on the future of the observatory. The community is in overwhelming agreement that there is a need to build an enhanced, next-generation radar-radio telescope at the AO site. From these discussions, we established the set of science requirements the new facility should enable. These requirements can be summarized briefly as: 5 MW of continuous wave transmitter power at 2 - 6 GHz, 10 MW of peak transmitter power at 430 MHz (also at 220MHz under consideration), zenith angle coverage 0 to 48 deg, frequency coverage 0.2 to 30 GHz and increased Field-of-View. These requirements determine the unique specifications of the proposed new instrument. The telescope design concept we suggest consists of a compact array of fixed dishes on a tiltable, plate-like structure with a collecting area equivalent to a 300m dish. This concept, referred to as the Next Generation Arecibo Telescope (NGAT), meets all of the desired specifications and provides significant new science capabilities to all three research groups at AO. This whitepaper presents a sample of the wide variety of the science that can be achieved with the NGAT, the details of the telescope design concept and the need for the new telescope to be located at the AO site. We also discuss other AO science activities that interlock with the NGAT in the white paper.", "date": "2021-03-02", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20210520-150021870", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210520-150021870", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.2103.01367", "primary_object": { "basename": "2103.01367.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/gy1ex-08342/files/2103.01367.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2021", "author_list": "Anish Roshi, D.; Aponte, N.; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/x20af-btp53", "eprint_id": 104980, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 21:57:52", "lastmod": "2026-03-30 07:04:19", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Plavchan-P", "name": { "family": "Plavchan", "given": "Peter" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8864-1667" }, { "name": { "family": "Vasisht", "given": "Gautam" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1871-6264" }, { "id": "Beichman-C-A", "name": { "family": "Beichman", "given": "Chas" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5627-5471" }, { "name": { "family": "Cegla", "given": "Heather" } }, { "name": { "family": "Dumusque", "given": "Xavier" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9332-2011" }, { "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Sharon" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6937-9034" }, { "name": { "family": "Gao", "given": "Peter" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8518-9601" }, { "name": { "family": "Dressing", "given": "Courtney" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8189-0233" }, { "name": { "family": "Bastien", "given": "Fabienne" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7243-1921" }, { "name": { "family": "Basu", "given": "Sarbani" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6163-3472" }, { "name": { "family": "Beatty", "given": "Thomas" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9539-4203" }, { "name": { "family": "Bechter", "given": "Andrew" } }, { "name": { "family": "Bechter", "given": "Eric" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8725-8730" }, { "name": { "family": "Blake", "given": "Cullen" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6096-1749" }, { "name": { "family": "Bourrier", "given": "Vincent" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9148-034X" }, { "name": { "family": "Cale", "given": "Bryson" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6279-0595" }, { "id": "Ciardi-D-R", "name": { "family": "Ciardi", "given": "David" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5741-3047" }, { "name": { "family": "Crass", "given": "Jonathan" } }, { "name": { "family": "Crepp", "given": "Justin" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0800-0593" }, { "id": "de-Kleer-K-R", "name": { "family": "de Kleer", "given": "Katherine" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9068-3428" }, { "name": { "family": "Diddams", "given": "Scott" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2144-0764" }, { "name": { "family": "Eastman", "given": "Jason" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3773-5142" }, { "name": { "family": "Fischer", "given": "Debra" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2221-0861" }, { "name": { "family": "Gagn\u00e9", "given": "Jonathan" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2592-9612" }, { "name": { "family": "Gaudi", "given": "Scott" } }, { "name": { "family": "Grier", "given": "Catherine" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9920-6057" }, { "name": { "family": "Hall", "given": "Richard" } }, { "name": { "family": "Halverson", "given": "Sam" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1312-9391" }, { "name": { "family": "Hamze", "given": "Bahaa" } }, { "name": { "family": "Herrero Casas", "given": "Enrique" } }, { "id": "Howard-A-W", "name": { "family": "Howard", "given": "Andrew" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8638-0320" }, { "name": { "family": "Kempton", "given": "Eliza" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1337-9051" }, { "name": { "family": "Latouf", "given": "Natasha" } }, { "name": { "family": "Leifer", "given": "Stephanie" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8980-7825" }, { "name": { "family": "Lightsey", "given": "Paul" } }, { "name": { "family": "Lisse", "given": "Casey" } }, { "name": { "family": "Martin", "given": "Emily C." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0618-5128" }, { "name": { "family": "Matzko", "given": "William" } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "name": { "family": "Mayo", "given": "Andrew" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7216-2135" }, { "name": { "family": "Newman", "given": "Patrick" } }, { "name": { "family": "Papp", "given": "Scott" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8290-7076" }, { "name": { "family": "Pope", "given": "Benjamin" } }, { "name": { "family": "Purcell", "given": "Bill" } }, { "name": { "family": "Quinn", "given": "Sam" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8964-8377" }, { "name": { "family": "Ribas", "given": "Ignasi" } }, { "name": { "family": "Rosich", "given": "Albert" } }, { "name": { "family": "Sanchez-Maes", "given": "Sophia" } }, { "name": { "family": "Tanner", "given": "Angelle" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0786-7307" }, { "name": { "family": "Thompson", "given": "Samantha" } }, { "id": "Vahala-K-J", "name": { "family": "Vahala", "given": "Kerry" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1783-1380" }, { "id": "Wang-Ji", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Ji" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885" }, { "name": { "family": "Williams", "given": "Peter" } }, { "name": { "family": "Wise", "given": "Alex" } }, { "name": { "family": "Wright", "given": "Jason" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6160-5888" } ] }, "title": "EarthFinder Probe Mission Concept Study: Characterizing nearby stellar exoplanet systems with Earth-mass analogs for future direct imaging", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "\u00a9 2019. \n\nNASA Probe Mission concept white paper for 2020 Astrophysics National Academies Decadal Survey. \n\nThis research was carried out at George Mason University and the Jet Propulsion\nLaboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National\nAeronautics and Space Administration.\nReference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade\nname, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not constitute or imply its\nendorsement by the United States Government or the Jet Propulsion Laboratory,\nCalifornia Institute of Technology.\n\nSubmitted - 2006.13428.pdf
", "abstract": "EarthFinder is a NASA Astrophysics Probe mission concept selected for study as input to the 2020 Astrophysics National Academies Decadal Survey. The EarthFinder concept is based on a dramatic shift in our understanding of how PRV measurements should be made. We propose a new paradigm which brings the high precision, high cadence domain of transit photometry as demonstrated by Kepler and TESS to the challenges of PRV measurements at the cm/s level. This new paradigm takes advantage of: 1) broad wavelength coverage from the UV to NIR which is only possible from space to minimize the effects of stellar activity; 2) extremely compact, highly stable, highly efficient spectrometers (R>150,000) which require the diffraction-limited imaging possible only from space over a broad wavelength range; 3) the revolution in laser-based wavelength standards to ensure cm/s precision over many years; 4) a high cadence observing program which minimizes sampling-induced period aliases; 5) exploiting the absolute flux stability from space for continuum normalization for unprecedented line-by-line analysis not possible from the ground; and 6) focusing on the bright stars which will be the targets of future imaging missions so that EarthFinder can use a ~1.5 m telescope.", "date": "2020-06-24", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20200817-122112681", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200817-122112681", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "George Mason University" }, { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" }, { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.2006.13428", "primary_object": { "basename": "2006.13428.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/x20af-btp53/files/2006.13428.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2020", "author_list": "Plavchan, Peter; Vasisht, Gautam; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7qd8s-h2x86", "eprint_id": 103702, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 19:57:35", "lastmod": "2026-03-30 07:05:32", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Elvis-M", "name": { "family": "Elvis", "given": "Martin" } }, { "name": { "family": "Arenberg", "given": "Jon" } }, { "name": { "family": "Ballantyne", "given": "David" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8128-6976" }, { "name": { "family": "Bautz", "given": "Mark" } }, { "id": "Beichman-C-A", "name": { "family": "Beichman", "given": "Charles" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5627-5471" }, { "id": "Booth-J", "name": { "family": "Booth", "given": "Jeffrey" } }, { "name": { "family": "Buckley", "given": "James" } }, { "name": { "family": "Burns", "given": "Jack O." } }, { "name": { "family": "Camp", "given": "Jordan" } }, { "name": { "family": "Conti", "given": "Alberto" } }, { "name": { "family": "Cooray", "given": "Asantha" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3892-0190" }, { "name": { "family": "Danchi", "given": "William" } }, { "name": { "family": "Delabrouille", "given": "Jacques" } }, { "name": { "family": "De Zotti", "given": "Gianfranco" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2868-2595" }, { "name": { "family": "Flauger", "given": "Raphael" } }, { "name": { "family": "Glenn", "given": "Jason" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7527-2017" }, { "name": { "family": "Grindlay", "given": "Jonathan" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1323-5314" }, { "name": { "family": "Hanany", "given": "Shaul" } }, { "name": { "family": "Hartmann", "given": "Dieter" } }, { "id": "Helou-G", "name": { "family": "Helou", "given": "George" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3367-3415" }, { "name": { "family": "Herranz", "given": "Diego" } }, { "name": { "family": "Hubmayr", "given": "Johannes" } }, { "name": { "family": "Johnson", "given": "Bradley R." } }, { "name": { "family": "Jones", "given": "William" } }, { "name": { "family": "Kasdin", "given": "N. Jeremy" } }, { "name": { "family": "Kouvoliotou", "given": "Chryssa" } }, { "name": { "family": "Kunze", "given": "Kerstin E." } }, { "id": "Lawrence-C-R", "name": { "family": "Lawrence", "given": "Charles" } }, { "id": "Lazio-T-J-W", "name": { "family": "Lazio", "given": "Joseph" } }, { "name": { "family": "Lipscy", "given": "Sarah" } }, { "name": { "family": "Lillie", "given": "Charles F." } }, { "name": { "family": "Maccarone", "given": "Tom" } }, { "id": "Madsen-K-K", "name": { "family": "Madsen", "given": "Kristin C." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1252-4891" }, { "name": { "family": "Mushotzky", "given": "Richard" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7962-5446" }, { "name": { "family": "Olinto", "given": "Angela" } }, { "name": { "family": "Plavchan", "given": "Peter" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8864-1667" }, { "name": { "family": "Pogosian", "given": "Levon" } }, { "name": { "family": "Ptak", "given": "Andrew" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5655-1440" }, { "name": { "family": "Ray", "given": "Paul" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5297-5278" }, { "id": "Rocha-G-M", "name": { "family": "Rocha", "given": "Graca M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4150-8076" }, { "name": { "family": "Scowen", "given": "Paul" } }, { "name": { "family": "Seager", "given": "Sara" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6892-6948" }, { "id": "Tinto-M", "name": { "family": "Tinto", "given": "Massimo" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8107-5148" }, { "name": { "family": "Tomsick", "given": "John" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5506-9855" }, { "name": { "family": "Tucker", "given": "Gregory S." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6954-6947" }, { "name": { "family": "Ulmer", "given": "Mel" } }, { "id": "Wang-Yun", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Yun" } }, { "name": { "family": "Wollack", "given": "Edward J." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7567-4451" } ] }, "title": "The Case for Probe-class NASA Astrophysics Missions", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Submitted - 2002.12739.pdf
", "abstract": "Astrophysics spans an enormous range of questions on scales from individual planets to the entire cosmos. To address the richness of 21st century astrophysics requires a corresponding richness of telescopes spanning all bands and all messengers. Much scientific benefit comes from having the multi-wavelength capability available at the same time. Most of these bands,or measurement sensitivities, require space-based missions. Historically, NASA has addressed this need for breadth with a small number of flagship-class missions and a larger number of Explorer missions. While the Explorer program continues to flourish, there is a large gap between Explorers and strategic missions. A fortunate combination of new astrophysics technologies with new, high capacity, low dollar-per-kg to orbit launchers, and new satellite buses allow for cheaper missions with capabilities approaching strategic mission levels. NASA has recognized these developments by calling for Probe-class mission ideas for mission studies, spanning most of the electromagnetic spectrum from GeV gamma-rays to the far infrared, and the new messengers of neutrinos and ultra-high energy cosmic rays. The key insight from the Probes exercise is that order-of-magnitude advances in science performance metrics are possible across the board for initial total cost estimates in the range 500M-1B dollars.", "date": "2020-02-12", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20200604-151409625", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200604-151409625", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.2002.12739", "primary_object": { "basename": "2002.12739.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7qd8s-h2x86/files/2002.12739.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2020", "author_list": "Elvis, Martin; Arenberg, Jon; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6mwqz-4rc54", "eprint_id": 99985, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 17:17:20", "lastmod": "2026-03-06 21:37:57", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "id": "Beichman-C-A", "name": { "family": "Beichman", "given": "Charles" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5627-5471" }, { "id": "Jovanovic-N", "name": { "family": "Jovanovic", "given": "Nemanja" } }, { "id": "Dekany-Richard", "name": { "family": "Dekany", "given": "Richard" } }, { "id": "Hover-D-J", "name": { "family": "Hover", "given": "David" } }, { "id": "Blake-G-A", "name": { "family": "Blake", "given": "Geoffrey A." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0787-1610" }, { "id": "Hillenbrand-L-A", "name": { "family": "Hillenbrand", "given": "Lynne" } }, { "id": "Howard-A-W", "name": { "family": "Howard", "given": "Andrew" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8638-0320" }, { "id": "Knutson-H-A", "name": { "family": "Knutson", "given": "Heather" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5375-4725" }, { "id": "Ciardi-D-R", "name": { "family": "Ciardi", "given": "David" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5741-3047" } ] }, "title": "High-resolution Infrared Spectrograph for Exoplanet Characterization with the Keck and Thirty Meter Telescopes", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Astro2020 APC White Paper: Optical and Infrared Observations from the Ground. 10 July 2019.\n\nSubmitted - 1908.03623.pdf
", "abstract": "HISPEC (High-resolution Infrared Spectrograph for Exoplanet Characterization) is a proposed diffraction-limited spectrograph for the W.M. Keck Observatory, and a pathfinder for the MODHIS facility project (Multi-Object Diffraction-limited High-resolution Infrared Spectrograph) on the Thirty Meter Telescope. HISPEC/MODHIS builds on diffraction-limited spectrograph designs which rely on adaptively corrected single-mode fiber feeds. Seeing-limited high-resolution spectrographs, by virtue of the conservation of beam etendue, grow in volume following a D^3 power law (D is the telescope diameter), and are subject to daunting challenges associated with their large size. Diffraction-limited spectrographs fed by single mode fibers are decoupled from the telescope input, and are orders of magnitude more compact and have intrinsically stable line spread functions. Their efficiency is directly proportional to the performance of the adaptive optics (AO) system. AO technologies have matured rapidly over the past two decades and are baselined for future extremely large telescopes. HISPEC/MODHIS will take R>100,000 spectra of a few objects in a 10\" field-of-view sampled at the diffraction limit (~10-50 mas), simultaneously from 0.95 to 2.4 microns (y-K). The scientific scope ranges from exoplanet infrared precision radial velocities, spectroscopy of transiting, close-in, and directly imaged exoplanets (atmospheric composition and dynamics, RM effect, spin measurements, Doppler imaging), brown dwarf characterization, stellar physics/chemistry, proto-planetary disk kinematics/composition, Solar system, extragalactic science, and cosmology. HISPEC/MODHIS features a compact, cost-effective design optimized to fully exploit the existing Keck-AO and future TMT-NFIRAOS infrastructures and boost the scientific reach of Keck Observatory and TMT soon after first light.", "date": "2019-08-09", "date_type": "published", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20191121-110551588", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20191121-110551588", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" }, { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1908.03623", "primary_object": { "basename": "1908.03623.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6mwqz-4rc54/files/1908.03623.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Mawet, Dimitri; Beichman, Charles; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/h948c-ymx25", "eprint_id": 98841, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 17:14:28", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 14:11:49", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Rocha-G-M", "name": { "family": "Rocha", "given": "Gra\u00e7a" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4150-8076" }, { "name": { "family": "Banday", "given": "A. J." } }, { "id": "Barreiro-R-B", "name": { "family": "Barreiro", "given": "R." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6139-4272" }, { "name": { "family": "Challinor", "given": "A." } }, { "name": { "family": "G\u00f3rski", "given": "K. M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Hensley", "given": "B." } }, { "name": { "family": "Jaffe", "given": "T." } }, { "name": { "family": "Jewell", "given": "J." } }, { "name": { "family": "Keating", "given": "B." } }, { "name": { "family": "Kogut", "given": "A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Lawrence", "given": "C." } }, { "id": "Panopoulou-G-V", "name": { "family": "Panopoulou", "given": "Georgia" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7482-5759" }, { "name": { "family": "Partridge", "given": "B." } }, { "id": "Pearson-T-J", "name": { "family": "Pearson", "given": "Tim" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5213-6231" }, { "name": { "family": "Silk", "given": "J." } }, { "name": { "family": "Steinhardt", "given": "P." } }, { "name": { "family": "Whehus", "given": "I." } }, { "id": "Bock-J-J", "name": { "family": "Bock", "given": "Jamie" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5710-5212" }, { "id": "Crill-B-P", "name": { "family": "Crill", "given": "Brendan" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4650-8518" }, { "name": { "family": "Delabrouille", "given": "J." } }, { "id": "Dor\u00e9-O", "name": { "family": "Dor\u00e9", "given": "Olivier" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7432-2932" }, { "name": { "family": "Fernandez-Cobos", "given": "R." } }, { "name": { "family": "Ijjas", "given": "A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Keskitalo", "given": "R." } }, { "name": { "family": "Kritsuk", "given": "A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Mangilli", "given": "A." } }, { "id": "Moncelsi-Lorenzo", "name": { "family": "Moncelsi", "given": "Lorenzo" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4242-3015" }, { "name": { "family": "Myers", "given": "S." } }, { "id": "Steinbach-B-A", "name": { "family": "Steinbach", "given": "Bryan" } }, { "name": { "family": "Tristram", "given": "M." } } ] }, "title": "Astro2020 APC White Paper: The need for better tools to design future CMB experiments", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "The research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.\n\nSubmitted - 1908.01907.pdf
", "abstract": "This white paper addresses key challenges for the design of next-decade Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) experiments, and for assessing their capability to extract cosmological information from CMB polarization. We focus here on the challenges posed by foreground emission, CMB lensing, and instrumental systematics to detect the signal that arises from gravitational waves sourced by inflation and parameterized by r, at the level of r\u223c10^(\u22123) or lower, as proposed for future observational efforts. We argue that more accurate and robust analysis and simulation tools are required for these experiments to realize their promise. We are optimistic that the capability to simulate the joint impact of foregrounds, CMB lensing, and systematics can be developed to the level necessary to support the design of a space mission at r\u223c10^(\u22124) in a few years. We make the case here for supporting such work. Although ground-based efforts present additional challenges (e.g., atmosphere, ground pickup), which are not addressed here, they would also benefit from these improved simulation capabilities.", "date": "2019-08-06", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190925-085849774", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190925-085849774", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1908.01907", "primary_object": { "basename": "1908.01907.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/h948c-ymx25/files/1908.01907.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Rocha, Gra\u00e7a; Banday, A. J.; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/c0d40-pgz60", "eprint_id": 98996, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 16:54:02", "lastmod": "2026-03-06 23:58:27", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Abazajian-K-N", "name": { "family": "Abazajian", "given": "Kevork" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9919-6362" }, { "id": "Thakur-R-B", "name": { "family": "Thakur", "given": "Ritoban Basu" } }, { "id": "Crites-A-T", "name": { "family": "Crites", "given": "Abigail" } }, { "id": "Hui-Howard", "name": { "family": "Hui", "given": "Howard" } }, { "id": "Moncelsi-Lorenzo", "name": { "family": "Moncelsi", "given": "Lorenzo" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4242-3015" }, { "id": "Schillaci-A", "name": { "family": "Schillaci", "given": "Alessandro" } }, { "id": "Bock-J-J", "name": { "family": "Bock", "given": "James" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5710-5212" } ] }, "title": "CMB-S4 Decadal Survey APC White Paper", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Submitted - 1908.01062.pdf
", "abstract": "We provide an overview of the science case, instrument configuration and project plan for the next-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background experiment CMB-S4, for consideration by the 2020 Decadal Survey.", "date": "2019-07-31", "date_type": "published", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20191001-141424748", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20191001-141424748", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1908.01062", "primary_object": { "basename": "1908.01062.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/c0d40-pgz60/files/1908.01062.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Abazajian, Kevork; Thakur, Ritoban Basu; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/s031f-n3r08", "eprint_id": 97315, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 16:48:06", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 13:24:40", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Hallinan-G", "name": { "family": "Hallinan", "given": "G." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7083-4049" }, { "id": "Ravi-Vikram", "name": { "family": "Ravi", "given": "V." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7252-5485" }, { "id": "Weinreb-S", "name": { "family": "Weinreb", "given": "S." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9353-6204" }, { "id": "Kocz-Jonathon", "name": { "family": "Kocz", "given": "J." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0249-7586" }, { "id": "Huang-Y", "name": { "family": "Huang", "given": "Y." } }, { "id": "Woody-David-P", "name": { "family": "Woody", "given": "D. P." } }, { "id": "Lamb-James-W", "name": { "family": "Lamb", "given": "J. W." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5959-1285" }, { "id": "D'Addario-Larry-R", "name": { "family": "D'Addario", "given": "L." } }, { "id": "Catha-Morgan", "name": { "family": "Catha", "given": "M." } }, { "id": "Shi-Jun", "name": { "family": "Shi", "given": "J." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1647-7762" }, { "id": "Law-Casey-J", "name": { "family": "Law", "given": "C. J." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4119-9963" }, { "id": "Kulkarni-S-R", "name": { "family": "Kulkarni", "given": "S. R." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5390-8563" }, { "id": "Phinney-E-S", "name": { "family": "Phinney", "given": "E. S." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9656-4032" }, { "id": "Eastwood-Michael-W", "name": { "family": "Eastwood", "given": "M. W." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4731-6083" }, { "id": "Bouman-K-L", "name": { "family": "Bouman", "given": "K. L." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0077-4367" }, { "id": "McLaughlin-Maura-A", "name": { "family": "McLaughlin", "given": "M. A." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7697-7422" }, { "id": "Ransom-Scott-M", "name": { "family": "Ransom", "given": "S. M." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5799-9714" }, { "id": "Siemens-Xavier", "name": { "family": "Siemens", "given": "X." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7778-2990" }, { "id": "Cordes-James-M", "name": { "family": "Cordes", "given": "J. M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4049-1882" }, { "id": "Lynch-Ryan-S", "name": { "family": "Lynch", "given": "R. S." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5229-7430" }, { "id": "Kaplan-David-L", "name": { "family": "Kaplan", "given": "D. L." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6295-2881" }, { "id": "Chatterjee-Shami", "name": { "family": "Chatterjee", "given": "S." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2878-1502" }, { "id": "Lazio-T-Joseph-W", "name": { "family": "Lazio", "given": "J." } }, { "id": "Brazier-Adam", "name": { "family": "Brazier", "given": "A." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6341-7178" }, { "id": "Bhatnagar-S", "name": { "family": "Bhatnagar", "given": "S." } }, { "id": "Myers-Steven-Theodore", "name": { "family": "Myers", "given": "S. T." } }, { "id": "Walter-Fabian", "name": { "family": "Walter", "given": "F." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4793-7880" }, { "id": "Gaensler-Bryan-M", "name": { "family": "Gaensler", "given": "B. M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3382-9558" } ] }, "title": "The DSA-2000 - A Radio Survey Camera", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Submitted - 1907.07648.pdf
", "abstract": "We present the DSA-2000: a world-leading radio survey telescope and multi-messenger discovery engine for the next decade. The array will be the first true radio camera, outputting science-ready image data over the 0.7 - 2 GHz frequency range with a spatial resolution of 3.5 arcsec. With 2000 x 5 m dishes, the DSA-2000 will have an equivalent point-source sensitivity to SKA1-mid, but with ten times the survey speed. The DSA-2000 is envisaged as an all-sky survey instrument complementary to the ngVLA, and as a counterpart to the LSST (optical), SPHEREx (near-infrared) and SRG/eROSITA (X-ray) all-sky surveys. Over a five-year prime phase, the DSA-2000 will image the entire sky above declination -30 degrees every four months, detecting > 1 unique billion radio sources in a combined full-Stokes sky map with 500 nJy/beam rms noise. This all-sky survey will be complemented by intermediate and deep surveys, as well as spectral and polarization image cubes. The array will be a cornerstone for multi-messenger science, serving as the principal instrument for the US pulsar timing array community, and by searching for radio afterglows of compact object mergers detected by LIGO and Virgo. The array will simultaneously detect and localize ~10,000 fast radio bursts each year, realizing their ultimate use as a cosmological tool. The DSA-2000 will be proposed to the NSF Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure-2 program with a view to first light in 2026.", "date": "2019-07-17", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190722-100036103", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190722-100036103", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" }, { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" }, { "id": "Owens-Valley-Radio-Observatory" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1907.07648", "primary_object": { "basename": "1907.07648.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/s031f-n3r08/files/1907.07648.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Hallinan, G.; Ravi, V.; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tfga0-pr988", "eprint_id": 100518, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 16:44:16", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 15:56:20", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Reitze-D-H", "name": { "family": "Reitze", "given": "David" } }, { "id": "Adhikari-R-X", "name": { "family": "Adhikari", "given": "Rana X." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5731-5076" }, { "id": "Ballmer-S", "name": { "family": "Ballmer", "given": "Stefan" } }, { "id": "Barish-B-C", "name": { "family": "Barish", "given": "Barry" } }, { "id": "Barsotti-L", "name": { "family": "Barsotti", "given": "Lisa" } }, { "id": "Billingsley-G", "name": { "family": "Billingsley", "given": "GariLynn" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4141-2744" }, { "id": "Brown-D-A", "name": { "family": "Brown", "given": "Duncan A." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9180-5765" }, { "id": "Chen-Yanbei", "name": { "family": "Chen", "given": "Yanbei" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9730-9463" }, { "id": "Coyne-D-C", "name": { "family": "Coyne", "given": "Dennis" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6427-3222" }, { "id": "Eisenstein-R", "name": { "family": "Eisenstein", "given": "Robert" } }, { "id": "Evans-M", "name": { "family": "Evans", "given": "Matthew" } }, { "id": "Fritschel-P-K", "name": { "family": "Fritschel", "given": "Peter" } }, { "id": "Hall-E-D", "name": { "family": "Hall", "given": "Evan D." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9018-666X" }, { "id": "Lazzarini-A", "name": { "family": "Lazzarini", "given": "Albert" } }, { "id": "Lovelace-G", "name": { "family": "Lovelace", "given": "Geoffrey" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7084-1070" }, { "id": "Read-J-S", "name": { "family": "Read", "given": "Jocelyn" } }, { "id": "Sathyaprakash-B-S", "name": { "family": "Sathyaprakash", "given": "B. S." } }, { "id": "Shoemaker-D", "name": { "family": "Shoemaker", "given": "David" } }, { "id": "Smith-J-R", "name": { "family": "Smith", "given": "Joshua" } }, { "id": "Torrie-C", "name": { "family": "Torrie", "given": "Calum" } }, { "id": "Vitale-S", "name": { "family": "Vitale", "given": "Salvatore" } }, { "id": "Weiss-R", "name": { "family": "Weiss", "given": "Rainer" } }, { "id": "Wipf-C-C", "name": { "family": "Wipf", "given": "Christopher" } }, { "id": "Zucker-M-E", "name": { "family": "Zucker", "given": "Michael" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2544-1596" } ] }, "title": "Cosmic Explorer: The U.S. Contribution to Gravitational-Wave Astronomy beyond LIGO", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Submitted - 1907.04833.pdf
", "abstract": "This white paper describes the research and development needed over the next decade to realize \"Cosmic Explorer,\" the U.S. node of a future third-generation detector network that will be capable of observing and characterizing compact gravitational-wave sources to cosmological redshifts.", "date": "2019-07-10", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "BAAS", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20200106-074015450", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200106-074015450", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "LIGO" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1907.04833", "primary_object": { "basename": "1907.04833.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tfga0-pr988/files/1907.04833.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Reitze, David; Adhikari, Rana X.; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zsv1j-7p493", "eprint_id": 100007, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 15:19:51", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 15:28:09", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Bolatto-A-D", "name": { "family": "Bolatto", "given": "Alberto D." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5480-5686" }, { "id": "Armus-L", "name": { "family": "Armus", "given": "Lee" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3498-2973" }, { "id": "Veilleux-S", "name": { "family": "Veilleux", "given": "Sylvain" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3158-6820" }, { "id": "Leroy-A-K", "name": { "family": "Leroy", "given": "Adam K." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2545-1700" }, { "id": "Walter-F", "name": { "family": "Walter", "given": "Fabian" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4793-7880" }, { "id": "Mushotzky-R", "name": { "family": "Mushotzky", "given": "Richard" } }, { "id": "Sandstrom-K-M", "name": { "family": "Sandstrom", "given": "Karin M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4378-8534" }, { "id": "Martini-Paul", "name": { "family": "Martini", "given": "Paul" } }, { "id": "Schneider-E-E", "name": { "family": "Schneider", "given": "Evan E." } }, { "id": "Wong-Tony", "name": { "family": "Wong", "given": "Tony" } }, { "id": "Decarli-R", "name": { "family": "Decarli", "given": "Roberto" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2662-8803" }, { "id": "Casey-C-M", "name": { "family": "Casey", "given": "Caitlin" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0930-6466" }, { "id": "Riechers-D-A", "name": { "family": "Riechers", "given": "Dominik" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9585-1462" }, { "id": "Meier-D-S", "name": { "family": "Meier", "given": "David" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9436-9471" }, { "id": "Narayanan-D", "name": { "family": "Narayanan", "given": "Desika" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7064-4309" } ] }, "title": "Cold Gas Outflows, Feedback, and the Shaping of Galaxies", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Submitted - 1904.02120.pdf
", "abstract": "There is wide consensus that galaxy outflows are one of the most important processes determining the evolution of galaxies through cosmic time, for example playing a key role in shaping the galaxy mass function. Our understanding of outflows and their drivers, however, is in its infancy --- this is particularly true for the cold (neutral atomic and molecular) phases of outflows, which present observational and modeling challenges. Here we outline several key open questions, briefly discussing the requirements of the observations necessary to make progress, and the relevance of several existing and planned facilities. It is clear that galaxy outflows, and particularly cold outflows, will remain a topic of active research for the next decade and beyond.", "date": "2019-04-03", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20191122-081203854", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20191122-081203854", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1904.02120", "primary_object": { "basename": "1904.02120.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zsv1j-7p493/files/1904.02120.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Bolatto, Alberto D.; Armus, Lee; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xx10x-e3y20", "eprint_id": 100057, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 15:03:47", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 14:31:27", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Lunine-Jonathan-Irving", "name": { "family": "Lunine", "given": "Jonathan I." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2279-4131" }, { "id": "Greene-T-P", "name": { "family": "Greene", "given": "Tom" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8963-8056" }, { "id": "Beichman-C-A", "name": { "family": "Beichman", "given": "Charles" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5627-5471" }, { "id": "Bean-J-L", "name": { "family": "Bean", "given": "Jacob" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4733-6532" }, { "id": "Hammel-H-B", "name": { "family": "Hammel", "given": "Heidi B." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8751-3463" }, { "id": "Marley-M-S", "name": { "family": "Marley", "given": "Mark S." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5251-2943" } ] }, "title": "Comparing key compositional indicators in Jupiter with those in extra-solar giant planets", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Submitted to the Astro2020 Decadal Survey as a white paper; thematic areas \"Planetary Systems\" and \"Star and Planet Formation.\"\n\nSubmitted - 1904.00054.pdf
", "abstract": "Spectroscopic transiting observations of the atmospheres of hot Jupiters around other stars, first with Hubble Space Telescope and then Spitzer, opened the door to compositional studies of exoplanets. The James Webb Space Telescope will provide such a profound improvement in signal-to-noise ratio that it will enable detailed analysis of molecular abundances, including but not limited to determining abundances of all the major carbon- and oxygen-bearing species in hot Jupiter atmospheres. This will allow determination of the carbon-to-oxygen ratio, an essential number for planet formation models and a motivating goal of the Juno mission currently around Jupiter.", "date": "2019-03-29", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20191126-091657483", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20191126-091657483", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1904.00054", "primary_object": { "basename": "1904.00054.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xx10x-e3y20/files/1904.00054.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Lunine, Jonathan I.; Greene, Tom; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8hmbt-75622", "eprint_id": 94352, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 15:02:55", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 15:31:21", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Chang-Tzu-Ching", "name": { "family": "Chang", "given": "Tzu-Ching" } }, { "name": { "family": "Beane", "given": "Angus" } }, { "id": "Dor\u00e9-O", "name": { "family": "Dor\u00e9", "given": "Olivier" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7432-2932" }, { "name": { "family": "Lidz", "given": "Adam" } }, { "name": { "family": "Mas-Ribas", "given": "Lluis" } }, { "id": "Sun-Guochao", "name": { "family": "Sun", "given": "Guochao" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4070-497X" }, { "name": { "family": "Alvarez", "given": "Marcelo" } }, { "id": "Thakur-R-B", "name": { "family": "Thakur", "given": "Ritoban Basu" } }, { "name": { "family": "Berger", "given": "Philippe" } }, { "name": { "family": "Bethermin", "given": "Matthieu" } }, { "id": "Bock-J-J", "name": { "family": "Bock", "given": "Jamie" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5710-5212" }, { "name": { "family": "Bradford", "given": "Charles M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Breysse", "given": "Patrick" } }, { "name": { "family": "Burgarella", "given": "Denis" } }, { "id": "Charmandaris-V", "name": { "family": "Charmandaris", "given": "Vassilis" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2688-1956" }, { "id": "Cheng-Yun-Ting", "name": { "family": "Cheng", "given": "Yun-Ting" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5437-0504" }, { "id": "Cleary-K-A", "name": { "family": "Cleary", "given": "Kieran" } }, { "name": { "family": "Cooray", "given": "Asantha" } }, { "id": "Crites-A-T", "name": { "family": "Crites", "given": "Abigail" } }, { "name": { "family": "Ewall-Wice", "given": "Aaron" } }, { "name": { "family": "Fan", "given": "Xiaohui" } }, { "name": { "family": "Finkelstein", "given": "Steve" } }, { "name": { "family": "Furlanetto", "given": "Steve" } }, { "name": { "family": "Hewitt", "given": "Jacqueline" } }, { "id": "Hunacek-J-R", "name": { "family": "Hunacek", "given": "Jonathon" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7066-226X" }, { "id": "Korngut-P-M", "name": { "family": "Korngut", "given": "Phil" } }, { "name": { "family": "Kovetz", "given": "Ely" } }, { "id": "Hallinan-G", "name": { "family": "Hallinan", "given": "Gregg" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7083-4049" }, { "name": { "family": "Heneka", "given": "Caroline" } }, { "name": { "family": "Lagache", "given": "Guilaine" } }, { "name": { "family": "Lawrence", "given": "Charles" } }, { "name": { "family": "Lazio", "given": "Joseph" } }, { "name": { "family": "Liu", "given": "Adrian" } }, { "name": { "family": "Marrone", "given": "Dan" } }, { "name": { "family": "Parsons", "given": "Aaron" } }, { "id": "Readhead-A-C-S", "name": { "family": "Readhead", "given": "Anthony" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9152-961X" }, { "name": { "family": "Rhodes", "given": "Jason" } }, { "name": { "family": "Riechers", "given": "Dominik" } }, { "name": { "family": "Seiffert", "given": "Michael" } }, { "name": { "family": "Stacey", "given": "Gordon" } }, { "name": { "family": "Visbal", "given": "Eli" } }, { "name": { "family": "Wu", "given": "Hao-Yi" } }, { "name": { "family": "Zemcov", "given": "Michael" } }, { "name": { "family": "Zheng", "given": "Zheng" } } ] }, "title": "Tomography of the Cosmic Dawn and Reionization Eras with Multiple Tracers", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Part of this research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. \u00a9 2019.\n\nSubmitted - 1903.11744.pdf
", "abstract": "The Cosmic Dawn and Reionization epochs remain a fundamental but challenging frontier of astrophysics and cosmology. We advocate a large-scale, multi-tracer approach to develop a comprehensive understanding of the physics that led to the formation and evolution of the first stars and galaxies. We highlight the line intensity mapping technique to trace the multi-phase reionization topology on large scales, and measure reionization history in detail. Besides 21cm, we advocate for Lya tomography mapping during the epoch of Wouthuysen-Field coupling as an additional probe of the cosmic dawn era.", "date": "2019-03-28", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190402-081757738", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190402-081757738", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.11744", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.11744.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8hmbt-75622/files/1903.11744.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Chang, Tzu-Ching; Beane, Angus; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4zp4w-5b844", "eprint_id": 96561, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 15:01:41", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 14:12:04", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Marley-M-S", "name": { "family": "Marley", "given": "Mark" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5251-2943" }, { "id": "Lewis-N-K", "name": { "family": "Lewis", "given": "Nikole" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8507-1304" }, { "name": { "family": "Arney", "given": "Giada" } }, { "id": "Bailey-V-P", "name": { "family": "Bailey", "given": "Vanessa" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5407-2806" }, { "name": { "family": "Batalha", "given": "Natasha" } }, { "id": "Beichman-C-A", "name": { "family": "Beichman", "given": "Charles" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5627-5471" }, { "name": { "family": "Benneke", "given": "Bj\u00f6rn" } }, { "name": { "family": "Blecic", "given": "Jasmina" } }, { "name": { "family": "Cahoy", "given": "Kerri" } }, { "name": { "family": "Chilcote", "given": "Jeffrey" } }, { "name": { "family": "Domagal-Goldman", "given": "Shawn" } }, { "name": { "family": "Dressing", "given": "Courtney" } }, { "name": { "family": "Fitzgerald", "given": "Michael" } }, { "name": { "family": "Fortney", "given": "Jonathan" } }, { "name": { "family": "Freedman", "given": "Richard" } }, { "name": { "family": "Gelino", "given": "Dawn" } }, { "name": { "family": "Gizis", "given": "John" } }, { "name": { "family": "Guyon", "given": "Olivier" } }, { "name": { "family": "Greene", "given": "Thomas" } }, { "name": { "family": "Hammel", "given": "Heidi" } }, { "name": { "family": "Hasegawa", "given": "Yasuhiro" } }, { "id": "Jovanovic-N", "name": { "family": "Jovanovic", "given": "Nemanja" } }, { "name": { "family": "Konopacky", "given": "Quinn" } }, { "name": { "family": "Kopparapu", "given": "Ravi" } }, { "name": { "family": "Liu", "given": "Michael" } }, { "name": { "family": "Lopez", "given": "Eric" } }, { "name": { "family": "Lunine", "given": "Jonathan" } }, { "name": { "family": "Lupu", "given": "Roxana" } }, { "name": { "family": "Macintosh", "given": "Bruce" } }, { "name": { "family": "Mandt", "given": "Kathleen" } }, { "name": { "family": "Marois", "given": "Christian" } }, { "id": "Mawet-D", "name": { "family": "Mawet", "given": "Dimitri" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735" }, { "name": { "family": "Mayorga", "given": "Laura" } }, { "name": { "family": "Morley", "given": "Caroline" } }, { "name": { "family": "Nielsen", "given": "Eric" } }, { "name": { "family": "Roberge", "given": "Aki" } }, { "name": { "family": "Serabyn", "given": "Eugene" } }, { "name": { "family": "Skemer", "given": "Andrew" } }, { "name": { "family": "Stapelfeldt", "given": "Karl" } }, { "name": { "family": "Visscher", "given": "Channon" } }, { "id": "Wang-Jason-J", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Jason" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0774-6502" } ] }, "title": "Imaging Cool Giant Planets in Reflected Light: Science Investigations and Synergy with Habitable Planets", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Submitted - 1903.09322.pdf
", "abstract": "Planned astronomical observatories of the 2020s will be capable of obtaining reflected light photometry and spectroscopy of cool extrasolar giant planets. Here we explain that such data are valuable both for understanding the origin and evolution of giant planets as a whole and for preparing for the interpretation of similar datasets from potentially habitable extrasolar terrestrial planets in the decades to follow.", "date": "2019-03-22", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190619-110958838", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190619-110958838", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Astronomy-Department" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.09322", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.09322.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/4zp4w-5b844/files/1903.09322.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Marley, Mark; Lewis, Nikole; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/r1pk4-8f098", "eprint_id": 96571, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 15:00:35", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 14:36:27", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Christiansen-J-L", "name": { "family": "Christiansen", "given": "Jessie" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8035-4778" }, { "id": "Beichman-C-A", "name": { "family": "Beichman", "given": "Charles A." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5627-5471" }, { "id": "Ciardi-D-R", "name": { "family": "Ciardi", "given": "David R." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5741-3047" }, { "id": "Huber-Daniel", "name": { "family": "Huber", "given": "Daniel" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8832-4488" }, { "id": "Marley-M-S", "name": { "family": "Marley", "given": "Mark S." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5251-2943" } ] }, "title": "Mapping out the time-evolution of exoplanet processes", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Submitted - 1903.09110.pdf
", "abstract": "There are many competing theories and models describing the formation, migration and evolution of exoplanet systems. As both the precision with which we can characterize exoplanets and their host stars, and the number of systems for which we can make such a characterization increase, we begin to see pathways forward for validating these theories. In this white paper we identify predicted, observable correlations that are accessible in the near future, particularly trends in exoplanet populations, radii, orbits and atmospheres with host star age. By compiling a statistically significant sample of well-characterized exoplanets with precisely measured ages, we should be able to begin identifying the dominant processes governing the time-evolution of exoplanet systems.", "date": "2019-03-21", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190619-141230167", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190619-141230167", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.09110", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.09110.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/r1pk4-8f098/files/1903.09110.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Christiansen, Jessie; Beichman, Charles A.; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/49qr3-sp417", "eprint_id": 94231, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:59:58", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 05:35:13", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Walter-F", "name": { "family": "Walter", "given": "Fabian" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4793-7880" }, { "id": "Carilli-C-L", "name": { "family": "Carilli", "given": "Chris" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6647-3861" }, { "id": "Decarli-R", "name": { "family": "Decarli", "given": "Roberto" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2662-8803" }, { "id": "Riechers-D-A", "name": { "family": "Riechers", "given": "Dominik" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9585-1462" }, { "id": "Aravena-M", "name": { "family": "Aravena", "given": "Manuel" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6290-3198" }, { "id": "Bauer-F-E", "name": { "family": "Bauer", "given": "Franz Erik" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8686-8737" }, { "id": "Bertoldi-F", "name": { "family": "Bertoldi", "given": "Frank" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1707-1775" }, { "id": "Bolatto-A-D", "name": { "family": "Bolatto", "given": "Alberto" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5480-5686" }, { "id": "Boogaard-Leindert", "name": { "family": "Boogaard", "given": "Leindert" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3952-8588" }, { "id": "Bouwens-R-J", "name": { "family": "Bouwens", "given": "Rychard" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4989-2471" }, { "id": "Burgarella-D", "name": { "family": "Burgarella", "given": "Denis" } }, { "id": "Casey-C-M", "name": { "family": "Casey", "given": "Caitlin" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0930-6466" }, { "id": "Cooray-A", "name": { "family": "Cooray", "given": "Asantha" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3892-0190" }, { "id": "Cortes-Paolo", "name": { "family": "Cortes", "given": "Paolo" } }, { "id": "Cox-Pierre", "name": { "family": "Cox", "given": "Pierre" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2027-8221" }, { "id": "Daddi-Emanuele", "name": { "family": "Daddi", "given": "Emanuele" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3331-9590" }, { "id": "Darling-J", "name": { "family": "Darling", "given": "Jeremy" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2511-2060" }, { "id": "Emonts-B", "name": { "family": "Emonts", "given": "Bjorn" } }, { "id": "Gonzalez-Lopez-Jorge", "name": { "family": "Gonzalez Lopez", "given": "Jorge" } }, { "id": "Hodge-J-A", "name": { "family": "Hodge", "given": "Jacqueline" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6586-8845" }, { "id": "Inami-Hanae", "name": { "family": "Inami", "given": "Hanae" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4268-0393" }, { "id": "Ivison-R-J", "name": { "family": "Ivison", "given": "Rob" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5118-1313" }, { "id": "Kovetz-E-D", "name": { "family": "Kovetz", "given": "Ely" } }, { "id": "Le-F\u00e8vre-O", "name": { "family": "Le F\u00e8vre", "given": "Olivier" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5891-2596" }, { "id": "Magnelli-B", "name": { "family": "Magnelli", "given": "Benjamin" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6777-6490" }, { "id": "Marrone-D-P", "name": { "family": "Marrone", "given": "Dan" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2367-1080" }, { "id": "Murphy-E-J", "name": { "family": "Murphy", "given": "Eric" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7089-7325" }, { "id": "Narayanan-D", "name": { "family": "Narayanan", "given": "Desika" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7064-4309" }, { "id": "Novak-Mladen", "name": { "family": "Novak", "given": "Mladen" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8695-825X" }, { "id": "Oesch-P-A", "name": { "family": "Oesch", "given": "Pascal" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5851-6649" }, { "id": "Pavesi-R", "name": { "family": "Pavesi", "given": "Riccardo" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2263-646X" }, { "id": "Diaz-Santos-Tanio", "name": { "family": "Diaz Santos", "given": "Tanio" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-0699-6083" }, { "id": "Sargent-M-T", "name": { "family": "Sargent", "given": "Mark" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1033-9684" }, { "id": "Scott-Douglas", "name": { "family": "Scott", "given": "Douglas" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6878-9840" }, { "id": "Scoville-N-Z", "name": { "family": "Scoville", "given": "Nick" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0438-3323" }, { "id": "Stacey-G-J", "name": { "family": "Stacey", "given": "Gordon" } }, { "id": "Wagg-Jeff", "name": { "family": "Wagg", "given": "Jeff" } }, { "id": "van-der-Werf-P-P", "name": { "family": "van der Werf", "given": "Paul" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5434-5942" }, { "id": "Uzgil-B-D", "name": { "family": "Uzgil", "given": "Bade" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8526-3464" }, { "id": "Weiss-Axel", "name": { "family": "Weiss", "given": "Axel" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4678-3939" }, { "id": "Yun-Min-S", "name": { "family": "Yun", "given": "Min" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7095-7543" } ] }, "title": "The evolution of the cosmic molecular gas density", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Submitted - 1903.08659.pdf
", "abstract": "One of the last missing pieces in the puzzle of galaxy formation and evolution through cosmic history is a detailed picture of the role of the cold gas supply in the star-formation process. Cold gas is the fuel for star formation, and thus regulates the buildup of stellar mass, both through the amount of material present through a galaxy's gas mass fraction, and through the efficiency at which it is converted to stars. Over the last decade, important progress has been made in understanding the relative importance of these two factors along with the role of feedback, and the first measurements of the volume density of cold gas out to redshift 4, (the \"cold gas history of the Universe\") has been obtained. To match the precision of measurements of the star formation and black-hole accretion histories over the coming decades, a two orders of magnitude improvement in molecular line survey speeds is required compared to what is possible with current facilities. Possible pathways towards such large gains include significant upgrades to current facilities like ALMA by 2030 (and beyond), and eventually the construction of a new generation of radio-to-millimeter wavelength facilities, such as the next generation Very Large Array (ngVLA) concept.", "date": "2019-03-20", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190328-082302541", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190328-082302541", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.08659", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.08659.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/49qr3-sp417/files/1903.08659.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Walter, Fabian; Carilli, Chris; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5f4rf-p8x96", "eprint_id": 96745, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:53:32", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 16:15:22", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Dickinson-Mark-E", "name": { "family": "Dickinson", "given": "Mark" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5414-5131" }, { "id": "Wang-Yun", "name": { "family": "Wang", "given": "Yun" } }, { "id": "Bartlett-James", "name": { "family": "Bartlett", "given": "James" } }, { "id": "Behroozi-P-S", "name": { "family": "Behroozi", "given": "Peter" } }, { "id": "Brinchmann-J", "name": { "family": "Brinchmann", "given": "Jarle" } }, { "id": "Capak-P", "name": { "family": "Capak", "given": "Peter" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3578-6843" }, { "id": "Chary-R-R", "name": { "family": "Chary", "given": "Ranga" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7583-0621" }, { "id": "Cimatti-A", "name": { "family": "Cimatti", "given": "Andrea" } }, { "id": "Coil-A-L", "name": { "family": "Coil", "given": "Alison" } }, { "id": "Conroy-C", "name": { "family": "Conroy", "given": "Charlie" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1590-8551" }, { "id": "Daddi-Emanuele", "name": { "family": "Daddi", "given": "Emanuele" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3331-9590" }, { "id": "Donahue-Megan", "name": { "family": "Donahue", "given": "Megan" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2808-0853" }, { "id": "Eisenhardt-P-R-M", "name": { "family": "Eisenhardt", "given": "Peter" } }, { "id": "Ferguson-H-C", "name": { "family": "Ferguson", "given": "Henry C." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7113-2738" }, { "id": "Furlanetto-S-R", "name": { "family": "Furlanetto", "given": "Steve" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0658-1243" }, { "id": "Glazebrook-K", "name": { "family": "Glazebrook", "given": "Karl" } }, { "id": "Gonzalez-A-H", "name": { "family": "Gonzalez", "given": "Anthony" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0933-8601" }, { "id": "Helou-G", "name": { "family": "Helou", "given": "George" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3367-3415" }, { "id": "Hopkins-P-F", "name": { "family": "Hopkins", "given": "Philip F." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3729-1684" }, { "id": "Kartaltepe-J", "name": { "family": "Kartaltepe", "given": "Jeyhan" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9187-3605" }, { "id": "Lee-Janice-C", "name": { "family": "Lee", "given": "Janice" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-2278-9407" }, { "id": "Malhotra-S", "name": { "family": "Malhotra", "given": "Sangeeta" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-9226-5350" }, { "id": "Marshall-J-L", "name": { "family": "Marshall", "given": "Jennifer" } }, { "id": "Newman-J-A", "name": { "family": "Newman", "given": "Jeffrey A." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8684-2222" }, { "id": "Orsi-Alvaro", "name": { "family": "Orsi", "given": "Alvaro" } }, { "id": "Rhoads-J-E", "name": { "family": "Rhoads", "given": "James" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1501-454X" }, { "id": "Rhodes-J-D", "name": { "family": "Rhodes", "given": "Jason" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4485-8549" }, { "id": "Shapley-A-E", "name": { "family": "Shapley", "given": "Alice" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3509-4855" }, { "id": "Wechsler-R-H", "name": { "family": "Wechsler", "given": "Risa H." }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2229-011X" } ] }, "title": "Observing Galaxy Evolution in the Context of Large-Scale Structure", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Submitted - 1903.07409.pdf
", "abstract": "Galaxies form and evolve in the context of their local and large-scale environments. Their baryonic content that we observe with imaging and spectroscopy is intimately connected to the properties of their dark matter halos, and to their location in the \"cosmic web\" of large-scale structure. Very large spectroscopic surveys of the local universe (e.g., SDSS and GAMA) measure galaxy positions (location within large-scale structure), statistical clustering (a direct constraint on dark matter halo masses), and spectral features (measuring physical conditions of the gas and stars within the galaxies, as well as internal velocities). Deep surveys with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will revolutionize spectroscopic measurements of redshifts and spectral properties for galaxies out to the epoch of reionization, but with numerical statistics and over cosmic volumes that are too small to map large-scale structure and to constrain halo properties via clustering. Here, we consider advances in understanding galaxy evolution that would be enabled by very large spectroscopic surveys at high redshifts: very large numbers of galaxies (outstanding statistics) over large co-moving volumes (large-scale structure on all scales) over broad redshift ranges (evolution over most of cosmic history). The required observational facility can be established as part of the probe portfolio by NASA within the next decade.", "date": "2019-03-14", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190626-140614418", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190626-140614418", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.07409", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.07409.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5f4rf-p8x96/files/1903.07409.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Dickinson, Mark; Wang, Yun; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/x9ggm-2bt79", "eprint_id": 97861, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:52:29", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 05:29:11", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Casey-C-M", "name": { "family": "Casey", "given": "Caitlin M." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-0930-6466" }, { "id": "Capak-P", "name": { "family": "Capak", "given": "Peter" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3578-6843" }, { "id": "Staguhn-J-G", "name": { "family": "Staguhn", "given": "Johannes" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8437-0433" }, { "id": "Armus-L", "name": { "family": "Armus", "given": "Lee" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3498-2973" }, { "id": "Blain-A-W", "name": { "family": "Blain", "given": "Andrew" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7489-5167" }, { "id": "B\u00e9thermin-Matthieu", "name": { "family": "B\u00e9thermin", "given": "Matthieu" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3915-2015" }, { "id": "Champagne-J", "name": { "family": "Champagne", "given": "Jaclyn" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6184-9097" }, { "id": "Cooray-A", "name": { "family": "Cooray", "given": "Asantha" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3892-0190" }, { "id": "Coppin-K-E-K", "name": { "family": "Coppin", "given": "Kristen" } }, { "id": "Drew-P", "name": { "family": "Drew", "given": "Patrick" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3627-7485" }, { "id": "Dwek-E", "name": { "family": "Dwek", "given": "Eli" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8033-1181" }, { "id": "Finkelstein-S-L", "name": { "family": "Finkelstein", "given": "Steven" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8519-1130" }, { "id": "Franco-M", "name": { "family": "Franco", "given": "Maximilien" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3560-8599" }, { "id": "Geach-J-E", "name": { "family": "Geach", "given": "James" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4964-4635" }, { "id": "Hodge-J-A", "name": { "family": "Hodge", "given": "Jacqueline" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-6586-8845" }, { "id": "Koprowski-M", "name": { "family": "Koprowski", "given": "Maciej" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-5785-1154" }, { "id": "Lagos-C-D-P", "name": { "family": "Lagos", "given": "Claudia" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3021-8564" }, { "id": "Narayanan-D", "name": { "family": "Narayanan", "given": "Desika" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7064-4309" }, { "id": "Pope-Alexandra", "name": { "family": "Pope", "given": "Alexandra" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8592-2706" }, { "id": "Sanders-D-B", "name": { "family": "Sanders", "given": "David" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1233-9998" }, { "id": "Shivaei-Irene", "name": { "family": "Shivaei", "given": "Irene" } }, { "id": "Toft-S", "name": { "family": "Toft", "given": "Sune" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3631-7176" }, { "id": "Vieira-J-D", "name": { "family": "Vieira", "given": "Joaquin" } }, { "id": "Walter-F", "name": { "family": "Walter", "given": "Fabian" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-4793-7880" }, { "id": "Whitaker-K", "name": { "family": "Whitaker", "given": "Kate" } }, { "id": "Yun-Min-S", "name": { "family": "Yun", "given": "Min" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7095-7543" }, { "id": "Zavala-J", "name": { "family": "Zavala", "given": "Jorge" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7051-1100" } ] }, "title": "Taking Census of Massive, Star-Forming Galaxies formed <1 Gyr After the Big Bang", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Submitted - 1903.05634.pdf
", "abstract": "Two decades of effort have been poured into both single-dish and interferometric millimeter-wave surveys of the sky to infer the volume density of dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs, with SFR>100M\u2299 yr^(\u22121)) over cosmic time. Though obscured galaxies dominate cosmic star-formation near its peak at z\u223c2, the contribution of such heavily obscured galaxies to cosmic star-formation is unknown beyond z\u223c2.5 in contrast to the well-studied population of Lyman-break galaxies (LBGs) studied through deep, space- and ground-based pencil beam surveys in the near-infrared. Unlocking the volume density of DSFGs beyond z>3, particularly within the first 1 Gyr after the Big Bang is critical to resolving key open questions about early Universe galaxy formation: (1) What is the integrated star-formation rate density of the Universe in the first few Gyr and how is it distributed among low-mass galaxies (e.g. Lyman-break galaxies) and high-mass galaxies (e.g. DSFGs and quasar host galaxies)? (2) How and where do the first massive galaxies assemble? (3) What can the most extreme DSFGs teach us about the mechanisms of dust production (e.g. supernovae, AGB stars, grain growth in the ISM) <1 Gyr after the Big Bang? We summarize the types of observations needed in the next decade to address these questions.", "date": "2019-03-13", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190813-100440817", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190813-100440817", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.05634", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.05634.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/x9ggm-2bt79/files/1903.05634.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Casey, Caitlin M.; Capak, Peter; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7990k-31t52", "eprint_id": 99003, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:52:42", "lastmod": "2026-03-06 23:52:05", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Zemcov-M", "name": { "family": "Zemcov", "given": "Michael" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8253-1451" }, { "id": "Bock-J-J", "name": { "family": "Bock", "given": "James" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5710-5212" }, { "id": "Chary-R-R", "name": { "family": "Chary", "given": "Ranga Ram" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7583-0621" }, { "id": "Shvartzvald-Y", "name": { "family": "Shvartzvald", "given": "Yossi" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1525-5041" } ] }, "title": "Opportunities for Astrophysical Science from the Inner and Outer Solar System", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Submitted - 1903.05729.pdf
", "abstract": "Astrophysical measurements away from the 1 AU orbit of Earth can enable several astrophysical science cases that are challenging or impossible to perform from Earthbound platforms, including: building a detailed understanding of the extragalactic background light throughout the electromagnetic spectrum; measurements of the properties of dust and ice in the inner and outer solar system; determinations of the mass of planets and stellar remnants far from luminous stars using gravitational microlensing; and stable time-domain astronomy. Though potentially transformative for astrophysics, opportunities to fly instrumentation capable of these measurements are rare, and a mission to the distant solar system that includes instrumentation expressly designed to perform astrophysical science, or even one primarily for a different purpose but capable of precise astronomical investigation, has not yet been flown. In this White Paper, we describe the science motivations for this kind of measurement, and advocate for future flight opportunities that permit intersectional collaboration and cooperation to make these science investigations a reality.", "date": "2019-03-13", "date_type": "published", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20191002-084225513", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20191002-084225513", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.05729", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.05729.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7990k-31t52/files/1903.05729.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Zemcov, Michael; Bock, James; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/n46n7-5jt46", "eprint_id": 100327, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:51:46", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 14:14:44", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Hu-Renyu", "name": { "family": "Hu", "given": "Renyu" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-2215-8485" }, { "id": "Beichman-C-A", "name": { "family": "Beichman", "given": "Charles A." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5627-5471" }, { "name": { "family": "Brain", "given": "David" } }, { "name": { "family": "Chen", "given": "Pin" } }, { "name": { "family": "Damiano", "given": "Mario" } }, { "name": { "family": "Dawson", "given": "Rebekah" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9677-1296" }, { "name": { "family": "Friedson", "given": "A. James" } }, { "name": { "family": "Hasagawa", "given": "Yasuhiro" } }, { "id": "Howard-A-W", "name": { "family": "Howard", "given": "Andrew" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8638-0320" }, { "name": { "family": "Johnson", "given": "Robert" } }, { "name": { "family": "Kataria", "given": "Tiffany" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3759-9080" }, { "name": { "family": "Kidd", "given": "Richard" } }, { "name": { "family": "Kite", "given": "Edwin" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-1426-1186" }, { "id": "Knutson-H-A", "name": { "family": "Knutson", "given": "Heather" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5375-4725" }, { "name": { "family": "Lyra", "given": "Wladimir" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3768-7542" }, { "name": { "family": "Mischna", "given": "Michael" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-8022-5319" }, { "name": { "family": "Planavsky", "given": "Noah" } }, { "name": { "family": "Reinhard", "given": "Chris" } }, { "name": { "family": "Schlichting", "given": "Hilke" } }, { "name": { "family": "Seager", "given": "Sara" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-6892-6948" }, { "name": { "family": "Sotin", "given": "Christophe" } }, { "name": { "family": "Swain", "given": "Mark" } }, { "name": { "family": "Turner", "given": "Neal" } }, { "name": { "family": "West", "given": "Robert" } }, { "id": "Yung-Y-L", "name": { "family": "Yung", "given": "Yuk" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-4263-2562" }, { "name": { "family": "Zellem", "given": "Robert" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7547-0398" } ] }, "title": "The Super-Earth Opportunity - Search for Habitable Exoplanets in the 2020s", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "The research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.\n\nSubmitted - 1903.05258.pdf
", "abstract": "The recent discovery of a staggering diversity of planets beyond the Solar System has brought with it a greatly expanded search space for habitable worlds. The Kepler exoplanet survey has revealed that most planets in our interstellar neighborhood are larger than Earth and smaller than Neptune. Collectively termed super-Earths and mini-Neptunes, some of these planets may have the conditions to support liquid water oceans, and thus Earth-like biology, despite differing in many ways from our own planet. In addition to their quantitative abundance, super-Earths are relatively large and are thus more easily detected than true Earth twins. As a result, super-Earths represent a uniquely powerful opportunity to discover and explore a panoply of fascinating and potentially habitable planets in 2020 - 2030 and beyond.", "date": "2019-03-12", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20191217-104655016", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20191217-104655016", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA/JPL/Caltech" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" }, { "id": "Division-of-Geological-and-Planetary-Sciences" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.05258", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.05258.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/n46n7-5jt46/files/1903.05258.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Hu, Renyu; Beichman, Charles A.; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xkjyn-3a467", "eprint_id": 98846, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:50:11", "lastmod": "2026-03-18 04:55:55", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Meerburg-P-D", "name": { "family": "Meerburg", "given": "P. Daniel" } }, { "id": "Dor\u00e9-O", "name": { "family": "Dor\u00e9", "given": "Olivier" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7432-2932" }, { "id": "Schillaci-A", "name": { "family": "Schillaci", "given": "Alessandro" } }, { "id": "Wise-M-B", "name": { "family": "Wise", "given": "Mark" } } ] }, "title": "Primordial Non-Gaussianity", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Submitted - 1903.04409.pdf
", "abstract": "Our current understanding of the Universe is established through the pristine measurements of structure in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and the distribution and shapes of galaxies tracing the large scale structure (LSS) of the Universe. One key ingredient that underlies cosmological observables is that the field that sources the observed structure is assumed to be initially Gaussian with high precision. Nevertheless, a minimal deviation from Gaussianityis perhaps the most robust theoretical prediction of models that explain the observed Universe; itis necessarily present even in the simplest scenarios. In addition, most inflationary models produce far higher levels of non-Gaussianity. Since non-Gaussianity directly probes the dynamics in the early Universe, a detection would present a monumental discovery in cosmology, providing clues about physics at energy scales as high as the GUT scale.", "date": "2019-03-11", "date_type": "published", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190925-095718211", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190925-095718211", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.04409", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.04409.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/xkjyn-3a467/files/1903.04409.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Meerburg, P. Daniel; Dor\u00e9, Olivier; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8jchk-jk258", "eprint_id": 100326, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:50:30", "lastmod": "2026-03-06 20:11:51", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Reitze-D-H", "name": { "family": "Reitze", "given": "David" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5756-1111" }, { "id": "Abbott-Richard", "name": { "family": "Abbott", "given": "Richard" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-1106-1178" }, { "id": "Adams-Carl", "name": { "family": "Adams", "given": "Carl" } }, { "id": "Adhikari-R-X", "name": { "family": "Adhikari", "given": "Rana" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5731-5076" }, { "id": "Aggarwal-Nancy", "name": { "family": "Aggarwal", "given": "Nancy" } }, { "id": "Anand-Shreya", "name": { "family": "Anand", "given": "Shreya" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3768-7515" }, { "id": "Ananyeva-Alena", "name": { "family": "Ananyeva", "given": "Alena" } }, { "id": 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", "abstract": "Recent gravitational-wave observations from the LIGO and Virgo observatories have brought a sense of great excitement to scientists and citizens the world over. Since September 2015,10 binary black hole coalescences and one binary neutron star coalescence have been observed. They have provided remarkable, revolutionary insight into the \"gravitational Universe\" and have greatly extended the field of multi-messenger astronomy. At present, Advanced LIGO can see binary black hole coalescences out to redshift 0.6 and binary neutron star coalescences to redshift 0.05. This probes only a very small fraction of the volume of the observable Universe. However, current technologies can be extended to construct \"3rd Generation\" (3G) gravitational-wave observatories that would extend our reach to the very edge of the observable Universe. The event rates over such a large volume would be in the hundreds of thousands per year (i.e. tens per hour). Such 3G detectors would have a 10-fold improvement in strain sensitivity over the current generation of instruments, yielding signal-to-noise ratios of 1000 for events like those already seen. Several concepts are being studied for which engineering studies and reliable cost estimates will be developed in the next 5 years.", "date": "2019-03-11", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "BAAS", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20191217-095908525", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20191217-095908525", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "LIGO" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "corp_creators": { "items": [ "LIGO Scientific Collaboration" ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.04615", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.04615.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/8jchk-jk258/files/1903.04615.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Reitze, David; Abbott, Richard; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1xt7h-pvp37", "eprint_id": 98987, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 14:48:00", "lastmod": "2026-03-06 22:36:14", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Cooray-A", "name": { "family": "Cooray", "given": "Asantha" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-3892-0190" }, { "id": "Appleton-P-N", "name": { "family": "Appleton", "given": "Phil" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7607-8766" }, { "id": "Armus-L", "name": { "family": "Armus", "given": "Lee" }, "orcid": "0000-0003-3498-2973" }, { "id": "Bock-J-J", "name": { "family": "Bock", "given": "Jamie" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5710-5212" }, { "id": "Chary-R-R", "name": { "family": "Chary", "given": "Ranga" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-7583-0621" } ] }, "title": "Cosmic Dawn and Reionization: Astrophysics in the Final Frontier", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Submitted - 1903.03629.pdf
", "abstract": "The cosmic dawn and epoch of reionization mark the time period in the universe when stars, galaxies, and blackhole seeds first formed and the intergalactic medium changed from neutral to an ionized one. Despite substantial progress with multi-wavelength observations, astrophysical process during this time period remain some of the least understood with large uncertainties on our existing models of galaxy, blackhole, and structure formation. This white paper outlines the current state of knowledge and anticipated scientific outcomes with ground and space-based astronomical facilities in the 2020s. We then propose a number of scientific goals and objectives for new facilities in late 2020s to mid 2030s that will lead to definitive measurements of key astrophysical processes in the epoch of reionization and cosmic dawn.", "date": "2019-03-08", "date_type": "published", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20191001-110421553", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20191001-110421553", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Astronomy-Department" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1903.03629", "primary_object": { "basename": "1903.03629.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1xt7h-pvp37/files/1903.03629.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2019", "author_list": "Cooray, Asantha; Appleton, Phil; et al." }, { "id": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/py1ws-pat21", "eprint_id": 92465, "eprint_status": "archive", "datestamp": "2023-08-19 08:25:03", "lastmod": "2026-03-31 21:28:37", "type": "publication_whitepaper", "metadata_visibility": "show", "creators": { "items": [ { "id": "Yee-Jennifer-C", "name": { "family": "Yee", "given": "Jennifer C." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9481-7123" }, { "name": { "family": "Anderson", "given": "Jay" } }, { "id": "Akeson-R-L", "name": { "family": "Akeson", "given": "Rachel" }, "orcid": "0000-0001-9674-1564" }, { "name": { "family": "Bachelet", "given": "Etienne" } }, { "id": "Beichman-C-A", "name": { "family": "Beichman", "given": "Charles" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5627-5471" }, { "name": { "family": "Bellini", "given": "Andrea" } }, { "name": { "family": "Bennett", "given": "David" } }, { "name": { "family": "Bhattacharya", "given": "Aparna" } }, { "name": { "family": "Bozza", "given": "Valerio" } }, { "id": "Calchi-Novati-S", "name": { "family": "Calchi Novati", "given": "Sebastiano" }, "orcid": "0000-0002-7669-1069" }, { "name": { "family": "Clarkson", "given": "Will" } }, { "id": "Ciardi-D-R", "name": { "family": "Ciardi", "given": "David R." }, "orcid": "0000-0002-5741-3047" }, { "name": { "family": "Gould", "given": "Andrew" } }, { "id": "Henderson-C-B", "name": { "family": "Henderson", "given": "Calen B." }, "orcid": "0000-0001-8877-9060" }, { "name": { "family": "Jacklin", "given": "Savannah R." } }, { "name": { "family": "Khakpash", "given": "Somayeh" } }, { "name": { "family": "Mao", "given": "Shude" } }, { "name": { "family": "Mennesson", "given": "Bertrand" } }, { "name": { "family": "Nataf", "given": "David M." } }, { "name": { "family": "Penny", "given": "Matthew" } }, { "name": { "family": "Pepper", "given": "Joshua" } }, { "name": { "family": "Poleski", "given": "Radek" } }, { "name": { "family": "Ranc", "given": "Clement" } }, { "name": { "family": "Sahu", "given": "Kailash" } }, { "name": { "family": "Shvartzvald", "given": "Y." } }, { "name": { "family": "Street", "given": "R. A." } }, { "name": { "family": "Sumi", "given": "Takahiro" } }, { "name": { "family": "Suzuki", "given": "Daisuke" } } ] }, "title": "White Paper: Exoplanetary Microlensing from the Ground in the 2020s", "ispublished": "unpub", "full_text_status": "public", "note": "Submitted - 1803.07921.pdf
", "abstract": "Microlensing can access planet populations that no other method can probe: cold wide-orbit planets beyond the snow line, planets in both the Galactic bulge and disk, and free floating planets (FFPs). The demographics of each population will provide unique constraints on planet formation. \n\nOver the past 5 years, U.S. microlensing campaigns with Spitzer and UKIRT have provided a powerful complement to international ground-based microlensing surveys, with major breakthroughs in parallax measurements and probing new regions of the Galaxy. The scientific vitality of these projects has also promoted the development of the U.S. microlensing community. \n\nIn the 2020s, the U.S. can continue to play a major role in ground-based microlensing by leveraging U.S. assets to complement ongoing ground-based international surveys. LSST and UKIRT microlensing surveys would probe vast regions of the Galaxy, where planets form under drastically different conditions. Moreover, while ground-based surveys will measure the planet mass-ratio function beyond the snow line, adaptive optics (AO) observations with ELTs would turn all of these mass ratios into masses and also distinguish between very wide-orbit planets and genuine FFPs. To the extent possible, cooperation of U.S. scientists with international surveys should also be encouraged and supported.", "date": "2018-03-21", "date_type": "published", "publisher": "arXiv", "id_number": "CaltechAUTHORS:20190124-122627925", "official_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190124-122627925", "rights": "No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.", "funders": { "items": [ { "agency": "NASA Postdoctoral Program" } ] }, "local_group": { "items": [ { "id": "Infrared-Processing-and-Analysis-Center-(IPAC)" }, { "id": "Physics-Department" } ] }, "doi": "10.48550/arXiv.1803.07921", "primary_object": { "basename": "1803.07921.pdf", "url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/py1ws-pat21/files/1803.07921.pdf" }, "pub_year": "2018", "author_list": "Yee, Jennifer C.; Anderson, Jay; et al." } ]