[
{
"id": "authors:vgy7n-90687",
"collection": "authors",
"collection_id": "vgy7n-90687",
"cite_using_url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vgy7n-90687",
"type": "article",
"title": "A Test of Substellar Evolutionary Models with High-precision Ages from Asteroseismology and Gyrochronology for the Benchmark System HR 7672AB",
"author": [
{
"family_name": "Li \u674e",
"given_name": "Yaguang \u4e9a\u5149",
"orcid": "0000-0003-3020-4437"
},
{
"family_name": "Liu",
"given_name": "Michael C.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2232-7664"
},
{
"family_name": "Dupuy",
"given_name": "Trent J.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9823-1445"
},
{
"family_name": "Huber",
"given_name": "Daniel",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8832-4488"
},
{
"family_name": "Zhang \u5f20",
"given_name": "Jingwen \u5a67\u96ef",
"orcid": "0000-0002-2696-2406"
},
{
"family_name": "Hey",
"given_name": "Daniel",
"orcid": "0000-0003-3244-5357"
},
{
"family_name": "Costa",
"given_name": "R. R.",
"orcid": "0009-0008-6039-6381"
},
{
"family_name": "Larsen",
"given_name": "Jens Reersted",
"orcid": "0009-0006-0423-2353"
},
{
"family_name": "Ong \u738b",
"given_name": "J. M. Joel. \u52a0\u5195",
"orcid": "0000-0001-7664-648X"
},
{
"family_name": "Basu",
"given_name": "Sarbani",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6163-3472"
},
{
"family_name": "Metcalfe",
"given_name": "Travis S.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4034-0416"
},
{
"family_name": "Zhou \u5468",
"given_name": "Yixiao \u4e00\u5578",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0817-6126"
},
{
"family_name": "van Saders",
"given_name": "Jennifer",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4284-8638"
},
{
"family_name": "Bedding",
"given_name": "Timothy R.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5222-4661"
},
{
"family_name": "Hon",
"given_name": "Marc",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2400-6960"
},
{
"family_name": "Kjeldsen",
"given_name": "Hans",
"orcid": "0000-0002-9037-0018"
},
{
"family_name": "Campante",
"given_name": "Tiago L.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4588-5389"
},
{
"family_name": "Monteiro",
"given_name": "M\u00e1rio J. P. F. G.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0513-8116"
},
{
"family_name": "Lundkvist",
"given_name": "Mia Sloth",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8661-2571"
},
{
"family_name": "Winther",
"given_name": "Mark Lykke",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1687-3271"
},
{
"family_name": "Chontos",
"given_name": "Ashley",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1125-2564"
},
{
"family_name": "Saunders",
"given_name": "Nicholas",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2657-3889"
},
{
"family_name": "Carmichael",
"given_name": "Theron W.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-6416-1274"
},
{
"family_name": "Bouchez",
"given_name": "Antonin",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9954-4398"
},
{
"family_name": "Alvarez",
"given_name": "Carlos",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0815-7953"
},
{
"family_name": "Walker",
"given_name": "Samuel A. U.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-7062-815X"
},
{
"family_name": "Sepulveda",
"given_name": "Aldo G.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8621-2682"
},
{
"family_name": "Isaacson",
"given_name": "Howard",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0531-1073"
},
{
"family_name": "Howard",
"given_name": "Andrew W.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8638-0320",
"clpid": "Howard-A-W"
},
{
"family_name": "Gibson",
"given_name": "Steven R.",
"orcid": "0009-0004-4454-6053",
"clpid": "Gibson-Steven-R"
},
{
"family_name": "Halverson",
"given_name": "Samuel",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1312-9391",
"clpid": "Halverson-Samuel"
},
{
"family_name": "Rider",
"given_name": "Kodi"
},
{
"family_name": "Roy",
"given_name": "Arpita",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8127-5775"
},
{
"family_name": "Baker",
"given_name": "Ashley D.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6525-7013",
"clpid": "Baker-Ashley"
},
{
"family_name": "Edelstein",
"given_name": "Jerry",
"orcid": "0009-0002-2419-8819"
},
{
"family_name": "Smith",
"given_name": "Chris"
},
{
"family_name": "Fulton",
"given_name": "Benjamin J.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-3504-5316",
"clpid": "Fulton-Benjamin-J"
},
{
"family_name": "Walawender",
"given_name": "Josh",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6092-8295"
}
],
"abstract": "\n
We present high-precision measurements for HR 7672AB, composed of a Sun-like (G0V) star and an L dwarf companion. Three nights of precise (70 cm s−1) radial velocity (RV) asteroseismology with the Keck Planet Finder clearly detect 5 minute oscillations from the primary, HR 7672A, and modeling of the frequency spectrum yields an asteroseismic age of 1.87 ± 0.65 Gyr. We also determine a gyrochronological age of 2.58 ± 0.47 Gyr, and we combine these two results for a final age of 2.26 ± 0.40 Gyr. In addition, we obtained new RVs for HR 7672A and new astrometry for the companion HR 7672B. From a joint orbit fit, we measured a dynamical mass of 1.111 ± 0.017 M\u2299 for HR 7672A and 75.39 ± 0.67 MJup for HR 7672B. This places the companion near the stellar/substellar boundary and is thus particularly sensitive to differences in model predictions. The joint precision in host star age (18% uncertainty) and companion mass (0.9% uncertainty) makes HR 7672AB an exceptional substellar benchmark. Combined with the companion’s luminosity, we use these measurements to test predictions from six brown dwarf cooling models. The best agreement occurs with the G. Chabrier et al. models, which incorporate a new equation of state, resulting in predictions that agree within <0.3σ with all the observations. The other five sets of models agree at the 1σ–3σ level, depending on the particular test, and some models struggle to predict a sufficiently low luminosity for HR 7672B at any age given its dynamical mass. We also detected a weak seismic signal in near-simultaneous TESS photometry of HR 7672A, with the resulting RV-to-photometry oscillation amplitude ratio consistent with solar values.
\n
We present a rotational velocity (v sin i) survey of 32 stellar/substellar objects and giant planets using Keck/KPIC high-resolution spectroscopy, including 6 giant planets (2–7 MJup) and 25 substellar/stellar companions (12–88 MJup). Adding companions with spin measurements from the literature, we construct a curated spin sample for 43 benchmark stellar/substellar companions and giant planets and 54 free-floating brown dwarfs and planetary mass objects. We compare their spins, parameterized as fractional breakup velocities at 10 Myr, assuming constant angular momentum evolution. We find the first clear evidence that giant planets exhibit distinct spins versus low-mass brown dwarf companions (10–40 MJup) at 4–4.5σ significance assuming inclinations aligned with their orbits, while under randomly oriented inclinations the significance is at 1.6–2.1σ. Our findings hold when considering various assumptions about planets, and the mass ratio below 0.8% gives a clean cut for rotation between giant planets and brown dwarf companions. The higher fractional breakup velocities of planets can be interpreted as less angular momentum loss through circumplanetary disk braking during the planet formation phase. Brown dwarf companions exhibit evidence of slower rotation compared to isolated brown dwarfs, while planets and planetary mass objects show similar spins. Finally, our analysis of specific angular momentum versus age of 221 stellar/substellar objects below 0.1 M\u2299 with spin measurements in the literature indicates that the substellar objects of 5–40 MJup retain much higher angular momenta compared to stellar and substellar objects of 40–100 MJup after 10 Myr, when their initial angular momenta were set.
",
"doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/ae434b",
"issn": "0004-6256",
"publisher": "American Astronomical Society",
"publication": "Astronomical Journal",
"publication_date": "2026-04",
"series_number": "4",
"volume": "171",
"issue": "4",
"pages": "224"
},
{
"id": "authors:zwje1-kjy56",
"collection": "authors",
"collection_id": "zwje1-kjy56",
"cite_using_url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/zwje1-kjy56",
"type": "article",
"title": "Possible Stratospheric Emission in the Warm Neptune GJ 436 b from High-resolution Spectroscopy",
"author": [
{
"family_name": "Finnerty",
"given_name": "Luke",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1392-0768"
},
{
"family_name": "Fitzgerald",
"given_name": "Michael P.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0176-8973"
},
{
"family_name": "Xuan",
"given_name": "Jerry W.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6618-1137",
"clpid": "Xuan-Jerry-W"
},
{
"family_name": "Echeverri",
"given_name": "Daniel",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040",
"clpid": "Echeverri-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Jovanovic",
"given_name": "Nemanja",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5213-6207",
"clpid": "Jovanovic-N"
},
{
"family_name": "Mawet",
"given_name": "Dimitri",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735",
"clpid": "Mawet-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Blake",
"given_name": "Geoffrey A.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0787-1610",
"clpid": "Blake-G-A"
},
{
"family_name": "Baker",
"given_name": "Ashley",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6525-7013",
"clpid": "Baker-Ashley"
},
{
"family_name": "Bartos",
"given_name": "Randall",
"clpid": "Bartos-Randall"
},
{
"family_name": "Calvin",
"given_name": "Benjamin",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4737-5486",
"clpid": "Calvin-Benjamin"
},
{
"family_name": "Cetre",
"given_name": "Sylvain"
},
{
"family_name": "Delorme",
"given_name": "Jacques-Robert",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8953-1008",
"clpid": "Delorme-Jacques-Robert"
},
{
"family_name": "Doppmann",
"given_name": "Greg"
},
{
"family_name": "Horstman",
"given_name": "Katelyn",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9708-8667",
"clpid": "Horstman-Katelyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Hsu",
"given_name": "Chih-Chun",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5370-7494"
},
{
"family_name": "Inglis",
"given_name": "Julie",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9164-7966",
"clpid": "Inglis-Julie"
},
{
"family_name": "Liberman",
"given_name": "Joshua",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4934-3042",
"clpid": "Liberman-Joshua"
},
{
"family_name": "L\u00f3pez",
"given_name": "Ronald A.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-2019-4995"
},
{
"family_name": "Morris",
"given_name": "Evan",
"orcid": "0000-0003-3165-0922"
},
{
"family_name": "Pezzato-Rovner",
"given_name": "Jacklyn",
"clpid": "Pezzato-Rovner-Jacklyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Ruffio",
"given_name": "Jean-Baptiste",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2233-4821",
"clpid": "Ruffio-J-B"
},
{
"family_name": "Sappey",
"given_name": "Ben",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1399-3593"
},
{
"family_name": "Schofield",
"given_name": "Tobias",
"clpid": "Schofield-Tobias"
},
{
"family_name": "Skemer",
"given_name": "Andrew",
"orcid": "0000-0001-6098-3924"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallace",
"given_name": "J. Kent",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5299-6899",
"clpid": "Wallace-J-Kent"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallack",
"given_name": "Nicole L.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0354-0187",
"clpid": "Wallack-N-L"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang \u738b",
"given_name": "Jason J. \u52b2\u98de",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0774-6502",
"clpid": "Wang-Jason-J"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang \u738b",
"given_name": "Ji \u5409",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885"
},
{
"family_name": "Xin",
"given_name": "Yinzi",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6171-9081",
"clpid": "Xin-Yinzi"
}
],
"abstract": "\n
We present high-spectral-resolution L-band (2.91–3.85 μm) observations of the warm Neptune GJ 436 b from Keck II/KPIC. KPIC’s single-mode fiber feed reduces the L-band background by a factor of 30, significantly improving sensitivity compared to a seeing-limited spectrometer and enabling a tentative (signal-to-noise ratio of 3–4) cross-correlation detection of GJ 436 b with a thermally inverted atmospheric model. In contrast with recent results from JWST and high-resolution transmission spectroscopy, our retrieval analysis prefers the presence of H2O, and possibly CH4, molecular features in emission. The broadband continuum flux associated with the maximum-likelihood model is substantially higher than expected based on both the ∼670 K equilibrium temperature of GJ 436 b and previous results from low-resolution spectroscopy. We demonstrate that the loss of continuum information during the processing of high-resolution spectra makes our analysis effectively insensitive to the absolute continuum level of the planet, and that scaling the maximum-likelihood model to match the broadband flux measured from low-resolution observations of GJ 436 b results in a detection of similar strength in cross correlation. These results could be explained by a thermal inversion arising above a haze layer in the upper atmosphere of GJ 436 b. Further observations, ideally posteclipse in order to break the Kp–Δvsys degeneracy, are needed to clarify this possible detection. This work demonstrates the potential of L-band high-resolution spectroscopy for characterizing significantly smaller and cooler exoplanets compared with hot Jupiters.
\n
CD-35 2722 B is an L dwarf companion to the nearby, ∼50–200 Myr old M1 dwarf CD-35 2722 A. We present a detailed analysis of both objects using high-resolution ( R ∼ 35,000) K -band spectroscopy from the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer combined with archival photometry. With a mass of 30 −4 + 5 M Jup (planet-to-host mass ratio 0.05) and projected separation of 67 ± 4 au from its host, CD-35 2722 B likely formed via gravitational instability. We explore whether the chemical composition of the system tells a similar story. Accounting for systematic uncertainties, we find [ M / H ] = − 0.16 −0.02 + 0.03 ( stat ) ± 0.25 ( sys ) dex and 12C/13C = 132 −14 +20 for the host, and [ M / H ] = 0.27 -0.06+0.07 ( stat ) ±0.12 (sys) dex, 12CO/13CO = 159 −24+33 (stat) −33+40 ( sys ), and C/O = 0.55 ± 0.01 (stat) ± 0.04 (sys) for the companion. The chemical compositions for the brown dwarf and host star agree within the 1.5 σ level, supporting a scenario where CD-35 2722 B formed via gravitational instability. We do not find evidence for clouds on CD-35 2722 B despite it being a photometrically red mid-L dwarf and thus expected to be quite cloudy. We retrieve a temperature structure that is more isothermal than models and investigate its impact on our measurements, finding that constraining the temperature structure to self-consistent models does not significantly impact our retrieved chemical properties. Our observations highlight the need for data from complementary wavelength ranges to verify the presence of aerosols in likely cloudy L dwarfs.
",
"doi": "10.3847/1538-4357/ae232f",
"issn": "0004-637X",
"publisher": "American Astronomical Society",
"publication": "Astrophysical Journal",
"publication_date": "2026-02-01",
"series_number": "2",
"volume": "997",
"issue": "2",
"pages": "195"
},
{
"id": "authors:tgbjs-vp574",
"collection": "authors",
"collection_id": "tgbjs-vp574",
"cite_using_url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/tgbjs-vp574",
"type": "article",
"title": "Dynamical Architectures of S-type Transiting Planets in Binaries. II. A Dichotomy in Orbital Alignment of Small Planets in Close Binary Systems",
"author": [
{
"family_name": "Zhang \u5f20",
"given_name": "Jingwen \u5a67 \u96ef",
"orcid": "0000-0002-2696-2406"
},
{
"family_name": "Huber",
"given_name": "Daniel",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8832-4488"
},
{
"family_name": "Bottom",
"given_name": "Michael",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1341-5531"
},
{
"family_name": "Weiss",
"given_name": "Lauren M.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-3725-3058"
},
{
"family_name": "Xuan",
"given_name": "Jerry W.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6618-1137",
"clpid": "Xuan-Jerry-W"
},
{
"family_name": "Kraus",
"given_name": "Adam L.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9811-568X"
},
{
"family_name": "Hsu",
"given_name": "Chih-Chun",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5370-7494"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang \u738b",
"given_name": "Jason J. \u52b2 \u98de",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0774-6502",
"clpid": "Wang-Jason-J"
},
{
"family_name": "Dai",
"given_name": "Fei",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8958-0683"
},
{
"family_name": "Horstman",
"given_name": "Katelyn",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9708-8667",
"clpid": "Horstman-Katelyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Baker",
"given_name": "Ashley",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6525-7013",
"clpid": "Baker-Ashley"
},
{
"family_name": "Bartos",
"given_name": "Randall",
"clpid": "Bartos-Randall"
},
{
"family_name": "Calvin",
"given_name": "Benjamin",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4737-5486",
"clpid": "Calvin-Benjamin"
},
{
"family_name": "Cetre",
"given_name": "Sylvain"
},
{
"family_name": "Clark",
"given_name": "Catherine A.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-2361-5812",
"clpid": "Clark-Catherine-A"
},
{
"family_name": "Ciardi",
"given_name": "David R.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5741-3047",
"clpid": "Ciardi-David-R"
},
{
"family_name": "Delorme",
"given_name": "Jacques-Robert",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8953-1008"
},
{
"family_name": "Doppmann",
"given_name": "Gregory W."
},
{
"family_name": "Echeverri",
"given_name": "Daniel",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040",
"clpid": "Echeverri-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Finnerty",
"given_name": "Luke",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1392-0768"
},
{
"family_name": "Fitzgerald",
"given_name": "Michael P.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0176-8973"
},
{
"family_name": "Howell",
"given_name": "Steve B.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-2532-2853"
},
{
"family_name": "Isaacson",
"given_name": "Howard",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0531-1073"
},
{
"family_name": "Jovanovic",
"given_name": "Nemanja",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5213-6207",
"clpid": "Jovanovic-N"
},
{
"family_name": "Lester",
"given_name": "Kathryn V.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-9903-9911"
},
{
"family_name": "Liberman",
"given_name": "Joshua",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4934-3042",
"clpid": "Liberman-Joshua"
},
{
"family_name": "L\u00f3pez",
"given_name": "Ronald A.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-2019-4995"
},
{
"family_name": "Mawet",
"given_name": "Dimitri",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735",
"clpid": "Mawet-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Morris",
"given_name": "Evan",
"orcid": "0000-0003-3165-0922"
},
{
"family_name": "Pezzato-Rovner",
"given_name": "Jacklyn",
"clpid": "Pezzato-Rovner-Jacklyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Ruffio",
"given_name": "Jean-Baptiste",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2233-4821",
"clpid": "Ruffio-J-B"
},
{
"family_name": "Sappey",
"given_name": "Ben",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1399-3593"
},
{
"family_name": "Schofield",
"given_name": "Tobias",
"clpid": "Schofield-Tobias"
},
{
"family_name": "Skemer",
"given_name": "Andrew",
"orcid": "0000-0001-6098-3924"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallace",
"given_name": "J. Kent",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5299-6899",
"clpid": "Wallace-J-Kent"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang \u738b",
"given_name": "Ji \u5409",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885"
},
{
"family_name": "Xin",
"given_name": "Yinzi",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6171-9081",
"clpid": "Xin-Yinzi"
},
{
"family_name": "Van Zandt",
"given_name": "Judah",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4290-6826"
}
],
"abstract": "Stellar multiplicity plays a crucial role in shaping planet formation and dynamical evolution. We present a survey of 54 TESS objects of interest (TOIs) within 300 pc that exhibit significant Hipparcos−Gaia astrometric accelerations. We identified 35 TOIs with stellar companions at projected separations between 0.″1 and 2″ (or 10–200 au). We also identified 12 TOIs that could host planetary-mass or brown dwarf companions, including six that are newly discovered. Furthermore, we perform 3D orbital characterization for 12 binaries hosting confirmed planets or planet candidates, allowing us to constrain the line-of-sight mutual inclination, Δ I_(los), between the planetary and binary orbits. Combining our sample with previous measurements, we apply Bayesian hierarchical analysis to a total of 26 binary systems with S-type transiting planets (r_p < 5 R⊕). Specifically, we fit the Δ I_(los) distribution with both single (Rayleigh) and mixture models (two-component Rayleigh and Rayleigh-isotropic mixture). We find the mixture models are strongly favored (log Z \u2273 13.9, or ≈5σ), indicating the observed planet-binary Δ I_(los) values likely originate from two underlying populations: one nearly aligned (σ\u2081 = 2 .°4_(−0.9)^(+0.7) and one with more scattered mutual inclinations (σ\u2082 = 23 .°6_(−7.1)^(+8.8). Alternatively, the misaligned systems can be equally well described by an isotropic distribution of inclinations. This observed dichotomy likely reflects different dynamical histories. Notably, the misaligned population only emerges in systems with stellar periastron distances >40 au, while systems with close-in or eccentric stellar companions (periastron distances <40 au) preserve planet−binary alignment.
",
"doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/ae2309",
"issn": "0004-6256",
"publisher": "American Astronomical Society",
"publication": "Astronomical Journal",
"publication_date": "2026-02",
"series_number": "2",
"volume": "171",
"issue": "2",
"pages": "77"
},
{
"id": "authors:hnxw2-h7m13",
"collection": "authors",
"collection_id": "hnxw2-h7m13",
"cite_using_url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/hnxw2-h7m13",
"type": "article",
"title": "The Watery Atmosphere of HD 209458 b Revealed by Joint K- and L-band High-resolution Spectroscopy",
"author": [
{
"family_name": "Finnerty",
"given_name": "Luke",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1392-0768"
},
{
"family_name": "Inglis",
"given_name": "Julie",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9164-7966",
"clpid": "Inglis-Julie"
},
{
"family_name": "Fitzgerald",
"given_name": "Michael P.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0176-8973"
},
{
"family_name": "Echeverri",
"given_name": "Daniel",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040",
"clpid": "Echeverri-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Jovanovic",
"given_name": "Nemanja",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5213-6207",
"clpid": "Jovanovic-N"
},
{
"family_name": "Mawet",
"given_name": "Dimitri",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735",
"clpid": "Mawet-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Blake",
"given_name": "Geoffrey A.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0787-1610",
"clpid": "Blake-G-A"
},
{
"family_name": "Baker",
"given_name": "Ashley",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6525-7013",
"clpid": "Baker-Ashley"
},
{
"family_name": "Bartos",
"given_name": "Randall",
"clpid": "Bartos-Randall"
},
{
"family_name": "Calvin",
"given_name": "Benjamin",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4737-5486",
"clpid": "Calvin-Benjamin"
},
{
"family_name": "Cetre",
"given_name": "Sylvain"
},
{
"family_name": "Delorme",
"given_name": "Jacques-Robert",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8953-1008",
"clpid": "Delorme-Jacques-Robert"
},
{
"family_name": "Doppmann",
"given_name": "Greg"
},
{
"family_name": "Horstman",
"given_name": "Katelyn",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9708-8667",
"clpid": "Horstman-Katelyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Hsu",
"given_name": "Chih-Chun",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5370-7494"
},
{
"family_name": "Liberman",
"given_name": "Joshua",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4934-3042",
"clpid": "Liberman-Joshua"
},
{
"family_name": "L\u00f3pez",
"given_name": "Ronald A.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-2019-4995"
},
{
"family_name": "Morris",
"given_name": "Evan",
"orcid": "0000-0003-3165-0922"
},
{
"family_name": "Pezzato-Rovner",
"given_name": "Jacklyn",
"clpid": "Pezzato-Rovner-Jacklyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Ruffio",
"given_name": "Jean-Baptiste",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2233-4821",
"clpid": "Ruffio-J-B"
},
{
"family_name": "Sappey",
"given_name": "Ben",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1399-3593"
},
{
"family_name": "Schofield",
"given_name": "Tobias",
"clpid": "Schofield-Tobias"
},
{
"family_name": "Skemer",
"given_name": "Andrew",
"orcid": "0000-0001-6098-3924"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallace",
"given_name": "J. Kent",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5299-6899",
"clpid": "Wallace-J-Kent"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallack",
"given_name": "Nicole L.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0354-0187",
"clpid": "Wallack-N-L"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "Jason J \u738b\u52b2\u98de",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0774-6502",
"clpid": "Wang-Jason-J"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "Ji \u738b\u5409",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885"
},
{
"family_name": "Xin",
"given_name": "Yinzi",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6171-9081",
"clpid": "Xin-Yinzi"
},
{
"family_name": "Xuan",
"given_name": "Jerry W.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6618-1137",
"clpid": "Xuan-Jerry-W"
}
],
"abstract": "We present a joint analysis of high-resolution K- and L-band observations of the benchmark hot Jupiter HD 209458 b from the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer. One half-night of observations was obtained in each bandpass, covering similar preeclipse phases. The two epochs were then jointly analyzed using our atmospheric retrieval pipeline based on petitRADTRANS to constrain the atmospheric pressure–temperature profile and chemical composition. Consistent with recent results from JWST observations at lower spectral resolution, we obtain an oxygen-rich composition for HD 209458 b (C/O < 10−3 at 95% confidence) and a lower limit on the volatile metallicity similar to the solar value ([(C + O)/H] > −0.2 at 95% confidence). Leveraging the large spectral grasp of the multiband observations, we constrain the atmospheric H2O mixing ratio to log H\u2082O_(V MR) > -3.1 at 95% confidence, and obtain 95% upper limits on the atmospheric mixing ratios of CO (<10−4.8), CH4 (<10−4.5), NH3 (<10−5.8), H2S (<10−3.3), and HCN (<10−5.6). The limits on CH4, NH3, and HCN are consistent with recent results from JWST transmission spectroscopy, demonstrating the value of multiband, ground-based high-resolution spectroscopy for precisely constraining trace-species abundances in exoplanet atmospheres. The retrieved low-C/O, moderate-metallicity composition for HD 209458 b is consistent with formation scenarios involving late accretion of substantial quantities of oxygen-rich refractory solids and/or ices.
",
"doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/adfb71",
"issn": "0004-6256",
"publisher": "American Astronomical Society",
"publication": "Astronomical Journal",
"publication_date": "2025-10",
"series_number": "4",
"volume": "170",
"issue": "4",
"pages": "223"
},
{
"id": "authors:21q11-bgq53",
"collection": "authors",
"collection_id": "21q11-bgq53",
"cite_using_url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/21q11-bgq53",
"type": "article",
"title": "TOI-880 is an Aligned, Coplanar, Multiplanet System",
"author": [
{
"family_name": "Zhang",
"given_name": "Elina Y.",
"orcid": "0009-0004-0455-2424"
},
{
"family_name": "Teng",
"given_name": "Huan-Yu",
"orcid": "0000-0003-3860-6297"
},
{
"family_name": "Dai",
"given_name": "Fei",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8958-0683"
},
{
"family_name": "Howard",
"given_name": "Andrew W.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8638-0320",
"clpid": "Howard-A-W"
},
{
"family_name": "Halverson",
"given_name": "Samuel P.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1312-9391",
"clpid": "Halverson-Samuel-P"
},
{
"family_name": "Isaacson",
"given_name": "Howard",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0531-1073"
},
{
"family_name": "Rubenzahl",
"given_name": "Ryan A.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-3856-3143"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "Xian-Yu",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0376-6365"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "Songhu",
"orcid": "0000-0002-7846-6981"
},
{
"family_name": "Fulton",
"given_name": "Benjamin J.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-3504-5316",
"clpid": "Fulton-Benjamin-J"
},
{
"family_name": "Nielsen",
"given_name": "Louise D.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5254-2499"
},
{
"family_name": "Lubin",
"given_name": "Jack",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8342-7736"
},
{
"family_name": "Giacalone",
"given_name": "Steven",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8965-3969",
"clpid": "Giacalone-Steven"
},
{
"family_name": "Handley",
"given_name": "Luke B.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-9305-5101",
"clpid": "Handley-Luke-B"
},
{
"family_name": "Petigura",
"given_name": "Erik A.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0967-2893"
},
{
"family_name": "Turtelboom",
"given_name": "Emma V.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1845-2617"
},
{
"family_name": "Polanski",
"given_name": "Alex S.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-7047-8681"
},
{
"family_name": "Gibson",
"given_name": "Steve R.",
"orcid": "0009-0004-4454-6053",
"clpid": "Gibson-Steven-R"
},
{
"family_name": "Rider",
"given_name": "Kodi"
},
{
"family_name": "Roy",
"given_name": "Arpita",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8127-5775"
},
{
"family_name": "Baker",
"given_name": "Ashley",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6525-7013",
"clpid": "Baker-Ashley"
},
{
"family_name": "Edelstein",
"given_name": "Jerry",
"orcid": "0009-0002-2419-8819"
},
{
"family_name": "Smith",
"given_name": "Christopher L."
},
{
"family_name": "Walawender",
"given_name": "Josh",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6092-8295"
},
{
"family_name": "Winn",
"given_name": "Joshua N.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4265-047X"
}
],
"abstract": "Although many cases of stellar spin–orbit misalignment are known, it is usually unclear whether a single planet’s orbit was tilted or if the entire protoplanetary disk was misaligned. Measuring stellar obliquities in multitransiting planetary systems helps to distinguish these possibilities. Here, we present a measurement of the sky-projected spin–orbit angle for TOI-880 c (TOI-880.01), a member of a system of three transiting planets, using the Keck Planet Finder. We found that the host star is a K-type star (Teff = 5050 ± 100 K). Planet b (TOI-880.02) has a radius of 2.19 ± 0.11R⊕ and an orbital period of 2.6 days; planet c (TOI-880.01) is a Neptune-sized planet with 4.95 ± 0.20R⊕ on a 6.4 days orbit; and planet d (TOI-880.03) has a radius of 3.40^(+0.22)_(-0.21)R⊕ and a period of 14.3 days. By modeling the Rossiter–McLaughlin effect, we found the sky-projected obliquity to be \u2223λ_c\u2223 = 7.4^(+6.8)_(-7.2)°, consistent with a prograde, well-aligned orbit. The lack of detectable rotational modulation of the flux of the host star and a low v sin i \u22c6 (1.6 km s−1) imply slow rotation and correspondingly slow nodal precession of the planetary orbits and the expectation that the system will remain in this coplanar configuration. TOI-880 joins a growing sample of well-aligned, coplanar, multitransiting systems. Additionally, TOI-880 c is a promising target for James Webb Space Telescope follow-up, with a transmission spectroscopy metric of ∼170. We could not detect clear signs of atmospheric erosion in the Hα line from TOI-880 c, as photoevaporation might have diminished for this mature planet.
",
"doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/adf339",
"issn": "0004-6256",
"publisher": "American Astronomical Society",
"publication": "Astronomical Journal",
"publication_date": "2025-09",
"series_number": "3",
"volume": "170",
"issue": "3",
"pages": "175"
},
{
"id": "authors:eedjt-5fv38",
"collection": "authors",
"collection_id": "eedjt-5fv38",
"cite_using_url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/eedjt-5fv38",
"type": "article",
"title": "Stellar Obliquity of the Ultra-short-period Planet System HD 93963",
"author": [
{
"family_name": "Teng \u6ed5",
"given_name": "Huan-Yu \u73af\u5b87",
"orcid": "0000-0003-3860-6297"
},
{
"family_name": "Dai \u6234",
"given_name": "Fei \u98de",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8958-0683"
},
{
"family_name": "Howard",
"given_name": "Andrew W.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8638-0320",
"clpid": "Howard-A-W"
},
{
"family_name": "Halverson",
"given_name": "Samuel",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1312-9391",
"clpid": "Halverson-Samuel"
},
{
"family_name": "Isaacson",
"given_name": "Howard",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0531-1073"
},
{
"family_name": "Kokubo \u5c0f\u4e45\u4fdd",
"given_name": "Eiichiro \u82f1\u4e00\u90ce",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5486-7828"
},
{
"family_name": "Rubenzahl",
"given_name": "Ryan A.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-3856-3143"
},
{
"family_name": "Fulton",
"given_name": "Benjamin",
"orcid": "0000-0003-3504-5316",
"clpid": "Fulton-Benjamin"
},
{
"family_name": "Householder",
"given_name": "Aaron",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5812-3236"
},
{
"family_name": "Lubin",
"given_name": "Jack",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8342-7736"
},
{
"family_name": "Giacalone",
"given_name": "Steven",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8965-3969",
"clpid": "Giacalone-Steven"
},
{
"family_name": "Handley",
"given_name": "Luke",
"orcid": "0000-0002-9305-5101",
"clpid": "Handley-Luke"
},
{
"family_name": "Van Zandt",
"given_name": "Judah",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4290-6826"
},
{
"family_name": "Petigura",
"given_name": "Erik A.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0967-2893"
},
{
"family_name": "Ong \u738b",
"given_name": "J. M. Joel \u52a0\u5195",
"orcid": "0000-0001-7664-648X"
},
{
"family_name": "Premnath",
"given_name": "Pranav",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5728-4735"
},
{
"family_name": "Yu \u4e8e",
"given_name": "Haochuan \u7693\u5ddd",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0971-6078"
},
{
"family_name": "Gibson",
"given_name": "Steven R.",
"orcid": "0009-0004-4454-6053",
"clpid": "Gibson-Steven-R"
},
{
"family_name": "Rider",
"given_name": "Kodi"
},
{
"family_name": "Roy",
"given_name": "Arpita",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8127-5775"
},
{
"family_name": "Baker",
"given_name": "Ashley",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6525-7013",
"clpid": "Baker-Ashley"
},
{
"family_name": "Edelstein",
"given_name": "Jerry"
},
{
"family_name": "Smith",
"given_name": "Chris"
},
{
"family_name": "Walawender",
"given_name": "Josh",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6092-8295"
},
{
"family_name": "Lee",
"given_name": "Byeong-Cheol",
"orcid": "0000-0002-2783-0755"
},
{
"family_name": "Liu \u5218",
"given_name": "Yu-Juan \u7389\u5a1f",
"orcid": "0009-0008-3430-1027"
},
{
"family_name": "Winn",
"given_name": "Joshua N.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4265-047X"
}
],
"abstract": "We report an observation of the Rossiter–McLaughlin (RM) effect of the transiting planet HD 93963 Ac, a mini-Neptune planet orbiting a G0-type star with an orbital period of Pc = 3.65 days, accompanied by an inner super-Earth planet with Pb = 1.04 days. We observed a full transit of planet c on 2024 May 3 UT with the Keck/Keck Planet Finder. The observed RM effect has an amplitude of ∼1 m s−1 and implies a sky-projected obliquity of λ = 14\u207a¹\u2077\u208b\u2081\u2089 degrees for HD 93963 Ac. Our dynamical analysis suggests that the two inner planets are likely well aligned with the stellar spin, to within a few degrees, thus allowing both to transit. Along with WASP-47, 55 Cnc, and HD 3167, HD 93963 is the fourth planetary system with an ultrashort-period planet and obliquity measurement(s) of any planet(s) in the system. HD 93963, WASP-47, and 55 Cnc favor largely coplanar orbital architectures, whereas HD 3167 has been reported to have a large mutual inclination (∼100°) between its transiting planets b and c. In this configuration, the probability that both planets transit is low. Moreover, one planet would quickly evolve to be nontransiting due to nodal precession. Future missions such as ESO/PLATO should detect the resulting transit duration variations. We encourage additional obliquity measurements of the HD 3167 system to better constrain its orbital architecture.
",
"doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/addab9",
"issn": "0004-6256",
"publisher": "American Astronomical Society",
"publication": "Astronomical Journal",
"publication_date": "2025-07",
"series_number": "1",
"volume": "170",
"issue": "1",
"pages": "51"
},
{
"id": "authors:6kg19-b0c71",
"collection": "authors",
"collection_id": "6kg19-b0c71",
"cite_using_url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6kg19-b0c71",
"type": "article",
"title": "Water Dissociation and Rotational Broadening in the Atmosphere of KELT-20 b from High-resolution Spectroscopy",
"author": [
{
"family_name": "Finnerty",
"given_name": "Luke",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1392-0768"
},
{
"family_name": "Xin",
"given_name": "Yinzi",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6171-9081",
"clpid": "Xin-Yinzi"
},
{
"family_name": "Xuan",
"given_name": "Jerry W.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6618-1137",
"clpid": "Xuan-Jerry-W"
},
{
"family_name": "Inglis",
"given_name": "Julie",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9164-7966",
"clpid": "Inglis-Julie"
},
{
"family_name": "Fitzgerald",
"given_name": "Michael P.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0176-8973"
},
{
"family_name": "Agrawal",
"given_name": "Shubh",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2429-5811"
},
{
"family_name": "Baker",
"given_name": "Ashley",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6525-7013",
"clpid": "Baker-Ashley"
},
{
"family_name": "Bartos",
"given_name": "Randall",
"clpid": "Bartos-Randall"
},
{
"family_name": "Blake",
"given_name": "Geoffrey A.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0787-1610",
"clpid": "Blake-G-A"
},
{
"family_name": "Calvin",
"given_name": "Benjamin",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4737-5486",
"clpid": "Calvin-Benjamin"
},
{
"family_name": "Cetre",
"given_name": "Sylvain"
},
{
"family_name": "Delorme",
"given_name": "Jacques-Robert",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8953-1008",
"clpid": "Delorme-Jacques-Robert"
},
{
"family_name": "Doppmann",
"given_name": "Greg"
},
{
"family_name": "Echeverri",
"given_name": "Daniel",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040",
"clpid": "Echeverri-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Horstman",
"given_name": "Katelyn",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9708-8667",
"clpid": "Horstman-Katelyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Hsu",
"given_name": "Chih-Chun",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5370-7494"
},
{
"family_name": "Jovanovic",
"given_name": "Nemanja",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5213-6207",
"clpid": "Jovanovic-N"
},
{
"family_name": "Liberman",
"given_name": "Joshua",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4934-3042",
"clpid": "Liberman-Joshua"
},
{
"family_name": "L\u00f3pez",
"given_name": "Ronald A.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-2019-4995"
},
{
"family_name": "Martin",
"given_name": "Emily C.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0618-5128"
},
{
"family_name": "Mawet",
"given_name": "Dimitri",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735",
"clpid": "Mawet-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Morris",
"given_name": "Evan",
"orcid": "0000-0003-3165-0922"
},
{
"family_name": "Pezzato",
"given_name": "Jacklyn",
"clpid": "Pezzato-Jacklyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Ruffio",
"given_name": "Jean-Baptiste",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2233-4821",
"clpid": "Ruffio-J-B"
},
{
"family_name": "Sappey",
"given_name": "Ben",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1399-3593"
},
{
"family_name": "Schofield",
"given_name": "Tobias",
"clpid": "Schofield-Tobias"
},
{
"family_name": "Skemer",
"given_name": "Andrew",
"orcid": "0000-0001-6098-3924"
},
{
"family_name": "Venenciano",
"given_name": "Taylor",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0122-8915"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallace",
"given_name": "J. Kent",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5299-6899",
"clpid": "Wallace-J-Kent"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallack",
"given_name": "Nicole L.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0354-0187",
"clpid": "Wallack-N-L"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang \u738b",
"given_name": "Jason J. \u52b2\u98de",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0774-6502",
"clpid": "Wang-Jason-J"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang \u738b",
"given_name": "Ji \u5409",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885"
}
],
"abstract": "We present atmospheric retrievals from Keck/KPIC Phase II observations of the ultrahot Jupiter (UHJ) KELT-20/MASCARA-2 b. Previous free retrievals of molecular abundances for UHJs have been impacted by significant model biases due to variations in vertical abundance profiles, which we address by including molecular dissociation into our retrieval framework as an additional free parameter. We measure the abundance of CO (logCOMMR=−2.5−0.5+0.6) and obtain a lower limit on the abundance of H2O (logH\u2082OMMR=−1.5_(−1.0)^(+0.8), >−3.0 at 95% confidence) in the atmosphere of KELT-20 b. These abundances yield an atmospheric C/O=0.1_(−0.1)^(+0.4) (C/O < 0.9 at 95% confidence) and suggest a metallicity approximately solar to 10 × solar. H2O is dissociated at pressures below logPH2O=−1.2_(−0.7)^(+0.5) bar, roughly consistent with predictions from chemical equilibrium models, and suggesting that the retrieved composition is not a result of assumptions about the vertical mixing profiles. We also constrain the rotational velocity of KELT-20 b to vsin\u2061i=7.5±0.7 km s−1, suggesting the presence of a jet comparable to the sound speed in the direction of the planet's rotation, assuming the actual rotation of the planet is tidally locked.
",
"doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/adce02",
"issn": "0004-6256",
"publisher": "American Astronomical Society",
"publication": "Astronomical Journal",
"publication_date": "2025-06",
"series_number": "6",
"volume": "169",
"issue": "6",
"pages": "333"
},
{
"id": "authors:6165k-gtn92",
"collection": "authors",
"collection_id": "6165k-gtn92",
"cite_using_url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6165k-gtn92",
"type": "article",
"title": "HD 206893 B at High Spectral Resolution with the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer",
"author": [
{
"family_name": "Sappey",
"given_name": "Ben",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1399-3593"
},
{
"family_name": "Konopacky",
"given_name": "Quinn",
"orcid": "0000-0002-9936-6285"
},
{
"family_name": "\u00d3",
"given_name": "Clarissa R. Do",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5173-2947"
},
{
"family_name": "Barman",
"given_name": "Travis",
"orcid": "0000-0002-7129-3002"
},
{
"family_name": "Ruffio",
"given_name": "Jean-Baptiste",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2233-4821"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang \u738b",
"given_name": "Jason \u52b2\u98de",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0774-6502"
},
{
"family_name": "Theissen",
"given_name": "Christopher A.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-9807-5435"
},
{
"family_name": "Finnerty",
"given_name": "Luke",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1392-0768"
},
{
"family_name": "Xuan",
"given_name": "Jerry",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6618-1137",
"clpid": "Xuan-Jerry"
},
{
"family_name": "Hortsman",
"given_name": "Katelyn",
"clpid": "Hortsman-Katelyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Mawet",
"given_name": "Dimitri",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735",
"clpid": "Mawet-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Zhang",
"given_name": "Yapeng",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0097-4414",
"clpid": "Zhang-Yapeng"
},
{
"family_name": "Inglis",
"given_name": "Julie",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9164-7966",
"clpid": "Inglis-Julie"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallack",
"given_name": "Nicole L.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0354-0187"
},
{
"family_name": "Sanghi",
"given_name": "Aniket",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1838-4757",
"clpid": "Sanghi-Aniket"
},
{
"family_name": "Baker",
"given_name": "Ashley",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6525-7013",
"clpid": "Baker-Ashley"
},
{
"family_name": "Bartos",
"given_name": "Randall",
"clpid": "Bartos-Randall"
},
{
"family_name": "Blake",
"given_name": "Geoffrey A.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0787-1610",
"clpid": "Blake-G-A"
},
{
"family_name": "Bond",
"given_name": "Charlotte Z."
},
{
"family_name": "Calvin",
"given_name": "Benjamin",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4737-5486",
"clpid": "Calvin-Benjamin"
},
{
"family_name": "Cetre",
"given_name": "Sylvain"
},
{
"family_name": "Delorme",
"given_name": "Jacques-Robert",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8953-1008"
},
{
"family_name": "Doppmann",
"given_name": "Greg"
},
{
"family_name": "Echeverri",
"given_name": "Daniel",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040",
"clpid": "Echeverri-Daniel"
},
{
"family_name": "Fitzgerald",
"given_name": "Michael P.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0176-8973"
},
{
"family_name": "Hsu",
"given_name": "Chih-Chun",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5370-7494"
},
{
"family_name": "Jovanovic",
"given_name": "Nemanja",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5213-6207",
"clpid": "Jovanovic-N"
},
{
"family_name": "Liberman",
"given_name": "Joshua",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4934-3042",
"clpid": "Liberman-Joshua"
},
{
"family_name": "L\u00f3pez",
"given_name": "Ronald A.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-2019-4995"
},
{
"family_name": "Martin",
"given_name": "Emily C.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0618-5128"
},
{
"family_name": "Morris",
"given_name": "Evan"
},
{
"family_name": "Pezzato-Rovner",
"given_name": "Jacklyn",
"clpid": "Pezzato-Rovner-Jacklyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Phillips",
"given_name": "Caprice L.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5610-5328"
},
{
"family_name": "Ruane",
"given_name": "Garreth",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665",
"clpid": "Ruane-Garreth"
},
{
"family_name": "Schofield",
"given_name": "Tobias",
"clpid": "Schofield-Tobias"
},
{
"family_name": "Skemer",
"given_name": "Andrew"
},
{
"family_name": "Venenciano",
"given_name": "Taylor"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallace",
"given_name": "J. Kent",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5299-6899",
"clpid": "Wallace-J-Kent"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang \u738b",
"given_name": "Ji \u5409",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885"
},
{
"family_name": "Wizinowich",
"given_name": "Peter"
},
{
"family_name": "Xin",
"given_name": "Yinzi",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6171-9081",
"clpid": "Xin-Yinzi"
}
],
"abstract": "We present an atmospheric characterization and orbital analysis of HD 206893 B, an exceptionally red, L/T-transition substellar companion in a multiplanetary system, via Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KPIC) high-resolution (R ∼ 35,000) K-band spectroscopy. Using PHOENIX atmospheric models in a forward-model framework that fits the spectrum of the companion and diffracted starlight simultaneously, we detect HD 206893 B at >8σ significance via cross correlation in two epochs. We find an effective temperature for the companion of 1634_(−38)^(+72) K and a logg of 4.55_(−0.22)^(+0.17). Only accounting for statistical uncertainties, we measure the carbon-oxygen ratio (C/O) of this companion to be 0.57 ± 0.02, or near-solar while assuming solar metallicity. The C/O ratio we measure fits the tentative trend of >4 MJup companions having near-solar C/O ratios while less massive companions have greater-than-solar C/O ratios. Using substellar evolution models, we find an age of 112_(−22)^(+36) Myr, a mass of 22.7_(−1.7)^(+2.5) MJup, and a radius of 1.11 ± 0.03 RJup for this companion. We also use KPIC radial velocity data to fit the orbit of HD 206893 B and analyze the orbital stability of this system. We find that the orbital stability is relatively independent of the mass of HD 206893 B, and favors an orbital configuration where B and its interior planetary companion, HD 206893 c, are coplanar. The measured C/O ratio coupled with the current architecture of the system cannot rule out the core accretion scenario, nor the disk fragmentation scenario regarding the formation pathway of HD 206893 B.
",
"doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/adad70",
"issn": "0004-6256",
"publisher": "American Astronomical Society",
"publication": "Astronomical Journal",
"publication_date": "2025-03",
"series_number": "3",
"volume": "169",
"issue": "3",
"pages": "175"
},
{
"id": "authors:yqns3-vm988",
"collection": "authors",
"collection_id": "yqns3-vm988",
"cite_using_url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/yqns3-vm988",
"type": "article",
"title": "PDS 70b Shows Stellar-like Carbon-to-oxygen Ratio",
"author": [
{
"family_name": "Hsu",
"given_name": "Chih-Chun",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5370-7494"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang \u738b",
"given_name": "Jason J. \u52b2\u98de",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0774-6502"
},
{
"family_name": "Blake",
"given_name": "Geoffrey A.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0787-1610",
"clpid": "Blake-G-A"
},
{
"family_name": "Xuan",
"given_name": "Jerry W.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6618-1137",
"clpid": "Xuan-Jerry-W"
},
{
"family_name": "Zhang",
"given_name": "Yapeng",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0097-4414",
"clpid": "Zhang-Yapeng"
},
{
"family_name": "Ruffio",
"given_name": "Jean-Baptiste",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2233-4821"
},
{
"family_name": "Horstman",
"given_name": "Katelyn",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9708-8667",
"clpid": "Horstman-Katelyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Cronin",
"given_name": "Julianne",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1172-5755"
},
{
"family_name": "Sappey",
"given_name": "Ben",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1399-3593"
},
{
"family_name": "Xin",
"given_name": "Yinzi",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6171-9081",
"clpid": "Xin-Yinzi"
},
{
"family_name": "Finnerty",
"given_name": "Luke",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1392-0768"
},
{
"family_name": "Echeverri",
"given_name": "Daniel",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040",
"clpid": "Echeverri-Daniel"
},
{
"family_name": "Mawet",
"given_name": "Dimitri",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735",
"clpid": "Mawet-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Jovanovic",
"given_name": "Nemanja",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5213-6207",
"clpid": "Jovanovic-N"
},
{
"family_name": "Do \u00d3",
"given_name": "Clarissa R.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5173-2947"
},
{
"family_name": "Baker",
"given_name": "Ashley",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6525-7013",
"clpid": "Baker-Ashley"
},
{
"family_name": "Bartos",
"given_name": "Randall",
"clpid": "Bartos-Randall"
},
{
"family_name": "Calvin",
"given_name": "Benjamin",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4737-5486",
"clpid": "Calvin-Benjamin"
},
{
"family_name": "Cetre",
"given_name": "Sylvain"
},
{
"family_name": "Delorme",
"given_name": "Jacques-Robert",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8953-1008"
},
{
"family_name": "Doppmann",
"given_name": "Gregory W."
},
{
"family_name": "Fitzgerald",
"given_name": "Michael P.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0176-8973"
},
{
"family_name": "Liberman",
"given_name": "Joshua",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4934-3042"
},
{
"family_name": "L\u00f3pez",
"given_name": "Ronald A.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-2019-4995"
},
{
"family_name": "Morris",
"given_name": "Evan",
"orcid": "0000-0003-3165-0922"
},
{
"family_name": "Pezzato-Rovner",
"given_name": "Jacklyn",
"clpid": "Pezzato-Rovner-Jacklyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Schofield",
"given_name": "Tobias",
"clpid": "Schofield-Tobias"
},
{
"family_name": "Skemer",
"given_name": "Andrew",
"orcid": "0000-0001-6098-3924"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallace",
"given_name": "J. Kent",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5299-6899",
"clpid": "Wallace-J-Kent"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang \u738b",
"given_name": "Ji \u5409",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885"
}
],
"abstract": "The ~5 Myr PDS 70 is the only known system with protoplanets residing in the cavity of the circumstellar disk from which they formed, ideal for studying exoplanet formation and evolution within its natal environment. Here, we report the first spin constraint and C/O measurement of PDS 70b from Keck/KPIC high-resolution spectroscopy. We detected CO (3.8σ) and H2O (3.5σ) molecules in the PDS 70b atmosphere via cross correlation, with a combined CO and H2O template detection significance of 4.2σ. Our forward-model fits, using BT-Settl model grids, provide an upper limit for the spin rate of PDS 70b (<29 km s−1). The atmospheric retrievals constrain the PDS 70b C/O ratio to 0.28_(−0.12)^(+0.20) (<0.63 under 95% confidence level) and a metallicity [C/H] of −0.2_(−0.5)^(+0.8) dex, consistent with that of its host star. The following scenarios can explain our measured C/O of PDS 70b in contrast with that of the gas-rich outer disk (for which C/O \u2273 1). First, the bulk composition of PDS 70b might be dominated by dust+ice aggregates rather than disk gas. Another possible explanation is that the disk became carbon enriched after PDS 70b was formed, as predicted in models of disk chemical evolution and as observed in both very low-mass stars and older disk systems with JWST/MIRI. Because PDS 70b continues to accrete and its chemical evolution is not yet complete, more sophisticated modeling of the planet and the disk, and higher-quality observations of PDS 70b (and possibly PDS 70c), are necessary to validate these scenarios.
",
"doi": "10.3847/2041-8213/ad95e8",
"issn": "2041-8205",
"publisher": "American Astronomical Society",
"publication": "Astrophysical Journal Letters",
"publication_date": "2024-12-20",
"series_number": "2",
"volume": "977",
"issue": "2",
"pages": "L47"
},
{
"id": "authors:sx5hp-gz768",
"collection": "authors",
"collection_id": "sx5hp-gz768",
"cite_using_url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/sx5hp-gz768",
"type": "article",
"title": "RV Measurements of Directly Imaged Brown Dwarf GQ Lup B to Search for Exosatellites",
"author": [
{
"family_name": "Horstman",
"given_name": "Katelyn",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9708-8667",
"clpid": "Horstman-Katelyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Ruffio",
"given_name": "Jean-Baptiste",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2233-4821",
"clpid": "Ruffio-J-B"
},
{
"family_name": "Batygin",
"given_name": "Konstantin",
"orcid": "0000-0002-7094-7908",
"clpid": "Batygin-K"
},
{
"family_name": "Mawet",
"given_name": "Dimitri",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735",
"clpid": "Mawet-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Baker",
"given_name": "Ashley",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6525-7013",
"clpid": "Baker-Ashley"
},
{
"family_name": "Hsu",
"given_name": "Chih-Chun",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5370-7494"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang \u738b",
"given_name": "Jason J. \u52b2\u98de",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0774-6502",
"clpid": "Wang-Jason-J"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang \u738b",
"given_name": "Ji \u5409",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885"
},
{
"family_name": "Blunt",
"given_name": "Sarah",
"orcid": "0000-0002-3199-2888"
},
{
"family_name": "Xuan",
"given_name": "Jerry W.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6618-1137",
"clpid": "Xuan-Jerry-W"
},
{
"family_name": "Xin",
"given_name": "Yinzi",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6171-9081"
},
{
"family_name": "Liberman",
"given_name": "Joshua",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4934-3042"
},
{
"family_name": "Agrawal",
"given_name": "Shubh",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2429-5811",
"clpid": "Agrawal-Shubh"
},
{
"family_name": "Konopacky",
"given_name": "Quinn M.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-9936-6285"
},
{
"family_name": "Blake",
"given_name": "Geoffrey A.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0787-1610",
"clpid": "Blake-G-A"
},
{
"family_name": "Do \u00d3",
"given_name": "Clarissa R.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5173-2947"
},
{
"family_name": "Bartos",
"given_name": "Randall"
},
{
"family_name": "Bond",
"given_name": "Charlotte Z."
},
{
"family_name": "Calvin",
"given_name": "Benjamin",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4737-5486",
"clpid": "Calvin-Benjamin"
},
{
"family_name": "Cetre",
"given_name": "Sylvain"
},
{
"family_name": "Delorme",
"given_name": "Jacques-Robert",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8953-1008",
"clpid": "Delorme-Jacques-Robert"
},
{
"family_name": "Doppmann",
"given_name": "Greg"
},
{
"family_name": "Echeverri",
"given_name": "Daniel",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040",
"clpid": "Echeverri-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Finnerty",
"given_name": "Luke",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1392-0768"
},
{
"family_name": "Fitzgerald",
"given_name": "Michael P.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0176-8973"
},
{
"family_name": "Jovanovic",
"given_name": "Nemanja",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5213-6207",
"clpid": "Jovanovic-N"
},
{
"family_name": "L\u00f3pez",
"given_name": "Ronald",
"orcid": "0000-0002-2019-4995"
},
{
"family_name": "Martin",
"given_name": "Emily C.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0618-5128"
},
{
"family_name": "Morris",
"given_name": "Evan",
"orcid": "0000-0003-3165-0922"
},
{
"family_name": "Pezzato",
"given_name": "Jacklyn",
"clpid": "Pezzato-Jacklyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Ruane",
"given_name": "Garreth",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665",
"clpid": "Ruane-G-J"
},
{
"family_name": "Sappey",
"given_name": "Ben",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1399-3593"
},
{
"family_name": "Schofield",
"given_name": "Tobias",
"clpid": "Schofield-Tobias"
},
{
"family_name": "Skemer",
"given_name": "Andrew",
"orcid": "0000-0001-6098-3924"
},
{
"family_name": "Venenciano",
"given_name": "Taylor",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0122-8915"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallace",
"given_name": "J. Kent",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5299-6899"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallack",
"given_name": "Nicole L.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0354-0187",
"clpid": "Wallack-N-L"
},
{
"family_name": "Wizinowich",
"given_name": "Peter",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1646-442X"
}
],
"abstract": "GQ Lup B is one of the few substellar companions with a detected cicumplanetary disk (CPD). Observations of the CPD suggest the presence of a cavity, possibly formed by an exosatellite. Using the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KPIC), a high-contrast imaging suite that feeds a high-resolution spectrograph (1.9–2.5 µm, R∼35,000), we present the first dedicated radial velocity (RV) observations around a high-contrast, directly imaged substellar companion, GQ Lup B, to search for exosatellites. Over 11 epochs, we find a best and median RV error of 400–1000 m s\u207b¹, most likely limited by systematic fringing in the spectra due to transmissive optics within KPIC. With this RV precision, KPIC is sensitive to exomoons 0.6%–2.8% the mass of GQ Lup B (∼30 M_(Jup)) at separations between the Roche limit and 65 R_(Jup), or the extent of the cavity inferred within the CPD detected around GQ Lup B. Using simulations of HISPEC, a high resolution infrared spectrograph planned to debut at W.M. Keck Observatory in 2026, we estimate future exomoon sensitivity to increase by over an order of magnitude, providing sensitivity to less massive satellites potentially formed within the CPD itself. Additionally, we run simulations to estimate the amount of material that different masses of satellites could clear in a CPD to create the observed cavity. We find satellite-to-planet mass ratios of q > 2 × 10\u207b\u2074 can create observable cavities and report a maximum cavity size of ∼51 R_(Jup) carved from a satellite.
",
"doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/ad73d8",
"issn": "0004-6256",
"publisher": "American Astronomical Society",
"publication": "Astronomical Journal",
"publication_date": "2024-09-25",
"series_number": "4",
"volume": "168",
"issue": "4",
"pages": "175"
},
{
"id": "authors:cpjfm-4nn96",
"collection": "authors",
"collection_id": "cpjfm-4nn96",
"cite_using_url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/cpjfm-4nn96",
"type": "article",
"title": "An Earth-sized Planet on the Verge of Tidal Disruption",
"author": [
{
"family_name": "Dai",
"given_name": "Fei",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8958-0683",
"clpid": "Dai-Fei"
},
{
"family_name": "Howard",
"given_name": "Andrew W.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8638-0320",
"clpid": "Howard-A-W"
},
{
"family_name": "Halverson",
"given_name": "Samuel",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1312-9391",
"clpid": "Halverson-Samuel"
},
{
"family_name": "Orell-Miquel",
"given_name": "Jaume",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2066-8959"
},
{
"family_name": "Pall\u00e9",
"given_name": "Enric",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0987-1593"
},
{
"family_name": "Isaacson",
"given_name": "Howard",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0531-1073"
},
{
"family_name": "Fulton",
"given_name": "Benjamin",
"orcid": "0000-0003-3504-5316",
"clpid": "Fulton-Benjamin"
},
{
"family_name": "Price",
"given_name": "Ellen M.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-3286-3543"
},
{
"family_name": "Plotnykov",
"given_name": "Mykhaylo",
"orcid": "0000-0002-9479-2744"
},
{
"family_name": "Rogers",
"given_name": "Leslie A.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0638-3455"
},
{
"family_name": "Valencia",
"given_name": "Diana",
"orcid": "0000-0003-3993-4030"
},
{
"family_name": "Paragas",
"given_name": "Kimberly",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0062-1168",
"clpid": "Paragas-Kimberly"
},
{
"family_name": "Greklek-McKeon",
"given_name": "Michael",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0371-1647",
"clpid": "Greklek-McKeon-Michael"
},
{
"family_name": "Gomez Barrientos",
"given_name": "Jonathan",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0672-9658",
"clpid": "Gomez-Barrientos-Jonathan"
},
{
"family_name": "Knutson",
"given_name": "Heather A.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5375-4725",
"clpid": "Knutson-H-A"
},
{
"family_name": "Petigura",
"given_name": "Erik A.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0967-2893"
},
{
"family_name": "Weiss",
"given_name": "Lauren M.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-3725-3058"
},
{
"family_name": "Lee",
"given_name": "Rena",
"orcid": "0000-0001-7058-4134"
},
{
"family_name": "Brinkman",
"given_name": "Casey L.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4480-310X"
},
{
"family_name": "Huber",
"given_name": "Daniel",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8832-4488"
},
{
"family_name": "Stef\u00e1nsson",
"given_name": "Gumundur",
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{
"family_name": "Masuda",
"given_name": "Kento",
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{
"family_name": "Giacalone",
"given_name": "Steven",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8965-3969",
"clpid": "Giacalone-Steven"
},
{
"family_name": "Lu",
"given_name": "Cicero X.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9352-0248"
},
{
"family_name": "Kite",
"given_name": "Edwin S.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1426-1186"
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{
"family_name": "Hu",
"given_name": "Renyu",
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{
"family_name": "Gaidos",
"given_name": "Eric",
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{
"family_name": "Zhang",
"given_name": "Michael",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0659-1783"
},
{
"family_name": "Rubenzahl",
"given_name": "Ryan A.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-3856-3143",
"clpid": "Rubenzahl-Ryan-A"
},
{
"family_name": "Winn",
"given_name": "Joshua N.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4265-047X"
},
{
"family_name": "Han",
"given_name": "Te",
"orcid": "0000-0002-7127-7643"
},
{
"family_name": "Beard",
"given_name": "Corey",
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},
{
"family_name": "Holcomb",
"given_name": "Rae",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5034-9476"
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{
"family_name": "Householder",
"given_name": "Aaron",
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},
{
"family_name": "Gilbert",
"given_name": "Gregory J.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0742-1660"
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{
"family_name": "Lubin",
"given_name": "Jack",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8342-7736"
},
{
"family_name": "Ong",
"given_name": "J. M. Joel",
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{
"family_name": "Polanski",
"given_name": "Alex S.",
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{
"family_name": "Saunders",
"given_name": "Nicholas",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2657-3889"
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{
"family_name": "Van Zandt",
"given_name": "Judah",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4290-6826"
},
{
"family_name": "Yee",
"given_name": "Samuel W.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-7961-3907"
},
{
"family_name": "Zhang",
"given_name": "Jingwen",
"orcid": "0000-0002-2696-2406"
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{
"family_name": "Zink",
"given_name": "Jon",
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{
"family_name": "Holden",
"given_name": "Bradford",
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{
"family_name": "Baker",
"given_name": "Ashley",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6525-7013",
"clpid": "Baker-Ashley"
},
{
"family_name": "Brodheim",
"given_name": "Max",
"orcid": "0009-0008-9808-0411"
},
{
"family_name": "Crossfield",
"given_name": "Ian J. M.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1835-1891"
},
{
"family_name": "Deich",
"given_name": "William",
"orcid": "0009-0000-3624-1330"
},
{
"family_name": "Edelstein",
"given_name": "Jerry"
},
{
"family_name": "Gibson",
"given_name": "Steven R.",
"orcid": "0009-0004-4454-6053",
"clpid": "Gibson-Steven-R"
},
{
"family_name": "Hill",
"given_name": "Grant M.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-7648-9119"
},
{
"family_name": "Jelinsky",
"given_name": "Sharon R",
"orcid": "0009-0006-2900-0401"
},
{
"family_name": "Kassis",
"given_name": "Marc",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8414-8771"
},
{
"family_name": "Laher",
"given_name": "Russ R.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2451-5482",
"clpid": "Laher-Russ-R"
},
{
"family_name": "Lanclos",
"given_name": "Kyle",
"orcid": "0009-0004-0592-1850"
},
{
"family_name": "Lilley",
"given_name": "Scott",
"orcid": "0000-0001-7323-7277"
},
{
"family_name": "Payne",
"given_name": "Joel N.",
"orcid": "0009-0008-4293-0341"
},
{
"family_name": "Rider",
"given_name": "Kodi"
},
{
"family_name": "Robertson",
"given_name": "Paul",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0149-9678"
},
{
"family_name": "Roy",
"given_name": "Arpita",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8127-5775"
},
{
"family_name": "Schwab",
"given_name": "Christian",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4046-987X"
},
{
"family_name": "Shaum",
"given_name": "Abby P.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-3133-6837",
"clpid": "Shaum-Abby-P"
},
{
"family_name": "Sirk",
"given_name": "Martin M.",
"orcid": "0009-0007-8555-8060"
},
{
"family_name": "Smith",
"given_name": "Chris"
},
{
"family_name": "Vandenberg",
"given_name": "Adam",
"orcid": "0009-0003-6534-0428"
},
{
"family_name": "Walawender",
"given_name": "Josh",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6092-8295"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "Sharon X.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6937-9034"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "Shin-Ywan (Cindy)",
"orcid": "0009-0002-4850-5377",
"clpid": "Wang-Shin-Ywan"
},
{
"family_name": "Wishnow",
"given_name": "Edward"
},
{
"family_name": "Wright",
"given_name": "Jason T.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-6160-5888"
},
{
"family_name": "Yeh",
"given_name": "Sherry",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4037-3114"
},
{
"family_name": "Caballero",
"given_name": "Jos\u00e9 A.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-7349-1387"
},
{
"family_name": "Morales",
"given_name": "Juan C.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0061-518X"
},
{
"family_name": "Murgas",
"given_name": "Felipe",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9087-1245"
},
{
"family_name": "Nagel",
"given_name": "Evangelos",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4019-3631"
},
{
"family_name": "Reiners",
"given_name": "Ansgar",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1242-5922"
},
{
"family_name": "Schweitzer",
"given_name": "Andreas",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1624-0389"
},
{
"family_name": "Tabernero",
"given_name": "Hugo M.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8087-4298"
},
{
"family_name": "Zechmeister",
"given_name": "Mathias",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6532-4378"
},
{
"family_name": "Spencer",
"given_name": "Alton",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9263-6775"
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{
"family_name": "Ciardi",
"given_name": "David R.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5741-3047",
"clpid": "Ciardi-David-R"
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{
"family_name": "Clark",
"given_name": "Catherine A.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-2361-5812",
"clpid": "Clark-Catherine-A"
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{
"family_name": "Lund",
"given_name": "Michael B.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2527-1598",
"clpid": "Lund-Michael-B"
},
{
"family_name": "Caldwell",
"given_name": "Douglas A.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1963-9616"
},
{
"family_name": "Collins",
"given_name": "Karen A.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-6588-9574"
},
{
"family_name": "Schwarz",
"given_name": "Richard P.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8227-1020"
},
{
"family_name": "Barkaoui",
"given_name": "Khalid",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1464-9276"
},
{
"family_name": "Watkins",
"given_name": "Cristilyn",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8621-6731"
},
{
"family_name": "Shporer",
"given_name": "Avi",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1836-3120"
},
{
"family_name": "Narita",
"given_name": "Norio",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8511-2981"
},
{
"family_name": "Fukui",
"given_name": "Akihiko",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4909-5763"
},
{
"family_name": "Srdoc",
"given_name": "Gregor"
},
{
"family_name": "Latham",
"given_name": "David W.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9911-7388"
},
{
"family_name": "Jenkins",
"given_name": "Jon M.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4715-9460"
},
{
"family_name": "Ricker",
"given_name": "George R.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2058-6662"
},
{
"family_name": "Seager",
"given_name": "Sara",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6892-6948"
},
{
"family_name": "Vanderspek",
"given_name": "Roland",
"orcid": "0000-0001-6763-6562"
}
],
"abstract": "TOI-6255 b (GJ 4256) is an Earth-sized planet (1.079 ± 0.065 R⊕) with an orbital period of only 5.7 hr. With the newly commissioned Keck Planet Finder and CARMENES spectrographs, we determine the planet's mass to be 1.44 ± 0.14 M⊕. The planet is just outside the Roche limit, with Porb/PRoche = 1.13 ± 0.10. The strong tidal force likely deforms the planet into a triaxial ellipsoid with a long axis that is ∼10% longer than the short axis. Assuming a reduced stellar tidal quality factor Q\u22c6′≈10\u2077, we predict that tidal orbital decay will cause TOI-6255 to reach the Roche limit in roughly 400 Myr. Such tidal disruptions may produce the possible signatures of planet engulfment that have been seen on stars with anomalously high refractory elemental abundances compared to their conatal binary companions. TOI-6255 b is also a favorable target for searching for star–planet magnetic interactions, which might cause interior melting and hasten orbital decay. TOI-6255 b is a top target (with an Emission Spectroscopy Metric of about 24) for phase-curve observations with the James Webb Space Telescope.
",
"doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/ad5a7d",
"issn": "0004-6256",
"publisher": "American Astronomical Society",
"publication": "Astronomical Journal",
"publication_date": "2024-09",
"series_number": "3",
"volume": "168",
"issue": "3",
"pages": "101"
},
{
"id": "authors:cwq75-y7n72",
"collection": "authors",
"collection_id": "cwq75-y7n72",
"cite_using_url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/cwq75-y7n72",
"type": "article",
"title": "Atmospheric Characterization of the Super-Jupiter HIP 99770 b with KPIC",
"author": [
{
"family_name": "Zhang",
"given_name": "Yapeng",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0097-4414",
"clpid": "Zhang-Yapeng"
},
{
"family_name": "Xuan",
"given_name": "Jerry W.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6618-1137",
"clpid": "Xuan-Jerry-W"
},
{
"family_name": "Mawet",
"given_name": "Dimitri",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735",
"clpid": "Mawet-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "Jason J.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0774-6502",
"clpid": "Wang-Jason-J"
},
{
"family_name": "Hsu",
"given_name": "Chih-Chun",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5370-7494"
},
{
"family_name": "Ruffio",
"given_name": "Jean-Bapiste",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2233-4821",
"clpid": "Ruffio-J-B"
},
{
"family_name": "Knutson",
"given_name": "Heather A.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5375-4725",
"clpid": "Knutson-H-A"
},
{
"family_name": "Inglis",
"given_name": "Julie",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9164-7966",
"clpid": "Inglis-Julie"
},
{
"family_name": "Blake",
"given_name": "Geoffrey A.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0787-1610",
"clpid": "Blake-G-A"
},
{
"family_name": "Chachan",
"given_name": "Yayaati",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1728-8269"
},
{
"family_name": "Horstman",
"given_name": "Katelyn",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9708-8667",
"clpid": "Horstman-Katelyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Baker",
"given_name": "Ashley",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6525-7013",
"clpid": "Baker-Ashley"
},
{
"family_name": "Bartos",
"given_name": "Randall",
"clpid": "Bartos-Randall"
},
{
"family_name": "Calvin",
"given_name": "Benjamin",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4737-5486"
},
{
"family_name": "Cetre",
"given_name": "Sylvain"
},
{
"family_name": "Delorme",
"given_name": "Jacques-Robert",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8953-1008"
},
{
"family_name": "Doppmann",
"given_name": "Greg"
},
{
"family_name": "Echeverri",
"given_name": "Daniel",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040",
"clpid": "Echeverri-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Finnerty",
"given_name": "Luke",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1392-0768"
},
{
"family_name": "Fitzgerald",
"given_name": "Michael P.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0176-8973"
},
{
"family_name": "Jovanovic",
"given_name": "Nemanja",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5213-6207",
"clpid": "Jovanovic-N"
},
{
"family_name": "Liberman",
"given_name": "Joshua",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4934-3042",
"clpid": "Liberman-Joshua"
},
{
"family_name": "L\u00f3pez",
"given_name": "Ronald A.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-2019-4995"
},
{
"family_name": "Morris",
"given_name": "Evan",
"orcid": "0000-0003-3165-0922"
},
{
"family_name": "Pezzato",
"given_name": "Jacklyn",
"clpid": "Pezzato-Jacklyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Sappey",
"given_name": "Ben",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1399-3593"
},
{
"family_name": "Schofield",
"given_name": "Tobias",
"clpid": "Schofield-Tobias"
},
{
"family_name": "Skemer",
"given_name": "Andrew",
"orcid": "0000-0001-6098-3924"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallace",
"given_name": "J. Kent",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5299-6899",
"clpid": "Wallace-J-Kent"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "Ji",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885"
},
{
"family_name": "Do \u00d3",
"given_name": "Clarissa R.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5173-2947"
}
],
"abstract": "Young, self-luminous super-Jovian companions discovered by direct imaging provide a challenging test for planet formation and evolution theories. By spectroscopically characterizing the atmospheric compositions of these super-Jupiters, we can constrain their formation histories. Here we present studies of the recently discovered HIP 99770 b, a 16 M Jup high-contrast companion on a 17 au orbit, using the fiber-fed high-resolution spectrograph KPIC ( R ∼ 35,000) on the Keck II telescope. Our K-band observations led to detections of H2O and CO in the atmosphere of HIP 99770 b. We carried out free retrieval analyses using petitRADTRANS to measure its chemical abundances, including the metallicity and C/O ratio, projected rotation velocity ( v sin i ), and radial velocity (RV). We found that the companion's atmosphere has C/O = 0.55 − 0.04 + 0.06 and [M/H] = 0.26 − 0.23 + 0.24 (1σ confidence intervals), values consistent with those of the Sun and with a companion formation via gravitational instability or core accretion. The projected rotation velocity v sin ( i ) < 7.8 km s\u207b¹ is small relative to other directly imaged companions with similar masses and ages. This may imply a nearly pole-on orientation or effective magnetic braking by a circumplanetary disk. In addition, we added the companion-to-primary relative RV measurement to the orbital fitting and obtained updated constraints on orbital parameters. Detailed characterization of super-Jovian companions within 20 au like HIP 99770 b is critical for understanding the formation histories of this population.
",
"doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/ad6609",
"issn": "0004-6256",
"publisher": "American Astronomical Society",
"publication": "Astronomical Journal",
"publication_date": "2024-09",
"series_number": "3",
"volume": "168",
"issue": "3",
"pages": "131"
},
{
"id": "authors:h5z2c-86g12",
"collection": "authors",
"collection_id": "h5z2c-86g12",
"cite_using_url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/h5z2c-86g12",
"type": "article",
"title": "Are These Planets or Brown Dwarfs? Broadly Solar Compositions from High-resolution Atmospheric Retrievals of \u223c10\u201330 M_(Jup) Companions",
"author": [
{
"family_name": "Xuan",
"given_name": "Jerry W.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6618-1137",
"clpid": "Xuan-Jerry-W"
},
{
"family_name": "Hsu",
"given_name": "Chih-Chun",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5370-7494"
},
{
"family_name": "Finnerty",
"given_name": "Luke",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1392-0768"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "Jason",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0774-6502",
"clpid": "Wang-Jason-J"
},
{
"family_name": "Ruffio",
"given_name": "Jean-Baptiste",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2233-4821",
"clpid": "Ruffio-J-B"
},
{
"family_name": "Zhang",
"given_name": "Yapeng",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0097-4414",
"clpid": "Zhang-Yapeng"
},
{
"family_name": "Knutson",
"given_name": "Heather",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5375-4725",
"clpid": "Knutson-H-A"
},
{
"family_name": "Mawet",
"given_name": "Dimitri",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735",
"clpid": "Mawet-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Mamajek",
"given_name": "Eric E.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2008-1488",
"clpid": "Mamajek-Eric-E"
},
{
"family_name": "Inglis",
"given_name": "Julie",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9164-7966",
"clpid": "Inglis-Julie"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallack",
"given_name": "Nicole L.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0354-0187",
"clpid": "Wallack-N-L"
},
{
"family_name": "Bryan",
"given_name": "Marta L.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6076-5967"
},
{
"family_name": "Blake",
"given_name": "Geoffrey A.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0787-1610",
"clpid": "Blake-G-A"
},
{
"family_name": "Molli\u00e8re",
"given_name": "Paul",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4096-7067"
},
{
"family_name": "Hejazi",
"given_name": "Neda",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5541-6087"
},
{
"family_name": "Baker",
"given_name": "Ashley",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6525-7013",
"clpid": "Baker-Ashley"
},
{
"family_name": "Bartos",
"given_name": "Randall",
"clpid": "Bartos-Randall"
},
{
"family_name": "Calvin",
"given_name": "Benjamin",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4737-5486"
},
{
"family_name": "Cetre",
"given_name": "Sylvain"
},
{
"family_name": "Delorme",
"given_name": "Jacques-Robert",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8953-1008"
},
{
"family_name": "Doppmann",
"given_name": "Greg"
},
{
"family_name": "Echeverri",
"given_name": "Daniel",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040",
"clpid": "Echeverri-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Fitzgerald",
"given_name": "Michael P.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0176-8973"
},
{
"family_name": "Jovanovic",
"given_name": "Nemanja",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5213-6207",
"clpid": "Jovanovic-N"
},
{
"family_name": "Liberman",
"given_name": "Joshua",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4934-3042",
"clpid": "Liberman-Joshua"
},
{
"family_name": "L\u00f3pez",
"given_name": "Ronald A.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-2019-4995"
},
{
"family_name": "Morris",
"given_name": "Evan",
"orcid": "0000-0003-3165-0922"
},
{
"family_name": "Pezzato",
"given_name": "Jacklyn",
"clpid": "Pezzato-Jacklyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Sappey",
"given_name": "Ben",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1399-3593"
},
{
"family_name": "Schofield",
"given_name": "Tobias",
"clpid": "Schofield-Tobias"
},
{
"family_name": "Skemer",
"given_name": "Andrew",
"orcid": "0000-0001-6098-3924"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallace",
"given_name": "J. Kent",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5299-6899",
"clpid": "Wallace-J-Kent"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "Ji",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885"
},
{
"family_name": "Agrawal",
"given_name": "Shubh",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2429-5811"
},
{
"family_name": "Horstman",
"given_name": "Katelyn",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9708-8667",
"clpid": "Horstman-Katelyn"
}
],
"abstract": "Using Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer high-resolution (R ∼ 35,000) spectroscopy from 2.29 to 2.49 μm, we present uniform atmospheric retrievals for eight young substellar companions with masses of ∼10–30 MJup, orbital separations spanning ∼50–360 au, and Teff between ∼1500 and 2600 K. We find that all companions have solar C/O ratios and metallicities to within the 1σ–2σ level, with the measurements clustered around solar composition. Stars in the same stellar associations as our systems have near-solar abundances, so these results indicate that this population of companions is consistent with formation via direct gravitational collapse. Alternatively, core accretion outside the CO snowline would be compatible with our measurements, though the high mass ratios of most systems would require rapid core assembly and gas accretion in massive disks. On a population level, our findings can be contrasted with abundance measurements for directly imaged planets with m < 10 MJup, which show tentative atmospheric metal enrichment compared to their host stars. In addition, the atmospheric compositions of our sample of companions are distinct from those of hot Jupiters, which most likely form via core accretion. For two companions with Teff ∼ 1700–2000 K (κ And b and GSC 6214–210 b), our best-fit models prefer a nongray cloud model with >3σ significance. The cloudy models yield 2σ−3σ lower Teff for these companions, though the C/O and [C/H] still agree between cloudy and clear models at the 1σ level. Finally, we constrain 12CO/13CO for three companions with the highest signal-to-noise ratio data (GQ Lup b, HIP 79098b, and DH Tau b) and report
",
"doi": "10.3847/1538-4357/ad4796",
"issn": "0004-637X",
"publisher": "American Astronomical Society",
"publication": "Astrophysical Journal",
"publication_date": "2024-07-20",
"series_number": "1",
"volume": "970",
"issue": "1",
"pages": "71"
},
{
"id": "authors:vmnbn-frd51",
"collection": "authors",
"collection_id": "vmnbn-frd51",
"cite_using_url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/vmnbn-frd51",
"type": "article",
"title": "Fresh view of the hot brown dwarf HD 984 B through high-resolution spectroscopy",
"author": [
{
"family_name": "Costes",
"given_name": "J. C."
},
{
"family_name": "Xuan",
"given_name": "J. W.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6618-1137",
"clpid": "Xuan-Jerry-W"
},
{
"family_name": "Vigan",
"given_name": "A.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5902-7828"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "J.",
"clpid": "Wang-J"
},
{
"family_name": "D'Orazi",
"given_name": "V.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-2662-3762"
},
{
"family_name": "Molli\u00e8re",
"given_name": "P.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4096-7067"
},
{
"family_name": "Baker",
"given_name": "A.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6525-7013",
"clpid": "Baker-Ashley"
},
{
"family_name": "Bartos",
"given_name": "R.",
"clpid": "Bartos-R"
},
{
"family_name": "Blake",
"given_name": "G. A.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0787-1610",
"clpid": "Blake-G-A"
},
{
"family_name": "Calvin",
"given_name": "B.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4737-5486",
"clpid": "Calvin-Benjamin"
},
{
"family_name": "Cetre",
"given_name": "S."
},
{
"family_name": "Delorme",
"given_name": "J.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8953-1008"
},
{
"family_name": "Doppmann",
"given_name": "G."
},
{
"family_name": "Echeveri",
"given_name": "D.",
"clpid": "Echeveri-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Finnerty",
"given_name": "L.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1392-0768"
},
{
"family_name": "Fitzgerald",
"given_name": "M. P.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0176-8973"
},
{
"family_name": "Hsu",
"given_name": "C.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5370-7494"
},
{
"family_name": "Jovanovic",
"given_name": "N.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5213-6207",
"clpid": "Jovanovic-N"
},
{
"family_name": "Lopez",
"given_name": "R.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-2019-4995"
},
{
"family_name": "Mawet",
"given_name": "D.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735",
"clpid": "Mawet-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Morris",
"given_name": "E."
},
{
"family_name": "Pezzato",
"given_name": "J.",
"clpid": "Pezzato-J"
},
{
"family_name": "Phillips",
"given_name": "C. L."
},
{
"family_name": "Ruffio",
"given_name": "J."
},
{
"family_name": "Sappey",
"given_name": "B."
},
{
"family_name": "Schneeberger",
"given_name": "A."
},
{
"family_name": "Schofield",
"given_name": "T.",
"clpid": "Schofield-T"
},
{
"family_name": "Skemer",
"given_name": "A. J."
},
{
"family_name": "Wallace",
"given_name": "J. K.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5299-6899"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "J."
}
],
"abstract": "Context. High-resolution spectroscopy has the potential to drive a better understanding of the atmospheric composition, physics, and dynamics of young exoplanets and brown dwarfs, bringing clear insights into the formation channel of individual objects.
\nAims. Using the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KPIC; R « 35 000), we aim to characterize a young brown dwarf HD 984 B. By measuring its C/O and 12CO/13CO ratios, we expect to gain new knowledge about its origin by confirming the difference in the formation pathways between brown dwarfs and super-Jupiters.
\nMethods. We analysed the KPIC high-resolution spectrum (2.29–2.49 μm) of HD 984 B using an atmospheric retrieval framework based on nested sampling and petitRADTRANS, using both clear and cloudy models.
\nResults. Using our best-fit model, we find C/O = 0.50 ± 0.01 (0.01 is the statistical error) for HD 984 B which agrees with that of its host star within 1σ (0.40 ± 0.20). We also retrieve an isotopolog 12CO/13CO ratio of 98-25+20 in its atmosphere, which is similar to that of the Sun. In addition, HD 984 B has a substellar metallicity with [Fe/H] =-0.62-0.02+0.02. Finally, we find that most of the retrieved parameters are independent of our choice of retrieval model.
\nConclusions. From our measured C/O and 12CO/13CO, the favored formation mechanism of HD 984 B seems to be via gravitational collapse or disk instability and not core accretion, which is a favored formation mechanism for giant exoplanets with m < 13 MJup and semimajor axis between 10 and 100 au. However, with only a few brown dwarfs with a measured 12CO/13CO ratio, similar analyses using high-resolution spectroscopy will become essential in order to determine planet formation processes more precisely.
",
"doi": "10.1051/0004-6361/202348370",
"issn": "0004-6361",
"publisher": "EDP Sciences",
"publication": "Astronomy & Astrophysics",
"publication_date": "2024-06",
"volume": "686",
"pages": "A294"
},
{
"id": "authors:9en15-hz350",
"collection": "authors",
"collection_id": "9en15-hz350",
"cite_using_url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/9en15-hz350",
"type": "article",
"title": "Orbital and Atmospheric Characterization of the 1RXS J034231.8+121622 System using High-resolution Spectroscopy Confirms that the Companion is a Low-mass Star",
"author": [
{
"family_name": "Do \u00d3",
"given_name": "Clarissa R.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5173-2947",
"clpid": "Do-\u00d3-Clarissa-R"
},
{
"family_name": "Sappey",
"given_name": "Ben",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1399-3593"
},
{
"family_name": "Konopacky",
"given_name": "Quinn M.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-9936-6285"
},
{
"family_name": "Ruffio",
"given_name": "Jean-Baptiste",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2233-4821"
},
{
"family_name": "O'Neil",
"given_name": "Kelly K.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2400-7322"
},
{
"family_name": "Do",
"given_name": "Tuan",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9554-6062"
},
{
"family_name": "Martinez",
"given_name": "Gregory",
"orcid": "0000-0002-7476-2521"
},
{
"family_name": "Barman",
"given_name": "Travis S.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-7129-3002"
},
{
"family_name": "Nguyen",
"given_name": "Jayke S.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-9242-9052"
},
{
"family_name": "Xuan",
"given_name": "Jerry W.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6618-1137",
"clpid": "Xuan-Jerry-W"
},
{
"family_name": "Theissen",
"given_name": "Christopher A.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-9807-5435"
},
{
"family_name": "Blunt",
"given_name": "Sarah",
"orcid": "0000-0002-3199-2888"
},
{
"family_name": "Thompson",
"given_name": "William",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5684-4593"
},
{
"family_name": "Hsu",
"given_name": "Chih-Chun",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5370-7494"
},
{
"family_name": "Baker",
"given_name": "Ashley",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6525-7013",
"clpid": "Baker-Ashley"
},
{
"family_name": "Bartos",
"given_name": "Randall",
"clpid": "Bartos-Randall"
},
{
"family_name": "Blake",
"given_name": "Geoffrey A.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0787-1610",
"clpid": "Blake-G-A"
},
{
"family_name": "Calvin",
"given_name": "Benjamin",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4737-5486",
"clpid": "Calvin-Benjamin"
},
{
"family_name": "Cetre",
"given_name": "Sylvain"
},
{
"family_name": "Delorme",
"given_name": "Jacques-Robert",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8953-1008"
},
{
"family_name": "Doppmann",
"given_name": "Greg"
},
{
"family_name": "Echeverri",
"given_name": "Daniel",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040",
"clpid": "Echeverri-Daniel"
},
{
"family_name": "Finnerty",
"given_name": "Luke",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1392-0768"
},
{
"family_name": "Fitzgerald",
"given_name": "Michael P.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0176-8973"
},
{
"family_name": "Inglis",
"given_name": "Julie",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9164-7966",
"clpid": "Inglis-Julie"
},
{
"family_name": "Jovanovic",
"given_name": "Nemanja",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5213-6207",
"clpid": "Jovanovic-Jovanovic"
},
{
"family_name": "L\u00f3pez",
"given_name": "Ronald A.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-2019-4995"
},
{
"family_name": "Mawet",
"given_name": "Dimitri",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735",
"clpid": "Mawet-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Morris",
"given_name": "Evan",
"orcid": "0000-0003-3165-0922"
},
{
"family_name": "Pezzato",
"given_name": "Jacklyn",
"clpid": "Pezzato-Jacklyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Schofield",
"given_name": "Tobias",
"clpid": "Schofield-Tobias"
},
{
"family_name": "Skemer",
"given_name": "Andrew",
"orcid": "0000-0001-6098-3924"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallace",
"given_name": "J. Kent",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5299-6899",
"clpid": "Wallace-J-Kent"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "Jason J.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0774-6502",
"clpid": "Wang-Jason-J"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "Ji",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885"
},
{
"family_name": "Liberman",
"given_name": "Joshua",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4934-3042"
}
],
"abstract": "The 1RXS J034231.8+121622 system consists of an M dwarf primary and a directly imaged low-mass stellar companion. We use high-resolution spectroscopic data from Keck/KPIC to estimate the objects' atmospheric parameters and radial velocities (RVs). Using PHOENIX stellar models, we find that the primary has a temperature of 3460 ± 50 K and a metallicity of 0.16 ± 0.04, while the secondary has a temperature of 2510 ± 50 K and a metallicity of 0.13_(−0.11)^(+0.12). Recent work suggests this system is associated with the Hyades, giving it an older age than previous estimates. Both metallicities agree with current Hyades [Fe/H] measurements (0.11–0.21). Using stellar evolutionary models, we obtain significantly higher masses for the objects, 0.30 ± 0.15 M\u2299 and 0.08 ± 0.01 M\u2299 (84 ± 11 MJup), respectively. Using the RVs and a new astrometry point from Keck/NIRC2, we find that the system is likely an edge-on, moderately eccentric (0.41_(−0.08)^(+0.27)) configuration. We also estimate the C/O ratio of both objects using custom grid models, obtaining 0.42 ± 0.10 (primary) and 0.55 ± 0.10 (companion). From these results, we confirm that this system most likely went through a binary star formation process in the Hyades. The significant changes in this system's parameters since its discovery highlight the importance of high-resolution spectroscopy for both orbital and atmospheric characterization of directly imaged companions.
",
"doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/ad3df3",
"issn": "0004-6256",
"publisher": "American Astronomical Society",
"publication": "Astronomical Journal",
"publication_date": "2024-06",
"series_number": "6",
"volume": "167",
"issue": "6",
"pages": "278"
},
{
"id": "authors:sphxv-2j544",
"collection": "authors",
"collection_id": "sphxv-2j544",
"cite_using_url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/sphxv-2j544",
"type": "article",
"title": "Vortex Fiber Nulling for Exoplanet Observations: First Direct Detection of M Dwarf Companions around HIP 21543, HIP 94666, and HIP 50319",
"author": [
{
"family_name": "Echeverri",
"given_name": "Daniel",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040",
"clpid": "Echeverri-Daniel"
},
{
"family_name": "Xuan",
"given_name": "Jerry W.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6618-1137",
"clpid": "Xuan-Jerry-W"
},
{
"family_name": "Monnier",
"given_name": "John D.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-3380-3307"
},
{
"family_name": "Delorme",
"given_name": "Jacques-Robert",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8953-1008"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "Jason J.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0774-6502",
"clpid": "Wang-Jason-J"
},
{
"family_name": "Jovanovic",
"given_name": "Nemanja",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5213-6207",
"clpid": "Jovanovic-Nemanja"
},
{
"family_name": "Horstman",
"given_name": "Katelyn",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9708-8667",
"clpid": "Horstman-Katelyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Ruane",
"given_name": "Garreth",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665",
"clpid": "Ruane-Gareth-J"
},
{
"family_name": "Mennesson",
"given_name": "Bertrand",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4205-4800"
},
{
"family_name": "Serabyn",
"given_name": "Eugene"
},
{
"family_name": "Mawet",
"given_name": "Dimitri",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735",
"clpid": "Mawet-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallace",
"given_name": "J. Kent",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5299-6899",
"clpid": "Wallace-J-Kent"
},
{
"family_name": "Hillman",
"given_name": "Sofia"
},
{
"family_name": "Baker",
"given_name": "Ashley",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6525-7013",
"clpid": "Baker-Ashley"
},
{
"family_name": "Bartos",
"given_name": "Randall",
"clpid": "Bartos-Randall"
},
{
"family_name": "Calvin",
"given_name": "Benjamin",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4737-5486"
},
{
"family_name": "Cetre",
"given_name": "Sylvain"
},
{
"family_name": "Doppmann",
"given_name": "Greg"
},
{
"family_name": "Finnerty",
"given_name": "Luke",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1392-0768"
},
{
"family_name": "Fitzgerald",
"given_name": "Michael P.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0176-8973"
},
{
"family_name": "Hsu",
"given_name": "Chih-Chun",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5370-7494"
},
{
"family_name": "Liberman",
"given_name": "Joshua",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4934-3042"
},
{
"family_name": "L\u00f3pez",
"given_name": "Ronald"
},
{
"family_name": "Millar-Blanchaer",
"given_name": "Maxwell",
"orcid": "0000-0001-6205-9233"
},
{
"family_name": "Morris",
"given_name": "Evan",
"orcid": "0000-0003-3165-0922"
},
{
"family_name": "Pezzato",
"given_name": "Jacklyn",
"clpid": "Pezzato-Jacklyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Ruffio",
"given_name": "Jean-Baptiste",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2233-4821"
},
{
"family_name": "Sappey",
"given_name": "Ben",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1399-3593"
},
{
"family_name": "Schofield",
"given_name": "Tobias",
"clpid": "Schofield-Tobias"
},
{
"family_name": "Skemer",
"given_name": "Andrew J.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-6098-3924"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "Ji",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885"
},
{
"family_name": "Xin",
"given_name": "Yinzi",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6171-9081",
"clpid": "Xin-Yinzi"
},
{
"family_name": "Anugu",
"given_name": "Narsireddy",
"orcid": "0000-0002-2208-6541"
},
{
"family_name": "Chhabra",
"given_name": "Sorabh",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8926-9732"
},
{
"family_name": "Ibrahim",
"given_name": "Noura",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1788-9366"
},
{
"family_name": "Kraus",
"given_name": "Stefan",
"orcid": "0000-0001-6017-8773"
},
{
"family_name": "Schaefer",
"given_name": "Gail H.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5415-9189"
},
{
"family_name": "Lanthermann",
"given_name": "Cyprien",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9745-5834"
}
],
"abstract": "Abstract\n Vortex fiber nulling (VFN) is a technique for detecting and characterizing faint companions at small separations from their host star. A near-infrared (\u223c2.3 \u03bcm) VFN demonstrator mode was deployed on the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KPIC) instrument at the Keck Observatory and presented earlier. In this Letter, we present the first VFN companion detections. Three targets, HIP 21543 Ab, HIP 94666 Ab, and HIP 50319 B, were detected with host\u2013companion flux ratios between 70 and 430 at and within one diffraction beamwidth (\u03bb/D). We complement the spectra from KPIC VFN with flux ratio and position measurements from the CHARA Array to validate the VFN results and provide a more complete characterization of the targets. This Letter reports the first direct detection of these three M dwarf companions, yielding their first spectra and flux ratios. Our observations provide measurements of bulk properties such as effective temperatures, radial velocities, and \n \n\n\n \n v\n sin\n i\n \n \n , and verify the accuracy of the published orbits. These detections corroborate earlier predictions of the KPIC VFN performance, demonstrating that the instrument mode is ready for science observations.",
"doi": "10.3847/2041-8213/ad3619",
"issn": "2041-8205",
"publisher": "American Astronomical Society",
"publication": "Astrophysical Journal Letters",
"publication_date": "2024-04-20",
"series_number": "2",
"volume": "965",
"issue": "2",
"pages": "L15"
},
{
"id": "authors:h03b9-38d60",
"collection": "authors",
"collection_id": "h03b9-38d60",
"cite_using_url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/h03b9-38d60",
"type": "article",
"title": "Validation of Elemental and Isotopic Abundances in Late-M Spectral Types with the Benchmark HIP 55507 AB System",
"author": [
{
"family_name": "Xuan",
"given_name": "Jerry W.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6618-1137",
"clpid": "Xuan-Jerry-W"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "Jason",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0774-6502"
},
{
"family_name": "Finnerty",
"given_name": "Luke",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1392-0768"
},
{
"family_name": "Horstman",
"given_name": "Katelyn",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9708-8667",
"clpid": "Horstman-Katelyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Grimm",
"given_name": "Simon"
},
{
"family_name": "Peck",
"given_name": "Anne E.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2461-6881"
},
{
"family_name": "Nielsen",
"given_name": "Eric",
"orcid": "0000-0001-6975-9056"
},
{
"family_name": "Knutson",
"given_name": "Heather A.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5375-4725",
"clpid": "Knutson-H-A"
},
{
"family_name": "Mawet",
"given_name": "Dimitri",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735",
"clpid": "Mawet-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Isaacson",
"given_name": "Howard",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0531-1073"
},
{
"family_name": "Howard",
"given_name": "Andrew W.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8638-0320",
"clpid": "Howard-A-W"
},
{
"family_name": "Liu",
"given_name": "Michael C.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2232-7664"
},
{
"family_name": "Walker",
"given_name": "Sam",
"orcid": "0000-0001-7062-815X"
},
{
"family_name": "Phillips",
"given_name": "Mark W."
},
{
"family_name": "Blake",
"given_name": "Geoffrey A.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0787-1610",
"clpid": "Blake-G-A"
},
{
"family_name": "Ruffio",
"given_name": "Jean-Baptiste",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2233-4821",
"clpid": "Ruffio-J-B"
},
{
"family_name": "Zhang",
"given_name": "Yapeng",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0097-4414",
"clpid": "Zhang-Yapeng"
},
{
"family_name": "Inglis",
"given_name": "Julie",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9164-7966",
"clpid": "Inglis-Julie"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallack",
"given_name": "Nicole L.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0354-0187",
"clpid": "Wallack-N-L"
},
{
"family_name": "Sanghi",
"given_name": "Aniket",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1838-4757",
"clpid": "Sanghi-Aniket"
},
{
"family_name": "Gonzales",
"given_name": "Erica J.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-9329-2190"
},
{
"family_name": "Dai",
"given_name": "Fei",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8958-0683",
"clpid": "Dai-Fei"
},
{
"family_name": "Baker",
"given_name": "Ashley",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6525-7013",
"clpid": "Baker-Ashley"
},
{
"family_name": "Bartos",
"given_name": "Randall",
"clpid": "Bartos-Randall"
},
{
"family_name": "Bond",
"given_name": "Charlotte Z."
},
{
"family_name": "Bryan",
"given_name": "Marta L.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6076-5967"
},
{
"family_name": "Calvin",
"given_name": "Benjamin",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4737-5486",
"clpid": "Calvin-Benjamin"
},
{
"family_name": "Cetre",
"given_name": "Sylvain"
},
{
"family_name": "Delorme",
"given_name": "Jacques-Robert",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8953-1008"
},
{
"family_name": "Doppmann",
"given_name": "Greg"
},
{
"family_name": "Echeverri",
"given_name": "Daniel",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040",
"clpid": "Echeverri-Daniel"
},
{
"family_name": "Fitzgerald",
"given_name": "Michael P.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0176-8973"
},
{
"family_name": "Jovanovic",
"given_name": "Nemanja",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5213-6207",
"clpid": "Jovanovic-N"
},
{
"family_name": "Liberman",
"given_name": "Joshua",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4934-3042",
"clpid": "Liberman-Joshua"
},
{
"family_name": "L\u00f3pez",
"given_name": "Ronald A.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-2019-4995"
},
{
"family_name": "Martin",
"given_name": "Emily C.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0618-5128"
},
{
"family_name": "Morris",
"given_name": "Evan"
},
{
"family_name": "Pezzato",
"given_name": "Jacklyn",
"clpid": "Pezzato-Jacklyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Ruane",
"given_name": "Garreth",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665",
"clpid": "Ruane-G-J"
},
{
"family_name": "Sappey",
"given_name": "Ben",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1399-3593"
},
{
"family_name": "Schofield",
"given_name": "Tobias",
"clpid": "Schofield-Tobias"
},
{
"family_name": "Skemer",
"given_name": "Andrew",
"orcid": "0000-0001-6098-3924"
},
{
"family_name": "Venenciano",
"given_name": "Taylor",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0122-8915"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallace",
"given_name": "J. Kent",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5299-6899",
"clpid": "Wallace-J-Kent"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "Ji",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885"
},
{
"family_name": "Wizinowich",
"given_name": "Peter",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1646-442X"
},
{
"family_name": "Xin",
"given_name": "Yinzi",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6171-9081",
"clpid": "Xin-Yinzi"
},
{
"family_name": "Agrawal",
"given_name": "Shubh",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2429-5811"
},
{
"family_name": "Do \u00d3",
"given_name": "Clarissa R.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5173-2947"
},
{
"family_name": "Hsu",
"given_name": "Chih-Chun",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5370-7494"
},
{
"family_name": "Phillips",
"given_name": "Caprice L.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5610-5328"
}
],
"abstract": "M dwarfs are common host stars to exoplanets but often lack atmospheric abundance measurements. Late-M dwarfs are also good analogs to the youngest substellar companions, which share similar Teff ∼ 2300–2800 K. We present atmospheric analyses for the M7.5 companion HIP 55507 B and its K6V primary star with Keck/KPIC high-resolution (R ∼ 35,000) K-band spectroscopy. First, by including KPIC relative radial velocities between the primary and secondary in the orbit fit, we improve the dynamical mass precision by 60% and find M_B = 88.0_(−3.2)^(+3.4) M_Jup, putting HIP 55507 B above the stellar–substellar boundary. We also find that HIP 55507 B orbits its K6V primary star with a = 38\u208b\u2083\u207a\u2074 au and e = 0.40 ± 0.04. From atmospheric retrievals of HIP 55507 B, we measure [C/H] = 0.24 ± 0.13, [O/H] = 0.15 ± 0.13, and C/O = 0.67 ± 0.04. Moreover, we strongly detect 13CO (7.8σ significance) and tentatively detect H218O (3.7σ significance) in the companion's atmosphere and measure 12C/13C = 98\u208b\u2082\u2082\u207a²\u2078 and H\u208216O/H\u208218O = 240\u208b\u2088\u2080\u207a¹\u2074\u2075 after accounting for systematic errors. From a simplified retrieval analysis of HIP 55507 A, we measure 12C/13C = 79\u208b\u2081\u2086\u207a²¹ and C16O/C18O = 288\u208b\u2087\u2080\u207a¹²\u2075 for the primary star. These results demonstrate that HIP 55507 A and B have consistent 12C/13C and 16O/18O to the <1σ level, as expected for a chemically homogeneous binary system. Given the similar flux ratios and separations between HIP 55507 AB and systems with young substellar companions, our results open the door to systematically measuring 13CO and H\u208218O abundances in the atmospheres of substellar or even planetary-mass companions with similar spectral types.
",
"doi": "10.3847/1538-4357/ad1243",
"issn": "0004-637X",
"publisher": "American Astronomical Society",
"publication": "Astrophysical Journal",
"publication_date": "2024-02-10",
"series_number": "1",
"volume": "962",
"issue": "1",
"pages": "10"
},
{
"id": "authors:j1rga-5hk42",
"collection": "authors",
"collection_id": "j1rga-5hk42",
"cite_using_url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/j1rga-5hk42",
"type": "article",
"title": "Atmospheric Metallicity and C/O of HD 189733 b from High-resolution Spectroscopy",
"author": [
{
"family_name": "Finnerty",
"given_name": "Luke",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1392-0768",
"clpid": "Finnerty-Luke"
},
{
"family_name": "Xuan",
"given_name": "Jerry W.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6618-1137",
"clpid": "Xuan-Jerry-W"
},
{
"family_name": "Xin",
"given_name": "Yinzi",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6171-9081",
"clpid": "Xin-Yinzi"
},
{
"family_name": "Liberman",
"given_name": "Joshua",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4934-3042",
"clpid": "Liberman-Joshua"
},
{
"family_name": "Schofield",
"given_name": "Tobias",
"clpid": "Schofield-Tobias"
},
{
"family_name": "Fitzgerald",
"given_name": "Michael P.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0176-8973"
},
{
"family_name": "Agrawal",
"given_name": "Shubh",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2429-5811"
},
{
"family_name": "Baker",
"given_name": "Ashley",
"clpid": "Baker-Ashley"
},
{
"family_name": "Bartos",
"given_name": "Randall",
"clpid": "Bartos-Randall"
},
{
"family_name": "Blake",
"given_name": "Geoffrey A.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0787-1610",
"clpid": "Blake-G-A"
},
{
"family_name": "Calvin",
"given_name": "Benjamin",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4737-5486",
"clpid": "Calvin-Benjamin"
},
{
"family_name": "Cetre",
"given_name": "Sylvain"
},
{
"family_name": "Delorme",
"given_name": "Jacques-Robert",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8953-1008",
"clpid": "Delorme-Jacques-Robert"
},
{
"family_name": "Doppmann",
"given_name": "Greg"
},
{
"family_name": "Echeverri",
"given_name": "Daniel",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040",
"clpid": "Echeverri-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Hsu",
"given_name": "Chih-Chun",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5370-7494"
},
{
"family_name": "Jovanovic",
"given_name": "Nemanja",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5213-6207",
"clpid": "Jovanovic-N"
},
{
"family_name": "L\u00f3pez",
"given_name": "Ronald A.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-2019-4995"
},
{
"family_name": "Martin",
"given_name": "Emily C.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0618-5128"
},
{
"family_name": "Mawet",
"given_name": "Dimitri",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735",
"clpid": "Mawet-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Morris",
"given_name": "Evan"
},
{
"family_name": "Pezzato",
"given_name": "Jacklyn",
"clpid": "Pezzato-Jacklyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Ruffio",
"given_name": "Jean-Baptiste",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2233-4821",
"clpid": "Ruffio-J-B"
},
{
"family_name": "Sappey",
"given_name": "Ben",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1399-3593"
},
{
"family_name": "Skemer",
"given_name": "Andrew",
"orcid": "0000-0001-6098-3924"
},
{
"family_name": "Venenciano",
"given_name": "Taylor",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0122-8915"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallace",
"given_name": "J. Kent",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5299-6899",
"clpid": "Wallace-J-Kent"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallack",
"given_name": "Nicole L.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0354-0187",
"clpid": "Wallack-N-L"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang \u738b",
"given_name": "Jason J. \u52b2\u98de",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0774-6502",
"clpid": "Wang-Jason-J"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang \u5409",
"given_name": "Ji \u738b",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885"
}
],
"abstract": "We present high-resolution K-band emission spectra of the quintessential hot Jupiter HD 189733 b from the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer. Using a Bayesian retrieval framework, we fit the dayside pressure–temperature profile, orbital kinematics, mass-mixing ratios of H2O, CO, CH4, NH3, HCN, and H2S, and the 13CO/12CO ratio. We measure mass fractions of logH\u2082O = −2.0_(−0.4)^(+0.4) and log CO= −2.2_(−0.5)^(+0.5), and place upper limits on the remaining species. Notably, we find logCH4 < −4.5 at 99% confidence, despite its anticipated presence at the equilibrium temperature of HD 189733 b assuming local thermal equilibrium. We make a tentative (∼3σ) detection of 13CO, and the retrieved posteriors suggest a 12C/13C ratio similar to or substantially less than the local interstellar value. The possible 13C enrichment would be consistent with accretion of fractionated material in ices or in the protoplanetary disk midplane. The retrieved abundances correspond to a substantially substellar atmospheric C/O = 0.3 ± 0.1, while the carbon and oxygen abundances are stellar to slightly superstellar, consistent with core-accretion models which predict an inverse correlation between C/O and metallicity. The specific combination of low C/O and high metallicity suggests significant accretion of solid material may have occurred late in the formation process of HD 189733 b.
",
"doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/ad1180",
"issn": "0004-6256",
"publisher": "American Astronomical Society",
"publication": "Astronomical Journal",
"publication_date": "2024-01",
"series_number": "1",
"volume": "167",
"issue": "1",
"pages": "43"
},
{
"id": "authors:1vsmk-z3045",
"collection": "authors",
"collection_id": "1vsmk-z3045",
"cite_using_url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/1vsmk-z3045",
"type": "article",
"title": "Vortex fiber nulling for exoplanet observations: implementation and first light",
"author": [
{
"family_name": "Echeverri",
"given_name": "Daniel",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040",
"clpid": "Echeverri-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Xuan",
"given_name": "Jerry",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6618-1137",
"clpid": "Xuan-Jerry-W"
},
{
"family_name": "Jovanovic",
"given_name": "Nemanja",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5213-6207",
"clpid": "Jovanovic-N"
},
{
"family_name": "Ruane",
"given_name": "Garreth",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665",
"clpid": "Ruane-G-J"
},
{
"family_name": "Delorme",
"given_name": "Jacques-Robert",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8953-1008"
},
{
"family_name": "Mawet",
"given_name": "Dimitri",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735",
"clpid": "Mawet-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Mennesson",
"given_name": "Bertrand",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4205-4800",
"clpid": "Mennesson-Bertrand"
},
{
"family_name": "Serabyn",
"given_name": "Eugene",
"orcid": "0009-0009-2491-0694",
"clpid": "Serabyn-Eugene"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallace",
"given_name": "J. Kent",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5299-6899",
"clpid": "Wallace-J-Kent"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "Jason",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0774-6502",
"clpid": "Wang-Jason-J"
},
{
"family_name": "Ruffio",
"given_name": "Jean-Baptiste",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2233-4821",
"clpid": "Ruffio-J-B"
},
{
"family_name": "Finnerty",
"given_name": "Luke",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1392-0768"
},
{
"family_name": "Xin",
"given_name": "Yinzi",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6171-9081",
"clpid": "Xin-Yinzi"
},
{
"family_name": "Millar-Blanchaer",
"given_name": "Maxwell",
"orcid": "0000-0001-6205-9233",
"clpid": "Millar-Blanchaer-M-A"
},
{
"family_name": "Baker",
"given_name": "Ashley",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6525-7013",
"clpid": "Baker-Ashley"
},
{
"family_name": "Bartos",
"given_name": "Randall",
"clpid": "Bartos-Randall"
},
{
"family_name": "Calvin",
"given_name": "Benjamin",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4737-5486"
},
{
"family_name": "Cetre",
"given_name": "Sylvain"
},
{
"family_name": "Doppmann",
"given_name": "Greg"
},
{
"family_name": "Fitzgerald",
"given_name": "Michael P.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0176-8973"
},
{
"family_name": "Hillman",
"given_name": "Sofia"
},
{
"family_name": "Horstman",
"given_name": "Katelyn",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9708-8667",
"clpid": "Horstman-Katelyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Hsu",
"given_name": "Chih-Chun",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5370-7494"
},
{
"family_name": "Liberman",
"given_name": "Joshua",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4934-3042",
"clpid": "Liberman-Joshua"
},
{
"family_name": "Lopez",
"given_name": "Ronald",
"orcid": "0000-0002-2019-4995"
},
{
"family_name": "Morris",
"given_name": "Evan",
"orcid": "0000-0003-3165-0922"
},
{
"family_name": "Pezzato",
"given_name": "Jacklyn",
"clpid": "Pezzato-Jacklyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Phillips",
"given_name": "Caprice L.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5610-5328"
},
{
"family_name": "Ren",
"given_name": "Bin B.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1698-9696",
"clpid": "Ren-Bin"
},
{
"family_name": "Sappey",
"given_name": "Ben",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1399-3593"
},
{
"family_name": "Schofield",
"given_name": "Tobias",
"clpid": "Schofield-Tobias"
},
{
"family_name": "Skemer",
"given_name": "Andrew J.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-6098-3924"
},
{
"family_name": "Vancil",
"given_name": "Connor"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "Ji"
}
],
"abstract": "Vortex fiber nulling (VFN) is a single-aperture interferometric technique for detecting and characterizing exoplanets separated from their host star by less than a diffracted beam width. VFN uses a vortex mask and single-mode fiber to selectively reject starlight while coupling off-axis planet light with a simple optical design that can be readily implemented on existing direct imaging instruments that can feed light to an optical fiber. With its axially symmetric coupling region peaking within the inner working angle of conventional coronagraphs, VFN is more efficient at detecting new companions at small separations than conventional direct imaging, thereby increasing the yield of on-going exoplanet search campaigns. We deployed a VFN mode operating in K band (2.0 to 2.5 μm) on the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KPIC) instrument at the Keck II Telescope. We present the instrument design of this first on-sky demonstration of VFN and the results from on-sky commissioning, including planet and star throughput measurements and predicted flux-ratio detection limits for close-in companions. The instrument performance is shown to be sufficient for detecting a companion 103 times fainter than a fifth magnitude host star in 1 h at a separation of 50 mas (1.1 λ / D). This makes the instrument capable of efficiently detecting substellar companions around young stars. We also discuss several routes for improvement that will reduce the required integration time for a detection by a factor >3.
",
"doi": "10.1117/1.jatis.9.3.035002",
"issn": "2329-4124",
"publisher": "SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng",
"publication": "Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems",
"publication_date": "2023-09",
"series_number": "03",
"volume": "9",
"issue": "03",
"pages": "035002"
},
{
"id": "authors:9fq4z-nbz76",
"collection": "authors",
"collection_id": "9fq4z-nbz76",
"cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20221221-398072700.2",
"type": "article",
"title": "Retrieving C and O Abundance of HR 8799 c by Combining High- and Low-resolution Data",
"author": [
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "Ji",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885",
"clpid": "Wang-Ji"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "Jason J.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0774-6502"
},
{
"family_name": "Ruffio",
"given_name": "Jean-Baptiste",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2233-4821",
"clpid": "Ruffio-Jean-Baptiste"
},
{
"family_name": "Blake",
"given_name": "Geoffrey A.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0787-1610",
"clpid": "Blake-G-A"
},
{
"family_name": "Mawet",
"given_name": "Dimitri",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735",
"clpid": "Mawet-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Baker",
"given_name": "Ashley",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6525-7013",
"clpid": "Baker-Ashley"
},
{
"family_name": "Bartos",
"given_name": "Randall",
"clpid": "Bartos-Randall-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Bond",
"given_name": "Charlotte Z."
},
{
"family_name": "Calvin",
"given_name": "Benjamin",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4737-5486",
"clpid": "Calvin-Benjamin"
},
{
"family_name": "Cetre",
"given_name": "Sylvain"
},
{
"family_name": "Delorme",
"given_name": "Jacques-Robert",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8953-1008",
"clpid": "Delorme-Jacques-Robert"
},
{
"family_name": "Doppmann",
"given_name": "Greg"
},
{
"family_name": "Echeverri",
"given_name": "Daniel",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040",
"clpid": "Echeverri-Daniel"
},
{
"family_name": "Finnerty",
"given_name": "Luke",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1392-0768"
},
{
"family_name": "Fitzgerald",
"given_name": "Michael P.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0176-8973"
},
{
"family_name": "Jovanovic",
"given_name": "Nemanja",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5213-6207",
"clpid": "Jovanovic-Nemanja"
},
{
"family_name": "Lopez",
"given_name": "Ronald"
},
{
"family_name": "Martin",
"given_name": "Emily C.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0618-5128"
},
{
"family_name": "Morris",
"given_name": "Evan"
},
{
"family_name": "Pezzato",
"given_name": "Jacklyn",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6769-2035",
"clpid": "Pezzato-Jacklyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Ragland",
"given_name": "Sam",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0696-1780"
},
{
"family_name": "Ruane",
"given_name": "Garreth",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665",
"clpid": "Ruane-Garreth-J"
},
{
"family_name": "Sappey",
"given_name": "Ben",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1399-3593"
},
{
"family_name": "Schofield",
"given_name": "Tobias",
"clpid": "Schofield-Tobias"
},
{
"family_name": "Skemer",
"given_name": "Andrew",
"orcid": "0000-0001-6098-3924"
},
{
"family_name": "Venenciano",
"given_name": "Taylor"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallace",
"given_name": "J. Kent",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5299-6899",
"clpid": "Wallace-J-Kent"
},
{
"family_name": "Wizinowich",
"given_name": "Peter",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1646-442X"
},
{
"family_name": "Xuan",
"given_name": "Jerry W.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6618-1137",
"clpid": "Xuan-Jerry-W"
},
{
"family_name": "Bryan",
"given_name": "Marta L.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6076-5967"
},
{
"family_name": "Roy",
"given_name": "Arpita",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8127-5775"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallack",
"given_name": "Nicole L.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0354-0187",
"clpid": "Wallack-Nicole-L"
}
],
"abstract": "The formation and evolution pathway for the directly imaged multiplanetary system HR 8799 remains mysterious. Accurate constraints on the chemical composition of the planetary atmosphere(s) are key to solving the mystery. We perform a detailed atmospheric retrieval on HR 8799 c to infer the chemical abundances and abundance ratios using a combination of photometric data along with low- and high-resolution spectroscopic data (R \u223c 20\u201335,000). We specifically retrieve [C/H], [O/H], and C/O and find them to be 0.55_(-0.39)^(+0.36), 0.47_(-0.32)^(+0.31), and 0.67_(-0.15)^(+0.12) at 68% confidence. The superstellar C and O abundances, yet a stellar C/O ratio, reveal a potential formation pathway for HR 8799 c. Planet c, and likely the other gas giant planets in the system, formed early on (likely within \u223c1 Myr), followed by further atmospheric enrichment in C and O through the accretion of solids beyond the CO ice line. The enrichment either preceded or took place during the early phase of the inward migration to the current planet locations.",
"doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/ac9f19",
"issn": "0004-6256",
"publisher": "American Astronomical Society",
"publication": "Astronomical Journal",
"publication_date": "2023-01",
"series_number": "1",
"volume": "165",
"issue": "1",
"pages": "Art. No. 4"
},
{
"id": "authors:2z4ra-3c148",
"collection": "authors",
"collection_id": "2z4ra-3c148",
"cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20221010-454096500.18",
"type": "article",
"title": "A Clear View of a Cloudy Brown Dwarf Companion from High-resolution Spectroscopy",
"author": [
{
"family_name": "Xuan",
"given_name": "Jerry W.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6618-1137",
"clpid": "Xuan-Jerry-W"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "Jason",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0774-6502",
"clpid": "Wang-Jason-J"
},
{
"family_name": "Ruffio",
"given_name": "Jean-Baptiste",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2233-4821",
"clpid": "Ruffio-Jean-Baptiste"
},
{
"family_name": "Knutson",
"given_name": "Heather A.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5375-4725",
"clpid": "Knutson-H-A"
},
{
"family_name": "Mawet",
"given_name": "Dimitri",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735",
"clpid": "Mawet-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Molli\u00e8re",
"given_name": "Paul",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4096-7067"
},
{
"family_name": "Kolecki",
"given_name": "Jared",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6267-0849"
},
{
"family_name": "Vigan",
"given_name": "Arthur",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5902-7828"
},
{
"family_name": "Mukherjee",
"given_name": "Sagnick"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallack",
"given_name": "Nicole",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0354-0187",
"clpid": "Wallack-Nicole-L"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "Ji",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885"
},
{
"family_name": "Baker",
"given_name": "Ashley",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6525-7013",
"clpid": "Baker-Ashley"
},
{
"family_name": "Bartos",
"given_name": "Randall",
"clpid": "Bartos-Randall-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Blake",
"given_name": "Geoffrey A.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0787-1610",
"clpid": "Blake-G-A"
},
{
"family_name": "Bond",
"given_name": "Charlotte Z."
},
{
"family_name": "Bryan",
"given_name": "Marta",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6076-5967"
},
{
"family_name": "Calvin",
"given_name": "Benjamin",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4737-5486",
"clpid": "Calvin-Benjamin"
},
{
"family_name": "Cetre",
"given_name": "Sylvain"
},
{
"family_name": "Chun",
"given_name": "Mark",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8462-0703"
},
{
"family_name": "Delorme",
"given_name": "Jacques-Robert",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8953-1008",
"clpid": "Delorme-Jacques-Robert"
},
{
"family_name": "Doppmann",
"given_name": "Greg"
},
{
"family_name": "Echeverri",
"given_name": "Daniel",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040",
"clpid": "Echeverri-Daniel"
},
{
"family_name": "Finnerty",
"given_name": "Luke",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1392-0768"
},
{
"family_name": "Fitzgerald",
"given_name": "Michael P.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0176-8973"
},
{
"family_name": "Horstman",
"given_name": "Katelyn",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9708-8667",
"clpid": "Horstman-Katelyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Inglis",
"given_name": "Julie",
"clpid": "Inglis-Julie"
},
{
"family_name": "Jovanovic",
"given_name": "Nemanja",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5213-6207",
"clpid": "Jovanovic-Nemanja"
},
{
"family_name": "L\u00f3pez",
"given_name": "Ronald"
},
{
"family_name": "Martin",
"given_name": "Emily C.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0618-5128"
},
{
"family_name": "Morris",
"given_name": "Evan"
},
{
"family_name": "Pezzato",
"given_name": "Jacklyn",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6769-2035",
"clpid": "Pezzato-Jacklyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Ragland",
"given_name": "Sam"
},
{
"family_name": "Ren",
"given_name": "Bin",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1698-9696",
"clpid": "Ren-Bin"
},
{
"family_name": "Ruane",
"given_name": "Garreth",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665",
"clpid": "Ruane-Garreth-J"
},
{
"family_name": "Sappey",
"given_name": "Ben"
},
{
"family_name": "Schofield",
"given_name": "Tobias",
"clpid": "Schofield-Tobias"
},
{
"family_name": "Skemer",
"given_name": "Andrew",
"orcid": "0000-0001-6098-3924"
},
{
"family_name": "Venenciano",
"given_name": "Taylor"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallace",
"given_name": "J. Kent",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5299-6899",
"clpid": "Wallace-J-Kent"
},
{
"family_name": "Wizinowich",
"given_name": "Peter",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1646-442X"
}
],
"abstract": "Direct imaging studies have mainly used low-resolution spectroscopy (R \u223c 20\u2013100) to study the atmospheres of giant exoplanets and brown dwarf companions, but the presence of clouds has often led to degeneracies in the retrieved atmospheric abundances (e.g., carbon-to-oxygen ratio, metallicity). This precludes clear insights into the formation mechanisms of these companions. The Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KPIC) uses adaptive optics and single-mode fibers to transport light into NIRSPEC (R \u223c 35,000 in the K band), and aims to address these challenges with high-resolution spectroscopy. Using an atmospheric retrieval framework based on petitRADTRANS, we analyze the KPIC high-resolution spectrum (2.29\u20132.49 \u03bcm) and the archival low-resolution spectrum (1\u20132.2 \u03bcm) of the benchmark brown dwarf HD 4747 B (m = 67.2 \u00b1 1.8 M_(Jup), a = 10.0 \u00b1 0.2 au, T_(eff) \u2248 1400 K). We find that our measured C/O and metallicity for the companion from the KPIC high-resolution spectrum agree with those of its host star within 1\u03c3\u20132\u03c3. The retrieved parameters from the K-band high-resolution spectrum are also independent of our choice of cloud model. In contrast, the retrieved parameters from the low-resolution spectrum are highly sensitive to our chosen cloud model. Finally, we detect CO, H\u2082O, and CH\u2084 (volume-mixing ratio of log(CH\u2084) = \u22124.82 \u00b1 0.23) in this L/T transition companion with the KPIC data. The relative molecular abundances allow us to constrain the degree of chemical disequilibrium in the atmosphere of HD 4747 B, and infer a vertical diffusion coefficient that is at the upper limit predicted from mixing length theory.",
"doi": "10.3847/1538-4357/ac8673",
"issn": "0004-637X",
"publisher": "American Astronomical Society",
"publication": "Astrophysical Journal",
"publication_date": "2022-10-01",
"series_number": "2",
"volume": "937",
"issue": "2",
"pages": "54Art. No."
},
{
"id": "authors:rtw1m-9ky54",
"collection": "authors",
"collection_id": "rtw1m-9ky54",
"cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220224-200938684",
"type": "article",
"title": "Retrieving the C and O Abundances of HR 7672 AB: A Solar-type Primary Star with a Benchmark Brown Dwarf",
"author": [
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "Ji",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885",
"clpid": "Wang-Ji"
},
{
"family_name": "Kolecki",
"given_name": "Jared R.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6267-0849"
},
{
"family_name": "Ruffio",
"given_name": "Jean-Baptiste",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2233-4821",
"clpid": "Ruffio-Jean-Baptiste"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "Jason J.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0774-6502",
"clpid": "Wang-Jason-J"
},
{
"family_name": "Mawet",
"given_name": "Dimitri",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735",
"clpid": "Mawet-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Baker",
"given_name": "Ashley",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6525-7013",
"clpid": "Baker-Ashley"
},
{
"family_name": "Bartos",
"given_name": "Randall",
"clpid": "Bartos-Randall-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Blake",
"given_name": "Geoffrey A.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0787-1610",
"clpid": "Blake-G-A"
},
{
"family_name": "Bond",
"given_name": "Charlotte Z."
},
{
"family_name": "Calvin",
"given_name": "Benjamin",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4737-5486",
"clpid": "Calvin-Benjamin-A"
},
{
"family_name": "Cetre",
"given_name": "Sylvain"
},
{
"family_name": "Delorme",
"given_name": "Jacques-Robert",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8953-1008",
"clpid": "Delorme-Jacques-Robert"
},
{
"family_name": "Doppmann",
"given_name": "Greg"
},
{
"family_name": "Echeverri",
"given_name": "Daniel",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040",
"clpid": "Echeverri-Daniel"
},
{
"family_name": "Finnerty",
"given_name": "Luke",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1392-0768"
},
{
"family_name": "Fitzgerald",
"given_name": "Michael P.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0176-8973"
},
{
"family_name": "Jovanovic",
"given_name": "Nemanja",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5213-6207",
"clpid": "Jovanovic-Nemanja"
},
{
"family_name": "Liu",
"given_name": "Michael C.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2232-7664"
},
{
"family_name": "Lopez",
"given_name": "Ronald"
},
{
"family_name": "Morris",
"given_name": "Evan"
},
{
"family_name": "Pai Asnodkar",
"given_name": "Anusha",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8823-8237"
},
{
"family_name": "Pezzato",
"given_name": "Jacklyn",
"clpid": "Pezzato-Jacklyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Ragland",
"given_name": "Sam",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0696-1780"
},
{
"family_name": "Roy",
"given_name": "Arpita",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8127-5775"
},
{
"family_name": "Ruane",
"given_name": "Garreth",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665",
"clpid": "Ruane-Garreth-J"
},
{
"family_name": "Sappey",
"given_name": "Ben"
},
{
"family_name": "Schofield",
"given_name": "Tobias",
"clpid": "Schofield-Tobias"
},
{
"family_name": "Skemer",
"given_name": "Andrew",
"orcid": "0000-0001-6098-3924"
},
{
"family_name": "Venenciano",
"given_name": "Taylor"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallace",
"given_name": "J. Kent",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5299-6899",
"clpid": "Wallace-J-Kent"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallack",
"given_name": "Nicole L.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0354-0187",
"clpid": "Wallack-Nicole-L"
},
{
"family_name": "Wizinowich",
"given_name": "Peter",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1646-442X"
},
{
"family_name": "Xuan",
"given_name": "Jerry W.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6618-1137",
"clpid": "Xuan-Jerry-W"
}
],
"abstract": "A benchmark brown dwarf (BD) is a BD whose properties (e.g., mass and chemical composition) are precisely and independently measured. Benchmark BDs are valuable in testing theoretical evolutionary tracks, spectral synthesis, and atmospheric retrievals for substellar objects. Here, we report results of atmospheric retrieval on a synthetic spectrum and a benchmark BD, HR 7672 B, with petitRADTRANS. First, we test the retrieval framework on a synthetic PHOENIX BT-Settl spectrum with a solar composition. We show that the retrieved C and O abundances are consistent with solar values, but the retrieved C/O is overestimated by 0.13\u20130.18, which is about four times higher than the formal error bar. Second, we perform retrieval on HR 7672 B using high spectral-resolution data (R = 35,000) from the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer and near-infrared photometry. We retrieve [C/H], [O/H], and C/O to be \u22120.24 \u00b1 0.05, \u22120.19 \u00b1 0.04, and 0.52 \u00b1 0.02. These values are consistent with those of HR 7672 A within 1.5\u03c3. As such, HR 7672 B is among only a few benchmark BDs (along with Gl 570 D and HD 3651 B) that have been demonstrated to have consistent elemental abundances with their primary stars. Our work provides a practical procedure of testing and performing atmospheric retrieval, and sheds light on potential systematics of future retrievals using high- and low-resolution data.",
"doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/ac56e2",
"issn": "1538-3881",
"publisher": "American Astronomical Society",
"publication": "Astronomical Journal",
"publication_date": "2022-04",
"series_number": "4",
"volume": "163",
"issue": "4",
"pages": "Art. No. 189"
},
{
"id": "authors:06yy2-h9j42",
"collection": "authors",
"collection_id": "06yy2-h9j42",
"cite_using_url": "https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210831-203938762",
"type": "article",
"title": "Detection and Bulk Properties of the HR 8799 Planets with High-resolution Spectroscopy",
"author": [
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "Jason J.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0774-6502",
"clpid": "Wang-Jason-J"
},
{
"family_name": "Ruffio",
"given_name": "Jean-Baptiste",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2233-4821",
"clpid": "Ruffio-Jean-Baptiste"
},
{
"family_name": "Morris",
"given_name": "Evan"
},
{
"family_name": "Delorme",
"given_name": "Jacques-Robert",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8953-1008",
"clpid": "Delorme-Jacques-Robert"
},
{
"family_name": "Jovanovic",
"given_name": "Nemanja",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5213-6207",
"clpid": "Jovanovic-Nemanja"
},
{
"family_name": "Pezzato",
"given_name": "Jacklyn",
"clpid": "Pezzato-Jacklyn"
},
{
"family_name": "Echeverri",
"given_name": "Daniel",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040",
"clpid": "Echeverri-Daniel"
},
{
"family_name": "Finnerty",
"given_name": "Luke",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1392-0768"
},
{
"family_name": "Hood",
"given_name": "Callie",
"orcid": "0000-0003-1150-7889"
},
{
"family_name": "Zanazzi",
"given_name": "J. J.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-9849-5886"
},
{
"family_name": "Bryan",
"given_name": "Marta L.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6076-5967",
"clpid": "Bryan-Marta-L"
},
{
"family_name": "Bond",
"given_name": "Charlotte Z."
},
{
"family_name": "Cetre",
"given_name": "Sylvain"
},
{
"family_name": "Martin",
"given_name": "Emily C.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0618-5128"
},
{
"family_name": "Mawet",
"given_name": "Dimitri",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735",
"clpid": "Mawet-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Skemer",
"given_name": "Andy",
"orcid": "0000-0001-6098-3924"
},
{
"family_name": "Baker",
"given_name": "Ashley",
"clpid": "Baker-Ashley"
},
{
"family_name": "Xuan",
"given_name": "Jerry W.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-6618-1137",
"clpid": "Xuan-Jerry-W"
},
{
"family_name": "Wallace",
"given_name": "J. Kent",
"orcid": "0000-0001-5299-6899",
"clpid": "Wallace-J-Kent"
},
{
"family_name": "Wang",
"given_name": "Ji",
"orcid": "0000-0002-4361-8885",
"clpid": "Wang-Ji"
},
{
"family_name": "Bartos",
"given_name": "Randall",
"clpid": "Bartos-Randall-D"
},
{
"family_name": "Blake",
"given_name": "Geoffrey A.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0787-1610",
"clpid": "Blake-G-A"
},
{
"family_name": "Boden",
"given_name": "Andy",
"clpid": "Boden-Andy"
},
{
"family_name": "Buzard",
"given_name": "Cam",
"orcid": "0000-0002-9943-6124",
"clpid": "Buzard-Cam"
},
{
"family_name": "Calvin",
"given_name": "Benjamin",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4737-5486",
"clpid": "Calvin-Benjamin-A"
},
{
"family_name": "Chun",
"given_name": "Mark",
"orcid": "0000-0002-8462-0703"
},
{
"family_name": "Doppmann",
"given_name": "Greg"
},
{
"family_name": "Dupuy",
"given_name": "Trent J.",
"orcid": "0000-0001-9823-1445"
},
{
"family_name": "Duch\u00eane",
"given_name": "Gaspard",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5092-6464"
},
{
"family_name": "Feng",
"given_name": "Y. Katherina"
},
{
"family_name": "Fitzgerald",
"given_name": "Michael P.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0176-8973"
},
{
"family_name": "Fortney",
"given_name": "Jonathan",
"orcid": "0000-0002-9843-4354"
},
{
"family_name": "Freedman",
"given_name": "Richard S."
},
{
"family_name": "Knutson",
"given_name": "Heather",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5375-4725",
"clpid": "Knutson-H-A"
},
{
"family_name": "Konopacky",
"given_name": "Quinn",
"orcid": "0000-0002-9936-6285"
},
{
"family_name": "Lilley",
"given_name": "Scott"
},
{
"family_name": "Liu",
"given_name": "Michael C.",
"orcid": "0000-0003-2232-7664"
},
{
"family_name": "Lopez",
"given_name": "Ronald"
},
{
"family_name": "Lupu",
"given_name": "Roxana"
},
{
"family_name": "Marley",
"given_name": "Mark S.",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5251-2943"
},
{
"family_name": "Meshkat",
"given_name": "Tiffany",
"orcid": "0000-0001-6126-2467",
"clpid": "Meshkat-Tiffany"
},
{
"family_name": "Miles",
"given_name": "Brittany",
"orcid": "0000-0002-5500-4602"
},
{
"family_name": "Millar-Blanchaer",
"given_name": "Maxwell",
"orcid": "0000-0001-6205-9233"
},
{
"family_name": "Ragland",
"given_name": "Sam",
"orcid": "0000-0002-0696-1780"
},
{
"family_name": "Roy",
"given_name": "Arpita",
"orcid": "0000-0001-8127-5775",
"clpid": "Roy-Arpita"
},
{
"family_name": "Ruane",
"given_name": "Garreth",
"orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665",
"clpid": "Ruane-Garreth-J"
},
{
"family_name": "Sappey",
"given_name": "Ben"
},
{
"family_name": "Schofield",
"given_name": "Tobias",
"clpid": "Schofield-Tobias"
},
{
"family_name": "Weiss",
"given_name": "Lauren",
"orcid": "0000-0002-3725-3058"
},
{
"family_name": "Wetherell",
"given_name": "Edward"
},
{
"family_name": "Wizinowich",
"given_name": "Peter",
"orcid": "0000-0002-1646-442X"
},
{
"family_name": "Ygouf",
"given_name": "Marie",
"orcid": "0000-0001-7591-2731",
"clpid": "Ygouf-Marie"
}
],
"abstract": "Using the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer, we obtained high-resolution (R \u223c 35,000) K-band spectra of the four planets orbiting HR 8799. We clearly detected H2O and CO in the atmospheres of HR 8799 c, d, and e, and tentatively detected a combination of CO and H2O in b. These are the most challenging directly imaged exoplanets that have been observed at high spectral resolution to date when considering both their angular separations and flux ratios. We developed a forward-modeling framework that allows us to jointly fit the spectra of the planets and the diffracted starlight simultaneously in a likelihood-based approach and obtained posterior probabilities on their effective temperatures, surface gravities, radial velocities, and spins. We measured v sin(i) values of 10.1^(+2.8)_(-2.7) km s\u207b\u00b9 for HR 8799 d and 15.0^(+2.3)_(-2.6) km s\u207b\u00b9 for HR 8799 e, and placed an upper limit of <14 km s\u207b\u00b9 of HR 8799 c. Under two different assumptions of their obliquities, we found tentative evidence that rotation velocity is anticorrelated with companion mass, which could indicate that magnetic braking with a circumplanetary disk at early times is less efficient at spinning down lower-mass planets.",
"doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/ac1349",
"issn": "0004-6256",
"publisher": "American Astronomical Society",
"publication": "Astronomical Journal",
"publication_date": "2021-10",
"series_number": "4",
"volume": "162",
"issue": "4",
"pages": "Art. No. 148"
}
]