[
    {
        "id": "authors:5r4rq-p4a78",
        "collection": "authors",
        "collection_id": "5r4rq-p4a78",
        "cite_using_url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/5r4rq-p4a78",
        "type": "conference_item",
        "title": "Coronagraph design survey for future exoplanet direct imaging space missions",
        "author": [
            {
                "family_name": "Belikov",
                "given_name": "Ruslan",
                "orcid": "0000-0002-4951-8025"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Stark",
                "given_name": "Christopher C."
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Siegler",
                "given_name": "Nick",
                "clpid": "Siegler-Nick"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Por",
                "given_name": "Emiel H.",
                "orcid": "0000-0002-3961-083X"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Mennesson",
                "given_name": "Bertrand",
                "orcid": "0000-0003-4205-4800",
                "clpid": "Mennesson-Bertrand"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Redmond",
                "given_name": "Susan F.",
                "orcid": "0000-0002-9618-4371",
                "clpid": "Redmond-Susan-F"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Chen",
                "given_name": "Pin",
                "orcid": "0000-0003-1195-9666",
                "clpid": "Chen-Pin"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Fogarty",
                "given_name": "Kevin W.",
                "orcid": "0000-0002-2691-2476",
                "clpid": "Fogarty-K"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Guyon",
                "given_name": "Olivier",
                "orcid": "0000-0002-1097-9908"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Juanola-parramon",
                "given_name": "Roser",
                "orcid": "0000-0002-3988-6190"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Kasdin",
                "given_name": "Jeremy N."
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Krist",
                "given_name": "John",
                "clpid": "Krist-John"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Mawet",
                "given_name": "Dimitri",
                "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735",
                "clpid": "Mawet-D"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Morgan",
                "given_name": "Rhonda",
                "clpid": "Morgan-Rhonda"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Mejia Prada",
                "given_name": "Camilo",
                "clpid": "Mejia-Prada-Camilo"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Pueyo",
                "given_name": "Laurent",
                "orcid": "0000-0003-3818-408X"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Ruane",
                "given_name": "Garreth",
                "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665",
                "clpid": "Ruane-G-J"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Sirbu",
                "given_name": "Dan",
                "orcid": "0000-0001-8795-0110"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Stapelfeldt",
                "given_name": "Karl",
                "orcid": "0000-0002-2805-7338",
                "clpid": "Stapelfeldt-Karl"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Trauger",
                "given_name": "John T.",
                "clpid": "Trauger-John-T"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Zimmerman",
                "given_name": "Neil T.",
                "orcid": "0000-0001-5484-1516"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Alagao",
                "given_name": "Mary Angelie M."
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Carlotti",
                "given_name": "Alex"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Chafi",
                "given_name": "Jamal",
                "orcid": "0000-0001-9008-6837"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Doleman",
                "given_name": "David"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Gersh-Range",
                "given_name": "Jessica"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Konig",
                "given_name": "Lorenzo"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Leboulleux",
                "given_name": "Lucille"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Moody",
                "given_name": "Dwight",
                "clpid": "Moody-Dwight"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Riggs",
                "given_name": "AJ",
                "clpid": "Riggs-A-J"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Serabyn",
                "given_name": "Eugene",
                "clpid": "Serabyn-Eugene"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Snik",
                "given_name": "Frans",
                "orcid": "0000-0003-1946-7009"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Wallace",
                "given_name": "Kent"
            }
        ],
        "editor": [
            {
                "family_name": "Coyle",
                "given_name": "Laura E."
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Perrin",
                "given_name": "Marshall D."
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Matsuura",
                "given_name": "Shuji"
            }
        ],
        "abstract": "NASA is embarking on an ambitious program to develop the Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) flagship to perform transformational astrophysics, as well as directly image \u223c 25 potentially Earth-like planets and spectroscopically characterize them for signs of life. This mission was recommended by Astro2020, which additionally recommended a new approach for flagship formulation based on increasing the scope and depth of early, pre-phase A trades and technology maturation. A critical capability of the HWO mission is the suppression of starlight. To inform future architecture trades, it is necessary to survey a wide range of candidate technologies, from the relatively mature ones such as the ones described in the LUVOIR and HabEx reports to the relatively new and emerging ones, which may lead to breakthrough performance. In this paper, we present a summary of an effort, funded by NASA's Exoplanet Exoplaration Program (ExEP), to survey potential coronagraph options for HWO. In particular, our results consist of: (1) a database of different coronagraph designs sourced from the world-wide coronagraph community that are potentially compatible with HWO; (2) evaluation criteria, such as expected mission yields and feasibility of maturing to TRL 5 before phase A; (3) a unified modeling pipeline that processes the designs from (1) and outputs values for any machine-calculable criteria from (2); (4) assessments of maturity of designs, and other criteria that are not machine-calculable; (5) a table presenting an executive summary of designs and our results. While not charged to down-select or prioritize the different coronagraph designs, the products of this survey were designed to facilitate future HWO trade studies.",
        "doi": "10.1117/12.3020614",
        "isbn": "9781510675070",
        "publisher": "SPIE",
        "publication": "Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2024: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave",
        "publication_date": "2024-08-23",
        "pages": "1309266"
    },
    {
        "id": "authors:7vvnb-7nd83",
        "collection": "authors",
        "collection_id": "7vvnb-7nd83",
        "cite_using_url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/7vvnb-7nd83",
        "type": "conference_item",
        "title": "Prototype development of broadband scalar vortex coronagraphs with phase dimples for exoplanet imaging",
        "author": [
            {
                "family_name": "Desai",
                "given_name": "Niyati",
                "orcid": "0000-0002-2843-8325",
                "clpid": "Desai-Niyati"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Mawet",
                "given_name": "Dimitri",
                "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735",
                "clpid": "Mawet-D"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Bertrou-Cantou",
                "given_name": "Arielle",
                "clpid": "Bertrou-Cantou-Arielle"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Kraus",
                "given_name": "Matthias"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Deparnay",
                "given_name": "Arnaud"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Serabyn",
                "given_name": "Eugene",
                "orcid": "0009-0009-2491-0694",
                "clpid": "Serabyn-Eugene"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Ruane",
                "given_name": "Garreth",
                "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665",
                "clpid": "Ruane-G-J"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Redmond",
                "given_name": "Susan",
                "orcid": "0000-0002-9618-4371",
                "clpid": "Redmond-Susan"
            }
        ],
        "editor": [
            {
                "family_name": "Coyle",
                "given_name": "Laura E."
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Perrin",
                "given_name": "Marshall D."
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Matsuura",
                "given_name": "Shuji"
            }
        ],
        "abstract": "<p>Directly imaging Earth-like exoplanets around Sun-like stars with the future Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) will require coronagraphic focal plane masks able to suppress starlight to the 1 &times; 10<span><span>\u207b</span><span>&sup1;</span><span>\u2070</span></span> contrast levels. Furthermore, to collect enough photons for broadband imaging and detection and to minimize the number of parallel channels for spectroscopic characterization, this level of contrast must be achieved across a 20% bandwidth. Scalar vortex coronagraphs show promise as a polarization-independent alternative to polarizationsensitive vector vortex coronagraphs, but still face chromatic limitations. New scalar vortex mask designs incorporate radial phase dimples to improve the broadband performance. We present initial manufacturing results of prototype masks of these designs including phase metrology and microscope images, in preparation for broadband chromatic characterization and starlight suppression measurements, to be taken on a high contrast imaging testbed. We also present a preliminary narrowband (2%) dark hole result achieving 1.8 &times; 10<span><span>\u207b<span>\u2078</span></span></span>&nbsp;average contrast from 3.5-100/D on the High Contrast Spectroscopy Testbed at Caltech. This work aims to advance the technological maturity of scalar vortex coronagraphs as a viable option for consideration for HWO.</p>",
        "doi": "10.1117/12.3020702",
        "publisher": "SPIE",
        "place_of_publication": "Bellingham, WA",
        "publication": "Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2024: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave",
        "publication_date": "2024-08-23",
        "pages": "1309221"
    },
    {
        "id": "authors:ez8s6-r9906",
        "collection": "authors",
        "collection_id": "ez8s6-r9906",
        "cite_using_url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/ez8s6-r9906",
        "type": "conference_item",
        "title": "High-contrast spectroscopy testbed (HCST): tip/tilt sensing in reflection of the vector vortex coronagraph (VVC)",
        "author": [
            {
                "family_name": "Bertrou-Cantou",
                "given_name": "Arielle",
                "clpid": "Bertrou-Cantou-Arielle"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Redmond",
                "given_name": "Susan F.",
                "orcid": "0000-0002-9618-4371",
                "clpid": "Redmond-Susan-F"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Mawet",
                "given_name": "Dimitri",
                "orcid": "0000-0002-8895-4735",
                "clpid": "Mawet-D"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Sercel",
                "given_name": "Greg P.",
                "clpid": "Sercel-Greg-P"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Echeverri",
                "given_name": "Daniel",
                "orcid": "0000-0002-1583-2040",
                "clpid": "Echeverri-D"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Desai",
                "given_name": "Niyati",
                "orcid": "0000-0002-2843-8325",
                "clpid": "Desai-Niyati"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Llop-Sayson",
                "given_name": "Jorge",
                "orcid": "0000-0002-3414-784X",
                "clpid": "Llop-Sayson-Jorge"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Ruane",
                "given_name": "Garreth",
                "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-1665",
                "clpid": "Ruane-G-J"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Serabyn",
                "given_name": "Eugene",
                "orcid": "0009-0009-2491-0694",
                "clpid": "Serabyn-Eugene"
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Wallace",
                "given_name": "James Kent",
                "orcid": "0000-0001-5299-6899",
                "clpid": "Wallace-J-Kent"
            }
        ],
        "editor": [
            {
                "family_name": "Coyle",
                "given_name": "Laura E."
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Perrin",
                "given_name": "Marshall D."
            },
            {
                "family_name": "Matsuura",
                "given_name": "Shuji"
            }
        ],
        "abstract": "<p>With the identified objective of enabling Earth-like exoplanets direct detection, and characterization of their atmospheric content, the Astro2020 report has placed the maturation of exoplanet imaging technology as a key priority for the coming decade. The High Contrast Spectroscopy Testbed (HCST) within the Caltech Exoplanet Technology laboratory serves as an in-air coronagraphic testbed demonstrator, integrating a high order deformable mirror for wavefront control and a vector vortex coronagraph (VVC). HCST has demonstrated excellent in-air contrast performance, achieving 1 &times; 10<span><span>\u207b<span>\u2078</span></span></span> raw contrast in broadband light, for both the apodized off-axis segmented pupil configuration and using single mode fiber planet injection. By introducing a low-order wavefront sensor (WFS) that utilizes either the in-band or out-of-band reflected light from the VVC coupled with a tip/tilt mirror, our objective is to address dynamic errors, thereby enhancing the wavefront stability of the experiment. We present in this proceeding the first steps towards a full tip/tilt control loop, starting with the optical design of our low-order camera. We performed a drift test overnight as a diagnostic of the coronagraphic performance stability and to possibly identify causes for the drift. Conclusions show that HCST demonstrate a remarkably stable environment to perform high-contrast imaging experiments, at the level of 1 &times; 10<span><span>\u207b<span>\u2078</span></span></span> contrast.</p>",
        "doi": "10.1117/12.3019237",
        "isbn": "9781510675070",
        "publisher": "SPIE",
        "place_of_publication": "Bellingham, WA",
        "publication": "Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2024: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave",
        "publication_date": "2024-08-23",
        "pages": "130926B"
    }
]